当Docker在主机上运行时,将设置notoriously difficult的IPtables规则,我认为我在这篇精彩的博客文章https://unrouted.io/2017/08/15/docker-firewall/
中有一个确定的解决方案这个博客文章中描述的配置已经为我服务了很长时间,但是现在我遇到了一个以前从未遇到过的问题。
我正在运行一个docker容器,该容器在主机的端口465上公开服务。端口465映射到容器中的端口25。这是模拟这种服务的方法:
$ docker run --rm -it -p 465:25 python:3.6 python3 -m http.server 25
我的问题是我无法从外部访问服务器上的端口465:
$ curl mydomain.com:465
curl: (7) Failed to connect to mydomain.com port 465: No route to host
但是,有趣的是,如果主机上的端口映射到容器中的相同端口,我确实设法访问了该服务。换句话说,当我在主机上运行时:
$ docker run --rm -it -p 465:465 python:3.6 python3 -m http.server 465
然后我可以从外部访问该服务:
$ curl mydomain.com:465
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org...
整个问题归结于我的iptables定义:我知道,因为当我刷新iptables规则时,无论端口映射如何,我都确实设法从外部访问该服务。
这是我的iptable规则:
*filter
# Source: https://unrouted.io/2017/08/15/docker-firewall/
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD DROP [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FILTERS - [0:0]
:DOCKER-USER - [0:0]
-F INPUT
-F DOCKER-USER
-F FILTERS
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT ! -i lo -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT
-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j FILTERS
-A DOCKER-USER -i eth0 -j FILTERS
-A FILTERS -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A FILTERS -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A FILTERS -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A FILTERS -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A FILTERS -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 465 -j ACCEPT
-A FILTERS -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
我应该如何修改iptables,以便无论端口映射如何都可以从外部访问容器?
编辑:
这是失败情况下的完整iptables规则(465:25
映射):
$ sudo iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
REJECT all -- loopback/8 anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
ACCEPT icmp -- anywhere anywhere icmp any
FILTERS all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain FORWARD (policy DROP)
target prot opt source destination
DOCKER-USER all -- anywhere anywhere
DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1 all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
DOCKER all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
DOCKER all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
DOCKER all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain DOCKER (3 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere 172.19.0.4 tcp dpt:3000
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere 172.17.0.3 tcp dpt:smtp
Chain DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1 (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2 all -- anywhere anywhere
DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2 all -- anywhere anywhere
DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2 all -- anywhere anywhere
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-2 (3 references)
target prot opt source destination
DROP all -- anywhere anywhere
DROP all -- anywhere anywhere
DROP all -- anywhere anywhere
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain DOCKER-USER (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
FILTERS all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain FILTERS (2 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:http
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:https
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:urd
REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
答案 0 :(得分:1)
感谢您在Twitter上与我联系。实际上,我之前从未有人注意过这个问题,我想我知道发生了什么。在您的示例中:
docker run --rm -it -p 465:25 python:3.6 python3 -m http.server 25
如果您使用iptables-save
查看完整的防火墙配置,则会看到一堆NAT规则。在*nat
部分中您可能会看到类似以下的内容:
-A PREROUTING -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j DOCKER
... snip ...
-A DOCKER ! -i br-abbaabbaabba -p tcp -m tcp --dport 465 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.18.0.10:25
因此,此规则在PREROUTING
阶段执行,并重写传入的数据包,使其看起来总是端口25而不是端口465。并且这发生在filter
表{{1}之前}链条运行。
因此,我认为如果您允许流量访问端口25,那么实际上您也可以访问端口INPUT
。显然,您不想允许访问所有端口25,因为其中包括主机的端口25。
由于Docker,您此时要做的所有普通技巧都变得更加困难。
您可以拒绝显式优于隐式路由,并拆分主机与docker规则:
465
您仍然不满意允许端口25的通信。
我相信,现在Docker不会在*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD DROP [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FILTERS - [0:0]
:DOCKER-USER - [0:0]
-F INPUT
-F DOCKER-USER
-F FILTERS
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT ! -i lo -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT
-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
# Rules for services running on the host:
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
# Rules for services running in containers:
-A DOCKER-USER -i eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# This says dport 25, but is actually 465. Yay for prerouting + NAT.
# Service on real host port 25 should still be inaccessible because DOCKER-USER
# is only accessible via `FORWARD` and not `INPUT`...
-A DOCKER-USER -i eth0 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
-A DOCKER-USER -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
或*raw
中放置任何内容,因此可以安全地在其中添加您自己的规则。显然,这些表存在局限性(原始在连接跟踪之前,而mangle仅用于标记连接),因此也不是很好。
最后,我可以想到的唯一另一件事是*mangle
iptables模块可以使用conntrack
来解决问题,但是我自己从未尝试过。看着this,您可以尝试:
--ctorigdstport
看起来有点难看,但要清楚地说明正在发生的事情。如果您尝试使用此工具,并且可以正常工作,请告诉我,我将看到有关编写/更新该博客文章的信息。