基于django-allauth定义的模型，在初始数据库迁移期间出现错误。我没有定义任何其他模型，因此我的Django项目中没有迁移文件。
Django==2.1.5
django-allauth==0.38.0
django-pyodbc-azure==2.1.0.0
Python 3.6.7
MS SQL Server 16 Build Version 13.0.4474.0 (March 2018)
当我使用SQLite时，此方法工作正常
> python manage.py showmigrations
account
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_email_max_length
admin
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_logentry_remove_auto_add
[ ] 0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices
auth
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_alter_permission_name_max_length
[ ] 0003_alter_user_email_max_length
[ ] 0004_alter_user_username_opts
[ ] 0005_alter_user_last_login_null
[ ] 0006_require_contenttypes_0002
[ ] 0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages
[ ] 0008_alter_user_username_max_length
[ ] 0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length
contenttypes
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_remove_content_type_name
sessions
[ ] 0001_initial
sites
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_alter_domain_unique
socialaccount
[ ] 0001_initial
[ ] 0002_token_max_lengths
[ ] 0003_extra_data_default_dict
> python manage.py makemigrations
No changes detected
> python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: account, admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions, sites, socialaccount
Running migrations:
Applying account.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/base.py", line 546, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
pyodbc.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Foreign key 'account_emailaddress_user_id_2c513194_fk_users_customuser_id' references invalid table 'users_customuser'. (1767) (SQLExecDirectW)")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 316, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 353, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 83, in wrapped
res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 203, in handle
fake_initial=fake_initial,
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 117, in migrate
state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 147, in _migrate_all_forwards
state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 244, in apply_migration
state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 106, in __exit__
self.execute(sql)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/schema.py", line 653, in execute
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 68, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/testuser/envs/venv367/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/base.py", line 546, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Foreign key 'account_emailaddress_user_id_2c513194_fk_users_customuser_id' references invalid table 'users_customuser'. (1767) (SQLExecDirectW)")
这是帐户应用程序中的models.py文件。请注意，这是django-allauth软件包的一部分-不是我的代码。我的代码未定义任何模型。
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import datetime
from django.core import signing
from django.db import models, transaction
from django.utils import timezone
from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from . import app_settings, signals
from .. import app_settings as allauth_app_settings
from .adapter import get_adapter
from .managers import EmailAddressManager, EmailConfirmationManager
from .utils import user_email
@python_2_unicode_compatible
class EmailAddress(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(allauth_app_settings.USER_MODEL,
verbose_name=_('user'),
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
email = models.EmailField(unique=app_settings.UNIQUE_EMAIL,
max_length=app_settings.EMAIL_MAX_LENGTH,
verbose_name=_('e-mail address'))
verified = models.BooleanField(verbose_name=_('verified'), default=False)
primary = models.BooleanField(verbose_name=_('primary'), default=False)
objects = EmailAddressManager()
class Meta:
verbose_name = _("email address")
verbose_name_plural = _("email addresses")
if not app_settings.UNIQUE_EMAIL:
unique_together = [("user", "email")]
def __str__(self):
return "%s (%s)" % (self.email, self.user)
def set_as_primary(self, conditional=False):
old_primary = EmailAddress.objects.get_primary(self.user)
if old_primary:
if conditional:
return False
old_primary.primary = False
old_primary.save()
self.primary = True
self.save()
user_email(self.user, self.email)
self.user.save()
return True
def send_confirmation(self, request=None, signup=False):
if app_settings.EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_HMAC:
confirmation = EmailConfirmationHMAC(self)
else:
confirmation = EmailConfirmation.create(self)
confirmation.send(request, signup=signup)
return confirmation
def change(self, request, new_email, confirm=True):
"""
Given a new email address, change self and re-confirm.
"""
with transaction.atomic():
user_email(self.user, new_email)
self.user.save()
self.email = new_email
self.verified = False
self.save()
if confirm:
self.send_confirmation(request)
@python_2_unicode_compatible
class EmailConfirmation(models.Model):
email_address = models.ForeignKey(EmailAddress,
verbose_name=_('e-mail address'),
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
created = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=_('created'),
default=timezone.now)
sent = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=_('sent'), null=True)
key = models.CharField(verbose_name=_('key'), max_length=64, unique=True)
objects = EmailConfirmationManager()
class Meta:
verbose_name = _("email confirmation")
verbose_name_plural = _("email confirmations")
def __str__(self):
return "confirmation for %s" % self.email_address
@classmethod
def create(cls, email_address):
key = get_random_string(64).lower()
return cls._default_manager.create(email_address=email_address,
key=key)
def key_expired(self):
expiration_date = self.sent \
+ datetime.timedelta(days=app_settings
.EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_EXPIRE_DAYS)
return expiration_date <= timezone.now()
key_expired.boolean = True
def confirm(self, request):
if not self.key_expired() and not self.email_address.verified:
email_address = self.email_address
get_adapter(request).confirm_email(request, email_address)
signals.email_confirmed.send(sender=self.__class__,
request=request,
email_address=email_address)
return email_address
def send(self, request=None, signup=False):
get_adapter(request).send_confirmation_mail(request, self, signup)
self.sent = timezone.now()
self.save()
signals.email_confirmation_sent.send(sender=self.__class__,
request=request,
confirmation=self,
signup=signup)
class EmailConfirmationHMAC:
def __init__(self, email_address):
self.email_address = email_address
@property
def key(self):
return signing.dumps(
obj=self.email_address.pk,
salt=app_settings.SALT)
@classmethod
def from_key(cls, key):
try:
max_age = (
60 * 60 * 24 * app_settings.EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_EXPIRE_DAYS)
pk = signing.loads(
key,
max_age=max_age,
salt=app_settings.SALT)
ret = EmailConfirmationHMAC(EmailAddress.objects.get(pk=pk))
except (signing.SignatureExpired,
signing.BadSignature,
EmailAddress.DoesNotExist):
ret = None
return ret
def confirm(self, request):
if not self.email_address.verified:
email_address = self.email_address
get_adapter(request).confirm_email(request, email_address)
signals.email_confirmed.send(sender=self.__class__,
request=request,
email_address=email_address)
return email_address
def send(self, request=None, signup=False):
get_adapter(request).send_confirmation_mail(request, self, signup)
signals.email_confirmation_sent.send(sender=self.__class__,
request=request,
confirmation=self,
signup=signup)
这是django-allauth软件包中的0001_initial.py文件。不是我的代码。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models, migrations
import django.utils.timezone
from django.conf import settings
UNIQUE_EMAIL = getattr(settings, 'ACCOUNT_UNIQUE_EMAIL', True)
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
dependencies = [
migrations.swappable_dependency(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL),
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='EmailAddress',
fields=[
('id', models.AutoField(verbose_name='ID', serialize=False, auto_created=True, primary_key=True)),
('email', models.EmailField(unique=UNIQUE_EMAIL, max_length=75, verbose_name='e-mail address')),
('verified', models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='verified')),
('primary', models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='primary')),
('user', models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='user', to=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)),
],
options={
'verbose_name': 'email address',
'verbose_name_plural': 'email addresses',
},
bases=(models.Model,),
),
migrations.CreateModel(
name='EmailConfirmation',
fields=[
('id', models.AutoField(verbose_name='ID', serialize=False, auto_created=True, primary_key=True)),
('created', models.DateTimeField(default=django.utils.timezone.now, verbose_name='created')),
('sent', models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name='sent')),
('key', models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=64, verbose_name='key')),
('email_address', models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='e-mail address', to='account.EmailAddress', on_delete=models.CASCADE)),
],
options={
'verbose_name': 'email confirmation',
'verbose_name_plural': 'email confirmations',
},
bases=(models.Model,),
),
]
if not UNIQUE_EMAIL:
operations += [
migrations.AlterUniqueTogether(
name='emailaddress',
unique_together=set([('user', 'email')]),
),
]
我希望干净迁移，并创建表。实际上在错误发生之前创建了一些表。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
错误消息：
pyodbc.ProgrammingError ：（“ 42000”，“ [42000] [Microsoft] [ODBC驱动程序17 for SQL Server] [SQL Server]外键 'account_emailaddress_user_id_2c513194_fk_users_customuser_id' 引用无效的表'users_customuser'。 （1767）（SQLExecDirectW）“）
告诉您迁移正在尝试通过名称users_customuser查找自定义用户表。这告诉我，您的设置文件中的某个位置可能有：
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.customuser'
开始一个项目之前的Django文档highly recommend creating a custom user model，但是您不必这样做。如果您的设置中有上述设置，则必须在CustomUser应用中创建users模型。最简单的方法是使用上面的Django说明中所述的from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser（不是AbstractBaseUser）。另外，您也可以从代码中删除AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.customuser'并坚持使用Django的默认用户模型。如果您使用自定义用户模型，则首先为该应用创建迁移-假设应用名称为users，请执行以下操作：
python manage.py makemigrations users
如果您从设置中删除了AUTH_USER_MODEL = ...，那么您应该可以只进行python manage.py migrate。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
由于所有身份验证与升级django版本不匹配而导致的所有错误，您只需升级所有身份验证即可满足错误要求。
尝试一下：
pip install --upgrade django-allauth