我有一个使用泛型的网络层,并且正在使用协议,以便稍后进行测试。我已遵循本教程https://medium.com/thecocoapps/network-layer-in-swift-4-0-972bf2ea5033
这是我的模拟测试:
import Foundation
@testable import TraktTest
class MockUrlSessionProvider: ProviderProtocol {
enum Mode {
case success
case empty
case fail
}
private var mode: Mode
init(mode: Mode) {
self.mode = mode
}
func request<T>(type: T.Type, service: ServiceProtocol, completion: @escaping (NetworkResponse<T>) -> Void) where T: Decodable {
switch mode {
case .success: completion(NetworkResponse.success(T))
case .empty: completion(.failure(.noData))
case .fail: completion(.failure(.unknown("Error")))
}
}
}
此行出现错误:Cannot convert value of type 'NetworkResponse<T.Type>' to expected argument type 'NetworkResponse<_>'
:completion(NetworkResponse.success(T))
如果将其发送给完成成功,它将进行编译:
try? JSONDecoder().decode(T.self, from: data!)
(我使用编码和模型创建的虚拟数据),但进入模型时会崩溃,因为尽管我已经使用JSONEncoder()对正确的模型进行了编码,但还是无效。
我认为它是可行的,因为在我的类中使用了与我的应用中实现ProviderProtocol相同的逻辑:
final class URLSessionProvider: ProviderProtocol {
private var session: URLSessionProtocol
init(session: URLSessionProtocol = URLSession.shared) {
self.session = session
}
func request<T>(type: T.Type, service: ServiceProtocol, completion: @escaping (NetworkResponse<T>) -> Void) where T: Decodable {
let request = URLRequest(service: service)
session.dataTask(request: request) { [weak self] data, response, error in
let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse
self?.handleDataResponse(data: data, response: httpResponse, error: error, completion: completion)
}.resume()
}
private func handleDataResponse<T: Decodable>(data: Data?, response: HTTPURLResponse?, error: Error?, completion: (NetworkResponse<T>) -> Void) {
guard error == nil else { return completion(.failure(.unknown(error?.localizedDescription ?? "Error"))) }
guard let response = response else { return completion(.failure(.unknown("no_response".localized()))) }
switch response.statusCode {
case 200...299:
guard let data = data, let model = try? JSONDecoder().decode(T.self, from: data) else { return completion(.failure(.noData)) }
completion(.success(model))
default: completion(.failure(.unknown("no_response".localized())))
}
}
}
URLSessionProtocol只是一种协议,其方法dataTask与URLSession.shared中的方法相同(接收URLRequest并在完成时返回Data,Response和Error)。
“我的网络”回复是几个枚举:
enum NetworkResponse<T> {
case success(T)
case failure(NetworkError)
}
enum NetworkError {
case unknown(String)
case noData
}
我的提供程序协议仅具有使用泛型发出请求的功能:
protocol ProviderProtocol {
func request<T>(type: T.Type, service: ServiceProtocol, completion: @escaping(NetworkResponse<T>) -> Void) where T: Decodable
}
我认为我不需要在测试中使用ServiceProtocol,因为它是使用端点,标头,正文,id等设置请求的。但这是我创建的协议:
typealias Headers = [String: String]
typealias Parameters = [String: Any]
protocol ServiceProtocol {
func baseURL() -> URL
var path: String? { get }
var id: String? { get }
var method: HTTPMethod { get }
var task: Task { get }
var headers: Headers? { get }
var parametersEncoding: ParametersEncoding { get }
}
enum HTTPMethod: String {
case get = "GET"
case post = "POST"
}
enum Task {
case requestPlain
case requestParameters(Parameters)
}
enum ParametersEncoding {
case url
case json
}
在我的应用中,我有一个实现ProviderProtocol的类,并在某些viewModel用适当的模型调用请求时使用URLSession.shared来创建dataTask。
我经常使用协议和特定模型进行测试,但使用泛型向我显示该错误。如何实现使用泛型的模拟提供程序,以便可以测试使用不同类型的模型(存根)进行网络调用的任何viewModel。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
发生错误是因为NetworkResponse
需要T
的实例,而模拟程序试图提供实际的T
。
因此,您需要以某种方式提供一个实例,但是该实例无法由模拟生成,因为它没有有关如何构造实例的足够信息。
我建议在创建模拟时从外部注入成功值。您可以通过使模拟类通用或使Mode
枚举通用来实现。下面是后者的示例实现:
class MockUrlSessionProvider: ProviderProtocol {
// making the enum generic, to support injecting the success value
enum Mode<T> {
case success(T)
case empty
case fail
}
// need to have this as `Any` to cover all possible T generic arguments
private var mode: Any
// however the initializer can be very specific
init<T>(mode: Mode<T>) {
self.mode = mode
}
func request<T>(type: T.Type, service: ServiceProtocol, completion: @escaping (NetworkResponse<T>) -> Void) where T: Decodable {
// if the mock was not properly configured, do nothing
guard let mode = mode as? Mode<T> else { return }
// alternatively you force cast and have the unit test crash, this should help catching early configuration issues
// let mode = mode as! Mode<T>
switch mode {
case let .success(value): completion(NetworkResponse.success(value))
case .empty: completion(.failure(.noData))
case .fail: completion(.failure(.unknown("Error")))
}
}
}