我正在编写代码,基本上完成了一个主要问题。我已经编写了一个二进制搜索功能,返回找到的索引。每当我运行代码并搜索2的任意幂时,它便可以正常工作。但是,每当我输入其他任何数字(例如50)时,它都会返回错误。
在代码的末尾,我有一条else语句,该语句表明其他语句是否都没有返回值来返回NULL,所以我有点麻烦。谢谢。我在Xcode以及UNIX服务器上运行,但是我注释掉了在UNIX服务器上运行的行。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int* search(int* begin, int* end, int needle);
int main(int argc, char **argv) { //int argc = 1, char **argv array of char pointers
int num = 0;
int nums[10], i;
int *found = NULL;
if(argc != 2) {
printf("Enter a number to a power of 2 to search for:\n");
scanf("%d" , &num);
}
// num = atoi(argv[1]);
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // initialzes array by shifting binary code to the left adding powers of 2
nums[i] = 1 << i; }
found = search(nums, &nums[9], num);
if(found) {
printf("Number %d found in index %ld.\n", num, found - nums);
}
else {
printf("Number %d was not found.\n", num);
}
return 0;
}
int* search(int* begin, int* end, int needle){
int *middle = (end-begin)/2 + begin;
if(*middle == needle){
return middle;
}
else if(needle < *middle){
end = middle;
return search(begin, end-1, needle);
}
else if(needle > *middle)
{
begin = middle;
return search(begin+1, end, needle);
}
else
return NULL;
}
我希望main()函数中的else语句只要搜索到的值不在索引中就执行。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您的问题是您的递归没有基础
这样想:如果数字不在数组中,您的针将始终大于或小于中间针
这意味着它永远不会到达最后,它总是会递归递增或递减,直到尝试取消引用乱码,从而导致分段错误
您需要的是将旧的基本案例添加到二进制搜索中,如下所示:
int* search(int* begin, int* end, int needle) {
int *middle = (end-begin)/2 + begin;
if(begin == end) {
//recursion ends when there are no more segments to divide in two
//so after your final single element segment, a decrement or increment will happen
//making your end and begin pointers the same
return NULL;
}
else if(*middle == needle) {
return middle;
}
else if(needle < *middle) {
end = middle;
return search(begin, end-1, needle);
}
else if(needle > *middle) {
begin = middle;
return search(begin+1, end, needle);
}
}