sql-选择两个表的慢速

时间:2019-01-30 14:44:54

标签: sql mariadb

我的mariadb数据库中有两个表A和B:

我的请求非常慢,需要3分钟,需要索引18.028秒。

sql请求:

select A.Cid, A.time, A.step, B.cpu 
from A
join B on B.CID2 = A.CID group by A.CID;

第一个表A:

+------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+
| CID  | time                | step               | time_in_seconde |
+------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+
|    3 | 2017-07-27 06:35:52 | gege               |          13.229 |
|    4 | 2017-07-27 06:36:56 | titi               |          12.823 |
|    5 | 2017-07-27 06:55:04 | fefe               |          12.667 |
344039 rows in set (1.239 sec)

第二张表B(:

+------+---------------------+-----------------+
| CID2 | time                | cpu             |
+------+---------------------+-----------------+
|    3 | 2017-07-27 06:35:52 |          0.01   |
|    4 | 2017-07-27 06:36:56 |          0.05   |
|    5 | 2017-07-27 06:55:04 |          0.03   |
51639 rows in set (0.181 sec)

请求结果:

+------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| CID  | time                | step               | time_in_seconde | cpu             |
+------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|    3 | 2017-07-27 06:35:52 | gege               |          13.229 |          0.01   |
|    4 | 2017-07-27 06:36:56 | titi               |          12.823 |          0.05   |
|    5 | 2017-07-27 06:55:04 | fefe               |          12.667 |          0.03   |

组中405行(3分18.028秒)

mariadb配置:

+--------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Variable_name                                          | Value                |
+--------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+
| aria_block_size                                        | 8192                 |
| aria_log_file_size                                     | 1073741824           |
| aria_max_sort_file_size                                | 9223372036853727232  |
| aria_pagecache_buffer_size                             | 134217728            |
| aria_pagecache_file_hash_size                          | 512                  |
| aria_sort_buffer_size                                  | 268434432            |
| binlog_cache_size                                      | 32768                |
| binlog_file_cache_size                                 | 16384                |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                                 | 32768                |
| bulk_insert_buffer_size                                | 8388608              |
| delayed_queue_size                                     | 1000                 |
| histogram_size                                         | 0                    |
| host_cache_size                                        | 279                  |
| innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size                          | 134217728            |
| innodb_buffer_pool_size                                | 536870912            |
| innodb_change_buffer_max_size                          | 25                   |
| innodb_ft_cache_size                                   | 8000000              |
| innodb_ft_max_token_size                               | 84                   |
| innodb_ft_min_token_size                               | 3                    |
| innodb_ft_total_cache_size                             | 640000000            |
| innodb_log_buffer_size                                 | 16777216             |
| innodb_log_file_size                                   | 50331648             |
| innodb_log_write_ahead_size                            | 8192                 |
| innodb_max_undo_log_size                               | 10485760             |
| innodb_online_alter_log_max_size                       | 134217728            |
| innodb_page_size                                       | 16384                |
| innodb_purge_batch_size                                | 300                  |
| innodb_sort_buffer_size                                | 1048576              |
| innodb_sync_array_size                                 | 1                    |
| join_buffer_size                                       | 134217728            |
| key_buffer_size                                        | 134217728            |
| key_cache_block_size                                   | 1024                 |
| key_cache_file_hash_size                               | 512                  |
| large_page_size                                        | 0                    |
| log_tc_size                                            | 24576                |
| max_binlog_cache_size                                  | 18446744073709547520 |
| max_binlog_size                                        | 1073741824           |
| max_binlog_stmt_cache_size                             | 18446744073709547520 |
| max_heap_table_size                                    | 16777216             |
| max_join_size                                          | 18446744073709551615 |
| max_long_data_size                                     | 16777216             |
| max_relay_log_size                                     | 1073741824           |
| metadata_locks_cache_size                              | 1024                 |
| mrr_buffer_size                                        | 262144               |
| myisam_block_size                                      | 1024                 |
| myisam_data_pointer_size                               | 6                    |
| myisam_max_sort_file_size                              | 9223372036853727232  |
| myisam_mmap_size                                       | 18446744073709551615 |
| myisam_sort_buffer_size                                | 134216704            |
| performance_schema_accounts_size                       | -1                   |
| performance_schema_digests_size                        | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_stages_history_long_size     | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_stages_history_size          | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_statements_history_long_size | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_statements_history_size      | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_waits_history_long_size      | -1                   |
| performance_schema_events_waits_history_size           | -1                   |
| performance_schema_hosts_size                          | -1                   |
| performance_schema_session_connect_attrs_size          | -1                   |
| performance_schema_setup_actors_size                   | 100                  |
| performance_schema_setup_objects_size                  | 100                  |
| performance_schema_users_size                          | -1                   |
| preload_buffer_size                                    | 32768                |
| profiling_history_size                                 | 15                   |
| query_alloc_block_size                                 | 16384                |
| query_cache_size                                       | 0                    |
| query_prealloc_size                                    | 24576                |
| range_alloc_block_size                                 | 4096                 |
| read_buffer_size                                       | 131072               |
| read_rnd_buffer_size                                   | 262144               |
| rowid_merge_buff_size                                  | 8388608              |
| sort_buffer_size                                       | 2097152              |
| thread_cache_size                                      | 4                    |
| thread_pool_size                                       | 2                    |
| tmp_disk_table_size                                    | 18446744073709551615 |
| tmp_memory_table_size                                  | 16777216             |
| tmp_table_size                                         | 16777216             |
| transaction_alloc_block_size                           | 8192                 |
| transaction_prealloc_size                              | 4096                 |
| wsrep_max_ws_size                                      | 2147483647           |
+--------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+

我的配置:

[root /]#免费-m               总可用免费共享buff /缓存可用 内存:3788 1177 143 10 2467 2326 掉期:1535 284 1251

处理器:Intel Celeron_4x0(Conroe / Merom类核心2)

我的问题是如何提高我的请求速度?

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

group by中有“裸”列-这将在几乎所有数据库中产生错误。

以下内容可能会更快:

select A.Cid, A.time, A.step,
       (select B.cpu 
        from B 
        where B.CID2 = A.CID
        limit 1
       ) as cpu
from A;

为了提高性能,您需要在B(CID2, cpu)上建立索引。

请注意,这实际上是LEFT JOIN,而不是INNER JOIN。如果这是一个重要的区别(即您确实只希望两个表之间匹配的行),则添加:

having cpu is not null

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以尝试优化JOIN

        select distinct Cid
                , time
                , step
                , cpu 
        from A
        INNER JOIN B ON B.CID2=A.CID 

为yhis添加适当的索引,因此请确保您在表b上进行索引

create index  idx1  on B(CID2)

并在表上添加一个复合冗余索引

    create index  idx2  on A(CID,time, step, cpu )

您应避免使用不带聚集功能的分组方式,以得到与众不同的结果(为此使用不带聚集功能的组,在最新的mysql版本中会产生错误,而对于较旧的mysql版本则会产生不可预测的结果) 并且您应该避免使用旧的隐式联接sintax,但是使用显式的结果相同,但是显式的语法更清晰

答案 2 :(得分:0)

您为什么使用“分组依据”?

尝试一下:

select Cid, A.time, step, cpu from A,B where B.CID2=A.CID 

答案 3 :(得分:0)

@Gordon Linoff不起作用:

选择A.Cid,A.time,A.step,        (选择B.cpu         从B         其中B.CID2 = A.CID         限制1        )作为cpu 来自A;