从Cocoa发送电子邮件

Question

如何在不使用任何电子邮件客户端的情况下从Cocoa应用程序发送电子邮件？我有NSURL，但它打开了一个电子邮件客户端。我希望在没有发生这种情况的情况下发送电子邮件。

Answer 1

那些响应已经过时Mac OS X 10.8以及更多应该使用NSSharingService

NSArray *shareItems=@[body,imageA,imageB];
NSSharingService *service = [NSSharingService sharingServiceNamed:NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail];
service.delegate = self;
service.recipients=@[@"xxx@apple.com"];
service.subject= [ NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@",NSLocalizedString(@"SLYRunner console",nil),currentDate];
[service performWithItems:shareItems];

The sharing service documentation page

Answer 2

更新：正如其他人所建议的，从 10.9 您也可以使用支持附件的 NSSharingService ！

Swift示例：

    let emailImage          = NSImage.init(named: "ImageToShare")!
    let emailBody           = "Email Body"
    let emailService        =  NSSharingService.init(named: NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail)!
    emailService.recipients = ["support@myapp.com"]
    emailService.subject    = "App Support"

    if emailService.canPerform(withItems: [emailBody,emailImage]) {
        // email can be sent
        emailService.perform(withItems: [emailBody,emailImage])
    } else {
        // email cannot be sent, perhaps no email client is set up
        // Show alert with email address and instructions

    }

<击> OLD UPDATE ：我的旧答案工作正常，直到我不得不为App Store沙堆我的应用程序.~~ 从那时起，我发现的唯一解决方案就是使用mailto：link。

- (void)sendEmailWithMail:(NSString *) senderAddress Address:(NSString *) toAddress Subject:(NSString *) subject Body:(NSString *) bodyText {
    NSString *mailtoAddress = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"mailto:%@?Subject=%@&body=%@",toAddress,subject,bodyText] stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@"%20"];
    [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:mailtoAddress]];
    NSLog(@"Mailto:%@",mailtoAddress);
}

缺点：没有附件！如果您知道如何让它在Mac上运行，请告诉我！

OLD ANSWER： 您可以使用Apple Script，Apple的脚本桥接框架（解决方案2）或Python脚本（解决方案3）

解决方案1（Apple脚本）：

附件是包含文件路径的stings数组

- (void)sendEmailWithMail:(NSString *) toAddress withSubject:(NSString *) subject Attachments:(NSArray *) attachments { 
NSString *bodyText = @"Your body text \n\r";    
NSString *emailString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\
                         tell application \"Mail\"\n\
                         set newMessage to make new outgoing message with properties {subject:\"%@\", content:\"%@\" & return} \n\
                         tell newMessage\n\
                         set visible to false\n\
                         set sender to \"%@\"\n\
                         make new to recipient at end of to recipients with properties {name:\"%@\", address:\"%@\"}\n\
                         tell content\n\
                         ",subject, bodyText, @"McAlarm alert", @"McAlarm User", toAddress ];

//add attachments to script
for (NSString *alarmPhoto in attachments) {
    emailString = [emailString stringByAppendingFormat:@"make new attachment with properties {file name:\"%@\"} at after the last paragraph\n\
                   ",alarmPhoto];

}
//finish script
emailString = [emailString stringByAppendingFormat:@"\
               end tell\n\
               send\n\
               end tell\n\
               end tell"];



//NSLog(@"%@",emailString);
NSAppleScript *emailScript = [[NSAppleScript alloc] initWithSource:emailString];
[emailScript executeAndReturnError:nil];
[emailScript release];

/* send the message */
NSLog(@"Message passed to Mail");

}

解决方案2（Apple scriptingbridge框架）： 您可以使用Apple的scriptingbridge框架来使用Mail发送消息 Apple's exmaple link这非常简单，您只需要在项目中添加规则和Mail.app。仔细阅读Readme.txt。

更改“emailMessage.visible = YES;” to“emailMessage.visible = NO;”所以它在后台发送。

缺点：用户需要在Mail下拥有有效帐户。

解决方案3（Python脚本（无用户帐户）： 您还可以使用python脚本发送消息。 缺点：用户必须输入SMTP详细信息，除非您从Mail中获取它们（但之后您可以直接使用上面的解决方案1），或者您必须在应用程序中使用硬编码的可靠SMTP中继（您可以设置一个Gmail帐户并使用它为此，如果您的应用发送太多电子邮件，谷歌可以删除您的帐户（垃圾邮件）） 我使用这个python脚本：

import sys
import smtplib
import os
import optparse

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders

username = sys.argv[1]
hostname = sys.argv[2]
port = sys.argv[3]
from_addr = sys.argv[4]
to_addr = sys.argv[5]
subject = sys.argv[6]
text = sys.argv[7]

password = getpass.getpass() if sys.stdin.isatty() else sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\n')

message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = from_addr
message['To'] = to_addr
message['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
message['Subject'] = subject
#message['Cc'] = COMMASPACE.join(cc)
message.attach(MIMEText(text))

i = 0
for file in sys.argv:
    if i > 7:
        part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
        part.set_payload(open(file, 'rb').read())
        Encoders.encode_base64(part)
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' % os.path.basename(file))
        message.attach(part)
    i = i + 1

smtp = smtplib.SMTP(hostname,port)
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username, password)
del password

smtp.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, message.as_string())
smtp.close()

我用此方法将其称为使用Gmail帐户发送电子邮件

- (bool) sendEmail:(NSTask *) task toAddress:(NSString *) toAddress withSubject:(NSString *) subject Attachments:(NSArray *) attachments {

        NSLog(@"Trying to send email message");
        //set arguments including attachments
        NSString *username = @"my.gmail.account@gmail.com";
        NSString *hostname = @"smtp.gmail.com";
        NSString *port = @"587";
        NSString *fromAddress = @"my.gmail.account@gmail.com";  
        NSString *bodyText = @"Body text \n\r"; 
        NSMutableArray *arguments = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
                                    programPath,
                                    username,
                                    hostname,
                                    port, 
                                    fromAddress, 
                                    toAddress,
                                    subject,
                                    bodyText, 
                                    nil];  
        for (int i = 0; i < [attachments count]; i++) {
            [arguments addObject:[attachments objectAtIndex:i]];
        }

        NSData *passwordData = [@"myGmailPassword" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];


        NSDictionary *environment = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                     @"", @"PYTHONPATH",
                                     @"/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin", @"PATH",
                                     nil];
        [task setEnvironment:environment];
        [task setLaunchPath:@"/usr/bin/python"];

        [task setArguments:arguments];

        NSPipe *stdinPipe = [NSPipe pipe];
        [task setStandardInput:stdinPipe];

        [task launch];

        [[stdinPipe fileHandleForReading] closeFile];
        NSFileHandle *stdinFH = [stdinPipe fileHandleForWriting];
        [stdinFH writeData:passwordData];
        [stdinFH writeData:[@"\n" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [stdinFH writeData:[@"Description" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [stdinFH closeFile];

        [task waitUntilExit];

        if ([task terminationStatus] == 0) { 
            NSLog(@"Message successfully sent");
            return YES;
        } else {
            NSLog(@"Message not sent");
            return NO;
        }
    }

我希望它有帮助

Answer 3

这post应该有所帮助 - 它也引用了example code。

您还需要更改Controller.m中的第114行以在后台发送消息：

emailMessage.visible = NO;

Answer 4

您需要使用Simple Mail Transfer Protocol（SMTP）。此链接将简要概述其工作原理：Understanding the SMTP Protocol。