要求:
将输入的整数或十进制转换为数组,并将可能包含十进制的整数数组转换为数字。
限制:
在此过程中,请勿使用字符串方法或将输入或输出转换为字符串(在所编写的每个版本的代码中均会施加自我限制)。
上下文和用例
BigInt
在某些浏览器中可用,但不是BigDecimal
。应该可以使用JavaScript编程语言将整数或十进制转换为数组,并将数组转换为整数或十进制。在此过程中,不需要将输入和输出转换为字符串。
能够通过调整数组的 n 个索引处的十进制或整数来调整整数或十进制的 n 个位数,从而尝试直接求解OEIS A217626例子
~~(128.625*9*1.074)//1243
~~(128.625*9*1.144)//1324
可以通过引用数组的索引来操纵小数部分,然后将数组转换回数字。
当前规范是WIP,要描述与输入小数部分相关的处理(尤其是存在前导零的位置)可能是具有挑战性的。
Input <----------> Output
-123 [-1,-2,-3]
4.4 [4,0.4]
44.44 [4,4,0.4,4]
-0.01 [-0.01]
123 [1,2,3]
200 [2,0,0]
2.718281828459 [2,0.7,1,8,2,8,1,8,2,8,4,5,8,9]
321.7000000001 [3,2,1,0.7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
809.56 [8,0,9,0.5,6]
1.61803398874989 [1,0.6,1,8,0,3,3,9,8,8,7,4,9,8,9]
1.999 [1,0.9,9,9]
100.01 [1,0,0,0.01]
545454.45 [5,4,5,4,5,4,0.4,5]
-7 [-7]
-83.782 [-8,-3,-0.7,-8,-2]
1.5 [1,0.5]
100.0001 [1,0,0,0.0001]
从本质上讲,我正在尝试将整数或十进制数散布到数组中。将数字或整数转换为数组的函数必须能够转换为生成器函数,以实现
[...Math.E] -> [2, 0.7, 1, 8, 2, 8, 1, 8, 2, 8, 4, 5, 9] -> 2.718281828459
通过将函数的值Number.prototype[Symbol.iterator]
设置为numberToArray
。
该代码的最新版本(某些概念和原始代码基于Get decimal portion of a number with JavaScript; Converting int value to String without using toString and parseInt method; Convert integer to array of digits的问题和答案),其中包含两个来自arrayToNumber
100.05010000000497
的测试用例结果输出中的错误应该是100.00015
,而-83.082
应该是-83.782
。
function numberToArray(n) {
if (Math.abs(n) == 0 || Math.abs(n) == -0) {
return [n]
}
const r = [];
let [
a, int = Number.isInteger(a), d = g = [], e = i = 0
] = [ n || this.valueOf()];
if (!int) {
let e = ~~a;
d = a - e;
do {
if (d < 1) ++i;
d *= 10;
} while (!Number.isInteger(d));
}
for (; ~~a; r.unshift(~~(a % 10)), a /= 10);
if (!int) {
for (; ~~d; g.unshift(~~(d % 10)), d /= 10);
g[0] = g[0] * (1 * (10 ** -i))
r.push(...g);
}
return r;
}
function arrayToNumber(a) {
if ((Math.abs(a[0]) == 0 || Math.abs(a[0]) == -0)
&& a.length == 1) return a[0];
const [
g, r = x => x.length == 1
? x[0]
: x.length === 0
? x
: x.reduce((a, b) => a + b)
, b = a.find(x => g(x)), p = a.findIndex(x => g(x))
] = [x => !Number.isInteger(x)];
let [i, j] = [b ? p : a.length, -1];
return a.length === 1
? a[0]
: b && p
? r(a.slice(0, p).map(x => i ? x * (10 ** --i) : x))
+ (a[p] + (a[p + 1] !== undefined
? r(a.slice(p + 1).map(x => x * (10 ** --j)))
: 0))
: r(a.map(x => i ? x * (10 ** --i) : x))
}
let tests = [0, 200, 100.00015, -123, 4.4, 44.44, -0.01, 123
, 2.718281828459, 321.7000000001, 809.56
, 1.61803398874989, 1.999, 100.01, 545454.45
, -7, -83.782, 12, 1.50, 100.0001];
let arrays = tests.map(n => [...numberToArray(n)]);
let numbers = arrays.map(n => arrayToNumber(n));
console.log({tests, arrays, numbers});
问题:
答案 0 :(得分:9)
numberToArray()
:我已经为您的实现工作了一段时间,并认为首先要分析numberToArray()
方法。首先,我决定创建一种分析十进制数字的方法,并从中返回关于statistics
的信息,基本上是从代码的这一部分获取的信息:
if (!int) {
let e = ~~a;
d = a - e;
do {
if (d < 1) ++i;
d *= 10;
} while (!Number.isInteger(d));
}
我所采用的方法是下一个(将在numberToArray()
中使用),基本上可以得到下一个信息:
1)十进制数字(作为整数)的整数部分(iSection
)。
2)十进制数字(作为整数)的小数部分(dSection
)。
3)点(dDigits
)后的位数。
4)点(dZeros
)之后的前导零的数量。
function getDecimalStats(dec)
{
let dDigits = 0, test = dec, factor = 1, dZeros = 0;
// Store the integer section of the decimal number.
let iSection = ~~dec;
// Get the numbers of digits and zeros after the comma.
while (!Number.isInteger(test))
{
factor = Math.pow(10, ++dDigits);
test = dec * factor;
dZeros += Math.abs(test - (iSection * factor)) < 1 ? 1 : 0;
}
// Store the decimal section as integer.
let dSection = test - (iSection * factor);
// Return an object with all statistics.
return {iSection, dSection, dZeros, dDigits};
};
console.log(getDecimalStats(10.001));
console.log(getDecimalStats(-210.1));
console.log(getDecimalStats(-0.00001));
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当然,如果您不喜欢,可以将相同的逻辑直接放在numberToArray()
方法中。因此,在执行上一个功能之后,我对您的代码进行了一些重组,并添加了一些注释以帮助我了解您在做什么。最后,在修改您的代码之后,我发现错误地映射到数组主要是因为使用浮点数进行运算时的算术精度。经过一段时间的研究,我找到了一个基于数学correction factor
的解决方案(应用该代码时会对它进行注释)。总而言之,直到这时,我才提出numberToArray()
方法的下一个解决方案。
function getDecimalStats(dec)
{
let dDigits = 0, test = dec, factor = 1, dZeros = 0;
// Store the integer section of the decimal number.
let iSection = ~~dec;
// Get the numbers of digits and zeros after the comma.
while (!Number.isInteger(test))
{
factor = Math.pow(10, ++dDigits);
test = dec * factor;
dZeros += Math.abs(test - (iSection * factor)) < 1 ? 1 : 0;
}
// Store the decimal section as integer.
let dSection = test - (iSection * factor);
// Return an object with all statistics.
return {iSection, dSection, dZeros, dDigits};
};
function numberToArray(n)
{
let r = [];
if (Math.abs(n) == 0)
return [n];
let [a, int = Number.isInteger(a), g = []] = [n || this.valueOf()];
// Get the stats of the decimal number.
let {dSection, dZeros} = getDecimalStats(a);
// Push the integer part on the array.
for (; ~~a; r.unshift(~~(a % 10)), a /= 10);
// Push the decimal part on the array.
if (!int)
{
// Push decimal digits on temporal array "g".
for (; ~~dSection; g.unshift(~~(dSection % 10)), dSection /= 10);
// Define the correction factor for the next operation.
let cf = 10 ** (++dZeros);
// Map g[0] to a decimal number and push elements on the array.
g[0] = (g[0] * cf) * ((10 ** -dZeros) * cf) / (cf * cf);
r.push(...g);
}
return r;
}
let tests = [
0, 200, 100.00015, -123, 4.4, 44.44, -0.01, 123,
2.718281828459, 321.7000000001, 809.56,
1.61803398874989, 1.999, 100.01, 545454.45,
-7, -83.782, 12, 1.50, 100.0001
];
let arrays = tests.map(n => [...numberToArray(n)]);
console.log({tests, arrays});
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arrayToNumber()
:为此,我决定自己动手(实际上无视您当前的逻辑)。下一种方法将使用前面提到的getDecimalStats()
,主要使用Array::reduce():
function getDecimalStats(dec)
{
let dDigits = 0, test = dec, factor = 1, dZeros = 0;
// Store the integer section of the decimal number.
let iSection = ~~dec;
// Get the numbers of digits and zeros after the comma.
while (!Number.isInteger(test))
{
factor = Math.pow(10, ++dDigits);
test = dec * factor;
dZeros += Math.abs(test - (iSection * factor)) < 1 ? 1 : 0;
}
// Store the decimal section as integer.
let dSection = test - (iSection * factor);
// Return an object with all statistics.
return {iSection, dSection, dZeros, dDigits};
};
function arrayToNumber(a)
{
// Get the index of the first decimal number.
let firstDecIdx = a.findIndex(
x => Math.abs(x) > 0 && Math.abs(x) < 1
);
// Get stats about the previous decimal number.
let {dZeros} = getDecimalStats(firstDecIdx >= 0 ? a[firstDecIdx] : 0);
// Normalize firstDecIdx.
firstDecIdx = firstDecIdx < 0 ? a.length : firstDecIdx;
// Reduce the array to get the number.
let number = a.reduce(
({num, dIdx, dPow}, n, i) =>
{
// Define the correction factor.
let cf = 10 ** (dPow + i - dIdx);
if (i < dIdx)
num += n * (10 ** (dIdx - i - 1));
else if (i === dIdx)
num = ((num * cf) + (n * cf)) / cf;
else
num = ((num * cf) + n) / cf;
return {num, dIdx, dPow};
},
{num: 0, dIdx: firstDecIdx, dPow: ++dZeros}
);
return number.num;
}
let tests = [
[0],
[2, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0.0001, 5],
[-1, -2, -3],
[4, 0.4],
[4, 4, 0.4, 4],
[-0.01],
[1, 2, 3],
[2, 0.7, 1, 8, 2, 8, 1, 8, 2, 8, 4, 5, 9],
[3, 2, 1, 0.7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[8, 0, 9, 0.5, 6],
[1, 0.6, 1, 8, 0, 3, 3, 9, 8, 8, 7, 4, 9, 8, 9],
[1, 0.9, 9, 9],
[1, 0, 0, 0.01],
[5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 0.4, 5, 0],
[-7],
[-8,-3, -0.7, -8, -2],
[1, 2],
[1, 0.5],
[1, 0, 0, 0.0001]
];
let numbers = tests.map(n => arrayToNumber(n));
console.log(numbers);
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最后,我希望您能珍惜我的努力,并且显然我的解决方案可以进行很多改进(因此,欢迎提出任何建议)。例如,目前没有或很少进行安全检查。