我在一个文件夹中有两个文件。
# ls
a.ts
b.ts
tsconfig.json
# tsc --version
Version 3.0.1
tsconfig.json
由tsc -init
创建,没有任何更改。
在a.ts
中,我定义了一个变量。
let a = {
name: 'hello'
}
在b.ts
中:
let a = {}
然后我尝试编译:
# tsc
a.ts:1:5 - error TS2451: Cannot redeclare block-scoped variable 'a'.
// ... and some detail
所以编译器会抛出此错误,但是它也给了我两个编译文件。
# ls
a.js
b.ts
a.ts
tsconfig.json
b.js
这在b.js
中有详细说明:
"use strict";
var a = {};
实际上,编译成功,但是仍然会引发错误。
但是,如果我尝试在a
中使用b.ts
console.log(a.name)
编译器很好,但是当我尝试执行代码时失败。
所以,我很困惑。在其他文件中定义时,我不能在a
中将b.ts
声明为变量名或将其用作变量?
这是默认的tsconf.json
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Basic Options */
"target": "es5", /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017','ES2018' or 'ESNEXT'. */
"module": "commonjs", /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', or 'ESNext'. */
// "lib": [], /* Specify library files to be included in the compilation. */
// "allowJs": true, /* Allow javascript files to be compiled. */
// "checkJs": true, /* Report errors in .js files. */
// "jsx": "preserve", /* Specify JSX code generation: 'preserve', 'react-native', or 'react'. */
// "declaration": true, /* Generates corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "declarationMap": true, /* Generates a sourcemap for each corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "sourceMap": true, /* Generates corresponding '.map' file. */
// "outFile": "./", /* Concatenate and emit output to single file. */
// "outDir": "./", /* Redirect output structure to the directory. */
// "rootDir": "./", /* Specify the root directory of input files. Use to control the output directory structure with --outDir. */
// "composite": true, /* Enable project compilation */
// "removeComments": true, /* Do not emit comments to output. */
// "noEmit": true, /* Do not emit outputs. */
// "importHelpers": true, /* Import emit helpers from 'tslib'. */
// "downlevelIteration": true, /* Provide full support for iterables in 'for-of', spread, and destructuring when targeting 'ES5' or 'ES3'. */
// "isolatedModules": true, /* Transpile each file as a separate module (similar to 'ts.transpileModule'). */
/* Strict Type-Checking Options */
"strict": true, /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
// "noImplicitAny": true, /* Raise error on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
// "strictNullChecks": true, /* Enable strict null checks. */
// "strictFunctionTypes": true, /* Enable strict checking of function types. */
// "strictPropertyInitialization": true, /* Enable strict checking of property initialization in classes. */
// "noImplicitThis": true, /* Raise error on 'this' expressions with an implied 'any' type. */
// "alwaysStrict": true, /* Parse in strict mode and emit "use strict" for each source file. */
/* Additional Checks */
// "noUnusedLocals": true, /* Report errors on unused locals. */
// "noUnusedParameters": true, /* Report errors on unused parameters. */
// "noImplicitReturns": true, /* Report error when not all code paths in function return a value. */
// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, /* Report errors for fallthrough cases in switch statement. */
/* Module Resolution Options */
// "moduleResolution": "node", /* Specify module resolution strategy: 'node' (Node.js) or 'classic' (TypeScript pre-1.6). */
// "baseUrl": "./", /* Base directory to resolve non-absolute module names. */
// "paths": {}, /* A series of entries which re-map imports to lookup locations relative to the 'baseUrl'. */
// "rootDirs": [], /* List of root folders whose combined content represents the structure of the project at runtime. */
// "typeRoots": [], /* List of folders to include type definitions from. */
// "types": [], /* Type declaration files to be included in compilation. */
// "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, /* Allow default imports from modules with no default export. This does not affect code emit, just typechecking. */
"esModuleInterop": true /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */
// "preserveSymlinks": true, /* Do not resolve the real path of symlinks. */
/* Source Map Options */
// "sourceRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate TypeScript files instead of source locations. */
// "mapRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
// "inlineSourceMap": true, /* Emit a single file with source maps instead of having a separate file. */
// "inlineSources": true, /* Emit the source alongside the sourcemaps within a single file; requires '--inlineSourceMap' or '--sourceMap' to be set. */
/* Experimental Options */
// "experimentalDecorators": true, /* Enables experimental support for ES7 decorators. */
// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, /* Enables experimental support for emitting type metadata for decorators. */
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
如果文件不包含导出,则将其视为脚本文件,并且其中声明的所有符号都在全局范围内。这可能是您收到错误的原因,您在多个文件中定义相同的变量,打字稿会考虑脚本文件。
您可以使用namespaces
(不推荐),也可以添加模块系统并在文件中至少使用一次export
。
如果您已经在使用模块系统,而只是忘记添加export
,则可以添加isolatedModules
以确保所有文件都必须至少导出一次
答案 1 :(得分:0)
...但是在我尝试执行代码时失败。
这表明在同一环境中运行a.js
之前您没有运行b.js
。您不能只是单独运行b.js
,必须先运行a.js
才能声明和初始化a
。
如果这样做,console.log(a.name)
中的b.js
可以正常工作。
在您的tsconfig.json
和a.ts
中使用TypeScript v3,将其编译为以下JavaScript:
"use strict";
var a = {
name: 'hello'
};
和b.ts
(带有console.log
的版本)已编译为此JavaScript:
"use strict";
console.log(a.name);
在同一环境中运行a.js
,然后运行b.js
,会成功输出名称。 Live example
您无法在a
中重新声明b.ts
的原因是a.ts
和b.ts
都在全局范围内求值,而您不能拥有{{1 }}在全局范围内有两个地方,因为用let a
重新声明变量是错误的。