我正在尝试编写一个从给定文件中提取指定行的函数。我这样做的功能有两个参数:
我已将此功能包装在模块( routines.f95 )中,如下所示:
module routines
contains
function getLine(fUnit, fLine)
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! Get the nth line of a file. It is assumed that the file is !
! numerical only. The first argument is the unit number of the !
! file, and the second number is the line number. If -1 is !
! passed to the second argument, then the program returns the !
! final line of the program. It is further assumed that each !
! line of the file contains two elements. !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
implicit none
integer, intent(in) :: fUnit, fLine
integer :: i
real, dimension(2) :: tmp, getLine
if (fline .eq. -1) then
do
read(fUnit, *, end=10) tmp
end do
else
do i = 1, fLine
read(fUnit, *, end=10) tmp
end do
end if
10 getLine = tmp
end function getLine
end module routines
要测试此功能,我设置了以下主程序( test.f95 ):
program test
use routines
implicit none
integer :: i
real, dimension(2) :: line
open(21, file = 'data.dat')
do i = 1, 5
line = getLine(21, i)
write(*, *) i, line
end do
close(21)
end program test
文件 data.dat 包含以下信息:
1.0 1.00
2.0 0.50
3.0 0.33
4.0 0.25
5.0 0.20
此代码是我编写的代码的简化版本,但是它反映了我在主代码中遇到的所有错误。当我用命令编译上面的代码
gfortran -c routines.f95
gfortran -c test.f95
gfortran -o test test.o routines.o
我没有获得任何语法错误。程序的输出如下:
1 1.00000000 1.00000000
2 3.00000000 0.330000013
3 5.00000000 0.200000003
At line 28 of file routines.f95 (unit = 21, file = 'data.dat')
Fortran runtime error: Sequential READ or WRITE not allowed after EOF marker, possibly use REWIND or BACKSPACE
Error termination. Backtrace:
#0 0x7f2425ea15cd in ???
#1 0x7f2425ea2115 in ???
#2 0x7f2425ea287a in ???
#3 0x7f242601294b in ???
#4 0x400ccb in ???
#5 0x4009f0 in ???
#6 0x400b32 in ???
#7 0x7f2425347f49 in ???
#8 0x400869 in ???
at ../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:120
#9 0xffffffffffffffff in ???
我了解到正在引发错误,因为该程序尝试提取超出EOF标记的行。这样做的原因是因为程序跳过了每隔一行,因此跳过了程序的最后一行。
有人可以帮我理解为什么我的程序跳过输入文件的每一行吗?我无法在代码中找到问题。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
连接的外部文件的位置为 global 状态。在这种情况下,函数getline
将在文件搜索后更改其位置。下次调用该函数时,搜索将从其保留的位置开始。
那么,您所看到的并不是行的“跳过”,而是:
但是,第三次迭代中的第三行(文件的第六个)在文件结束条件之后。您会看到读取第五行的结果。
要启用所需的查找功能,请确保在跳过行之前将文件放置在其初始位置。 rewind
语句将连接文件放置在其初始位置。
代替倒带,您可以关闭文件并用position='rewind'
重新打开以确保其位于初始位置,但是rewind
语句是一种更好的重定位方法。如果在没有position=
指示符的情况下重新打开,则会看到类似于position='asis'
的效果。这使Fortran标准未指定文件中的位置。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
在@francescalus的帮助下,我可以回答我自己的问题。我的代码的问题在于,每当我的主程序遍历该函数时,read语句的位置就会在最后一个位置出现。因此,我的程序跳过了几行。这是我更新的代码:
test.f95
program test
use routines
implicit none
integer :: i
real, dimension(2) :: line
open(21, file = 'data.dat')
do i = 1, 5
line = getLine(21, i)
write(*, *) i, line
end do
line = getLine(21, -1)
write(*, *) -1, line
close(21)
end program test
routines.f95
module routines
包含
function getLine(fUnit, fLine)
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! Get the nth line of a file. It is assumed that the file is !
! numerical only. The first argument is the unit number of the !
! file, and the second number is the line number. If -1 is !
! passed to the second argument, then the program returns the !
! final line of the program. It is further assumed that each !
! line of the file contains two elements. !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
implicit none
integer, intent(in) :: fUnit, fLine
integer :: i
real, dimension(2) :: tmp, getLine
rewind(fUnit)
if (fline .eq. -1) then
do
read(fUnit, *, end=10) tmp
end do
else
do i = 1, fLine
read(fUnit, *, end=10) tmp
end do
end if
10 getLine = tmp
end function getLine
end module routines
data.dat
1.0 1.00
2.0 0.50
3.0 0.33
4.0 0.25
5.0 0.20
编译为
gfortran -c routines.f95
gfortran -c test.f95
gfortran -o test test.o routines.o
该程序的输出为
1 1.00000000 1.00000000
2 2.00000000 0.500000000
3 3.00000000 0.330000013
4 4.00000000 0.250000000
5 5.00000000 0.200000003
-1 5.00000000 0.200000003