Question

我必须定义code.spatial类，例如primary_key和codels.LScharacteristic codels.PlannedUsing如外键。当我尝试迁移时，我遇到了这个问题：ProgrammingError：ERROR：外键约束中指定的id列不存在。

UPD完整日志：上面的异常是以下异常的直接原因：

回溯（最近通话最近）：在第23行的文件“ manage.py”中 execute_from_command_line（sys.argv）第371行的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/init.py”，在execute_from_command_line中 utility.execute（）在执行的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/init.py”中执行 self.fetch_command（子命令）.run_from_argv（self.argv）在run_from_argv中的第288行，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py” self.execute（* args，** cmd_options）在执行中，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py”，第335行输出= self.handle（* args，** options）句柄中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py” fake_initial = fake_initial，在迁移中，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py”，第117行状态=自我._migrate_all_forwards（状态，计划，完整计划，假=假，假初始=假初始） _migrate_all_forwards中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py”，第147行状态= self.apply_migration（状态，迁移，fake = fake，fake_initial = fake_initial）在apply_migration中的第244行，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py” 状态= migration.apply（状态，schema_editor）文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py”，第122行 operation.database_forwards（self.app_label，schema_editor，old_state，project_state）文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/fields.py”，第216行，在database_forwards中 schema_editor.alter_field（from_model，from_field，to_field）在alter_field中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py”，第525行 old_db_params，new_db_params，严格）文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/schema.py”，第122行，位于_alter_field中 new_db_params，严格，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py”，第750行，位于_alter_field中 self.execute（self._create_fk_sql（model，new_field，“ fk ％（to_table）s _％（to_column）s”））在执行中，文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py” cursor.execute（sql，params）执行中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py” 返回super（）。execute（sql，params）执行中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py”，第68行返回self._execute_with_wrappers（sql，params，many = False，executor = self._execute） _execute_with_wrappers中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py”，第77行返回执行器（sql，params，许多上下文） _execute中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py”，第85行返回self.cursor.execute（sql，params）退出中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py”，第89行从exc_value提高dj_exc_value.with_traceback（traceback） _execute中的文件“ /home/user/MyProjects/forest-venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py”，第85行返回self.cursor.execute（sql，params）

但是我的模型中没有id列：

from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from renter.models import RefAbstract, Renter
from django.contrib.gis.db import models
from textwrap import shorten


class Unitt(RefAbstract):
   ....//some classes
class Task(RefAbstract):
    class Meta(RefAbstract.Meta):
        verbose_name = 'task'
        verbose_name_plural = 'tasks'

class Spatial(models.Model):
    codeq = models.IntegerField('no',help_text='no') 
    code = models.PositiveIntegerField('cutare',primary_key=True,help_text='cutare')//unique column
    codeV = models.IntegerField('novi',help_text='novi') 
    renter = models.ForeignKey(Renter, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='renter')
    geometry = models.MultiPolygonField(geography=True, verbose_name='geometry')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'cutarea'
        verbose_name_plural = 'cutarea'


class LScharacteristic(models.Model):
    codels = models.ForeignKey(Spatial, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name = 'cutarea')// Foreign Key
    tract = models.CharField('tract',max_length = 80, help_text='tract') 
    task = models.ForeignKey(Task,  on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='task')
    totalarea = models.PositiveIntegerField('totarea',help_text = 'totarea')
    explarea = models.PositiveIntegerField('exarea',help_text = 'exarea')
    protecttype = models.CharField('category',max_length = 50, help_text = 'category')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'characteristic'
        verbose_name_plural = 'characteristics'

class PlannedUsing(models.Model):
    codels = models.ForeignKey(Spatial, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name = 'cutarea') // Foreign Key   
    codeq = models.IntegerField(help_text='number')
    cutareaShape = models.ForeignKey(CutareaShape, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='form')
    cuttype = models.ForeignKey(CutareaType, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='type1')
    managetype = models.ForeignKey(ManageType, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='type2')
    unit = models.ForeignKey(Unitt, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='unit')
    composition = models.ForeignKey(Composition, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='sort')
    assortment = models.ForeignKey(Assortment, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, verbose_name='assort)
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'planus'
        verbose_name_plural = 'planuss'

什么是id列？如果我没有定义ID列，为什么存在ID列？我该如何解决？

Answer 1

您可以使用

def __str__(self):
        return self.etat

或

def __int__(self):

具体来说，您将在Django模型上返回什么。像这样：

tests= models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="Test")
class Meta:
        verbose_name = "Tests"
        ordering = ['tests']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.tests

Answer 2

我认为问题在于您的ForeignKey字段未明确指向您已标记为主要（Spatial.code）的字段。通过将Spatial.code标记为主要，可以防止Django创建id字段。请参见the documentation，但如果将ForeignKey指向某个模型，它将尝试链接到该模型的id字段。要解决此问题，您可以在参数ForeignKey字段中添加to_field='code'并将unique=True添加到Spatial.code。See documentation

ForeignKey问题。 Django的迁移

2 个答案: