编译器如何区分重载函数

时间:2019-02-16 10:00:25

标签: c++ override overloading

我了解什么是函数重载。但是,我很好奇编译器如何区分这些重载函数。假设我有以下两个重载的函数定义。

#include <iostream>

int sum(int a, int b);
int sum(vector<int> a, vector<int> b);

那么,编译器如何确定要调用的函数?我了解逻辑,它根据参数的数据类型进行区分。但是,它是如何实现的?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您所说的一切都取决于参数类型,可能是通过转换:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int sum(int, int)
{
  cout << "ints" << endl;
}

int sum(vector<int>, vector<int>)
{
  cout << "vectors" << endl;
}

class C1 {
  public:
    operator int() { return 0; }
};

class C2 {
  public:
    operator int() { return 0; }
    operator vector<int>() { vector<int> v ; return v; }
};

int main()
{
  sum(1, 2); // ints
  sum(1.2, 3); // ints, use conversion from double to int

  vector<int> v;

  sum(v, v); // vectors
  // sum(v, 0); no matching function for call to 'sum(std::vector<int>&, int)'


  C1 c1;

  sum(c1, c1); // use conversion from C1 to int

  C2 c2;

  //sum(c2, c2);  call of overloaded 'sum(C2&, C2&)' is ambiguous

  return 0;
}

编译和执行:

pi@raspberrypi:/tmp $ g++ -pedantic -Wextra c.cc
pi@raspberrypi:/tmp $ ./a.out
ints
ints
vectors
ints