Question

所以我被这个问题困扰了一段时间，即使经过大量的研究和实验也无法解决，请在这里帮助我。

我正在尝试绘制教育水平与整体健康之间的关系，这是我的代码。

p <- ggplot(educa_genhlth, aes(x = educa, fill = genhlth)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill")
q <- p +
  aes(stringr::str_wrap(educa, 10)) + 
  labs(title = "general health vs education background") +
  xlab(NULL)
r <- q+
  scale_fill_discrete(name="general health")
r

请注意，我写了第aes(string::str_wrap(Educa, 10))行是因为x变量的标签太长，彼此之间被阻塞，难以阅读。我是根据该网站上另一篇文章的建议搜索此功能的。

但是，一个新的问题是，酒吧没有遵循合乎逻辑的顺序，即从“从没上过学”到“大学四年...”。我认为是按字母顺序组织的。因此，我进行了一些研究，意识到必须对因子变量educa_health $ educa进行排序。所以我添加了另一行代码

educa_genhlth$educa <- factor(educa_genhlth$educa,
                              ordered = TRUE,
                              c("Never attended school or only kindergarten",
                                "Grades 1 through 8 (Elementary)",
                                "Grades 9 though 11 (Some high school)",
                                "Grade 12 or GED (High school graduate)",
                                "College 1 year to 3 years (Some college or technical school)",
                                "College 4 years or more (College graduate)"))

p <- ggplot(educa_genhlth, aes(x = educa, fill = genhlth)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill")
q <- p +
  aes(stringr::str_wrap(educa, 10)) +
  labs(title = "general health vs education background") +
   xlab(NULL)
r <- q +
  scale_fill_discrete(name = "general health")
r

但是事实证明它没有任何改变。

但是，如果我保留命令educa_health$educa的行，但删除第4行中将字符串包装的部分，则可以得到我想要的重组图。（请注意，为了看到它更清楚地讲，我通过添加coord_flip()来水平翻转该图。

educa_genhlth$educa <- factor(educa_genhlth$educa,
                              ordered = TRUE,
                              c("Never attended school or only kindergarten", 
                                "Grades 1 through 8 (Elementary)",
                                "Grades 9 though 11 (Some high school)",
                                "Grade 12 or GED (High school graduate)",
                                "College 1 year to 3 years (Some college or technical school)",
                                "College 4 years or more (College graduate)"))

p <- ggplot(educa_genhlth, aes(x = educa, fill = genhlth)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill")
q <- p +
  labs(title = "general health vs education background") +
  xlab(NULL)
r <- q +
  scale_fill_discrete(name = "general health") +
  coord_flip()
r

我绝对不知所措。我想要的是使绘图保持垂直，使标签可读并具有我分配的逻辑顺序。如果有人可以告诉我该怎么做以及为什么我的原始方法无效，我真的很感激。

这是我的数据集的一小部分样本：

structure(list(educa = structure(c(6L, 5L, 6L, 4L, 6L, 6L), .Label = c("Never attended school or only kindergarten", 
"Grades 1 through 8 (Elementary)", "Grades 9 though 11 (Some high school)", 
"Grade 12 or GED (High school graduate)", "College 1 year to 3 years (Some college or technical school)", 
"College 4 years or more (College graduate)"), class = "factor"), 
    genhlth = structure(c(4L, 3L, 3L, 2L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("Excellent", 
    "Very good", "Good", "Fair", "Poor"), class = "factor")), row.names = c(NA, 
6L), class = "data.frame")

Answer 1

假设您已经按照所需顺序订购了educa，则可以将fct_relabel包中的forcats与str_wrap一起使用，以更改其中的因子标签一步，而无需再次将其从字符转换为因数：

ggplot(educa_genhlth, 
       aes(x = forcats::fct_relabel(educa,
                                    stringr::str_wrap,
                                    width = 10), 
           fill = genhlth)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill") +
  labs(title = "general health vs education background") +
  xlab(NULL) +
  scale_fill_discrete(name = "general health")

这种方法还可以将educa_genhlth$educa保留在原始格式的数据框中，使您可以灵活地将其包装为其他图中的其他长度。

Answer 2

使用str_wrap重新排序您的因素。因此，您需要先包装一下，然后重新排列因子：

educa_genhlth$educa <- stringr::str_wrap(educa_genhlth$educa,10)
educa_genhlth$educa <-factor(educa_genhlth$educa,ordered=TRUE,
                             stringr::str_wrap(c("Never attended school or only kindergarten",
                               "Grades 1 through 8 (Elementary)",
                               "Grades 9 though 11 (Some high school)",
                               "Grade 12 or GED (High school graduate)",
                               "College 1 year to 3 years (Some college or technical school)",
                               "College 4 years or more (College graduate)"),10))




p<-ggplot(educa_genhlth,aes(x=educa,fill=genhlth))+geom_bar(position="fill")
q<-p+aes(educa)+labs(title="general health vs education background")+xlab(NULL)
r<-q+scale_fill_discrete(name="general health")
r

如何更改条形图的顺序（两个分类变量）

2 个答案: