Question

我正在使用Spring Webflux进行评估，但我们必须支持希望使用application / json而不是application / stream + json的客户端。我不清楚在需要application / json的客户端中，Spring WebFlux如何处理序列化Flux。

如果将Flux序列化为application / json而不是application / stream + json，这是否是阻塞操作？

下面，我整理了一个示例控制器来演示我所看到的。当流是无限的并且产生application / json时，什么都不会返回到浏览器。这似乎很合理，因为它可能正在等待流终止。当流是无限的并产生application / stream + json时，我会按预期在浏览器中连续看到JSON对象。当Flux是有限的（例如100个元素）并且类型为application / json时，它将一次按预期呈现。 问题是，它是否必须等待Flux终止才能进行序列化，是否会导致阻塞操作。返回正常的application / json时，使用Flux对性能和可伸缩性有什么影响？

@RestController
public class ReactiveController {

    /* Note: In the browser this sits forever and never renders */
    @GetMapping(path = "/nonStreaming", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    public Flux<Person> getPeopleNonStreaming() {
        return Flux.interval(Duration.ofMillis(100))
                .map(tick -> new Person("Dude", "Dude", tick));
    }

    /* Note: This renders in the browser in chunks forever */
    @GetMapping(path = "/streaming", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_STREAM_JSON_VALUE)
    public Flux<Person> getPeopleStreaming() {
        return Flux.interval(Duration.ofMillis(100))
                .map(tick -> new Person("Dude", "Dude", tick));
    }

    /* Note: This returns, but I can't tell if it is done in a non blocking manner. It
     * appears to gather everything before serializing. */
    @GetMapping(path = "/finiteFlux", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    public Flux<Person> finiteFlux() {
        return Flux.range(0, 100)
                .map(tick -> new Person("Dude", "Dude", tick));
    }
}

更新：

我在下面添加了其他日志记录信息：

流式传输似乎正在使用两个不同的线程

2019-02-13 16:53:07.363 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] o.s.w.s.adapter.HttpWebHandlerAdapter    : [dac80fd4] HTTP GET "/streaming"
2019-02-13 16:53:07.384 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] s.w.r.r.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : [dac80fd4] Mapped to public reactor.core.publisher.Flux<io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person> io.jkratz.reactivedemo.ReactiveController.getPeopleStreaming()
2019-02-13 16:53:07.398 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] o.s.w.r.r.m.a.ResponseBodyResultHandler  : Using 'application/stream+json;q=0.8' given [text/html, application/xhtml+xml, image/webp, image/apng, application/xml;q=0.9, */*;q=0.8] and supported [application/stream+json]
2019-02-13 16:53:07.398 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] o.s.w.r.r.m.a.ResponseBodyResultHandler  : [dac80fd4] 0..N [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person]
2019-02-13 16:53:07.532 DEBUG 3416 --- [     parallel-1] o.s.http.codec.json.Jackson2JsonEncoder  : [dac80fd4] Encoding [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@6b3e843d]
2019-02-13 16:53:07.566 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0xdac80fd4, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52398] Writing object DefaultHttpResponse(decodeResult: success, version: HTTP/1.1)
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
transfer-encoding: chunked
Content-Type: application/stream+json;q=0.8;charset=UTF-8
2019-02-13 16:53:07.591 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0xdac80fd4, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52398] Writing object 
2019-02-13 16:53:07.629 DEBUG 3416 --- [     parallel-1] o.s.http.codec.json.Jackson2JsonEncoder  : [dac80fd4] Encoding [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@217d62db]
2019-02-13 16:53:07.630 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0xdac80fd4, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52398] Writing object 
2019-02-13 16:53:07.732 DEBUG 3416 --- [     parallel-1] o.s.http.codec.json.Jackson2JsonEncoder  : [dac80fd4] Encoding [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@741c0c88]
2019-02-13 16:53:07.732 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0xdac80fd4, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52398] Writing object 
2019-02-13 16:53:07.832 DEBUG 3416 --- [     parallel-1] o.s.http.codec.json.Jackson2JsonEncoder  : [dac80fd4] Encoding [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@7b8532e5]

使用JSON的有限方法仅使用一个线程。

2019-02-13 16:55:34.431 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] o.s.w.s.adapter.HttpWebHandlerAdapter    : [5b048f46] HTTP GET "/finiteFlux"
2019-02-13 16:55:34.432 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] s.w.r.r.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : [5b048f46] Mapped to public reactor.core.publisher.Flux<io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person> io.jkratz.reactivedemo.ReactiveController.finiteFlux()
2019-02-13 16:55:34.434 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] o.s.w.r.r.m.a.ResponseBodyResultHandler  : Using 'application/json;q=0.8' given [text/html, application/xhtml+xml, image/webp, image/apng, application/xml;q=0.9, */*;q=0.8] and supported [application/json]
2019-02-13 16:55:34.435 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] o.s.w.r.r.m.a.ResponseBodyResultHandler  : [5b048f46] 0..N [io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person]
2019-02-13 16:55:34.439 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] o.s.http.codec.json.Jackson2JsonEncoder  : [5b048f46] Encoding [[io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@425c8296, io.jkratz.reactivedemo.Person@22ae73df, io.jkratz.reactived (truncated)...]
2019-02-13 16:55:34.448 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] Writing object DefaultHttpResponse(decodeResult: success, version: HTTP/1.1)
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
transfer-encoding: chunked
Content-Type: application/json;q=0.8;charset=UTF-8
2019-02-13 16:55:34.448 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] Writing object 
2019-02-13 16:55:34.450 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] o.s.w.s.adapter.HttpWebHandlerAdapter    : [5b048f46] Completed 200 OK
2019-02-13 16:55:34.450 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.http.server.HttpServerOperations     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] Last HTTP response frame
2019-02-13 16:55:34.450 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] Writing object EmptyLastHttpContent
2019-02-13 16:55:34.450 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.http.server.HttpServerOperations     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] Decreasing pending responses, now 0
2019-02-13 16:55:34.451 DEBUG 3416 --- [ctor-http-nio-3] r.n.channel.ChannelOperationsHandler     : [id: 0x5b048f46, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:8080 - R:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52991] No ChannelOperation attached. Dropping: EmptyLastHttpContent

Answer 1

对于流式模仿类型（application/stream+json），Spring WebFlux中默认配置的JSON编解码器将序列化为JSON，并在网络上刷新Flux输入的每个元素。当流无限或要在可用时将信息推送到客户端时，此行为很方便。请注意，这会降低性能，因为调用序列化程序并多次刷新会占用资源。

对于非流传输类型（application/json），Spring WebFlux中默认配置的JSON编解码器将序列化为JSON并一次性刷新到网络。它将Flux<YourObject>缓冲在内存中，并在一次通过中将其序列化。这并不意味着操作正在阻塞，因为结果Flux<Databuffer>以反应方式写入网络。这里没有任何障碍。

这只是“流数据和使用更多资源”与“缓冲和更有效地使用资源”之间的折衷。

在流式传输的情况下，由于工作项在不同的间隔可用，因此更有可能由不同的工作线程处理事物。对于简单的JSON响应-它也可能由一个或多个线程处理：无论远程客户端是否慢，它都取决于有效负载大小。

Answer 2

似乎所有魔术都在AbstractJackson2Encoder＃encode方法内发生。这是常规application/json序列化的代码：

// non-streaming

return Flux.from(inputStream)
            .collectList() // make Mono<List<YourClass>> from Flux<YourClass>
            .map(list -> encodeValue(list, bufferFactory, listType, mimeType, hints)) // serialize list to JSON and write to DataBuffer
            .flux(); // get Flux<DataBuffer> from Mono<DataBuffer>

所以，是的，它在序列化之前等待Flux终止。

性能改进值得怀疑，因为它总是必须等待所有数据进行序列化。因此，在List媒体类型的情况下，Flux与常规application/json之间没有太大区别

非流式应用程序/ json的Spring WebFlux Flux行为

2 个答案: