我正在使用urllib2从ftp和http服务器加载文件。
某些服务器每个IP仅支持一个连接。问题是,urllib2不会立即关闭连接。看一下示例程序。
from urllib2 import urlopen
from time import sleep
url = 'ftp://user:pass@host/big_file.ext'
def load_file(url):
f = urlopen(url)
loaded = 0
while True:
data = f.read(1024)
if data == '':
break
loaded += len(data)
f.close()
#sleep(1)
print('loaded {0}'.format(loaded))
load_file(url)
load_file(url)
代码从ftp-server加载两个文件(这里两个文件是相同的),只支持1个连接。这将打印以下日志:
loaded 463675266
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "conection_test.py", line 20, in <module>
load_file(url)
File "conection_test.py", line 7, in load_file
f = urlopen(url)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 126, in urlopen
return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 391, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 409, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 369, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 1331, in ftp_open
fw = self.connect_ftp(user, passwd, host, port, dirs, req.timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 1352, in connect_ftp
fw = ftpwrapper(user, passwd, host, port, dirs, timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib.py", line 854, in __init__
self.init()
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib.py", line 860, in init
self.ftp.connect(self.host, self.port, self.timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/ftplib.py", line 134, in connect
self.welcome = self.getresp()
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/ftplib.py", line 216, in getresp
raise error_temp, resp
urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error ftp error: 421 There are too many connections from your internet address.>
因此第一个文件被加载而第二个文件失败,因为第一个连接没有关闭。
但是当我在sleep(1)
之后使用f.close()
时,错误不会发生:
loaded 463675266
loaded 463675266
有没有办法强制关闭连接,以便第二次下载不会失败?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
原因确实是文件描述符泄漏。我们还发现,使用jython,问题比cpython更明显。 一位同事提出了这个解决方案:
fdurl = urllib2.urlopen(req,timeout=self.timeout) realsock = fdurl.fp._sock.fp._sock** # we want to close the "real" socket later req = urllib2.Request(url, header) try: fdurl = urllib2.urlopen(req,timeout=self.timeout) except urllib2.URLError,e: print "urlopen exception", e realsock.close() fdurl.close()
修复很难看,但是做了工作,没有“太多的开放连接”。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
Biggie:我认为这是因为连接不是shutdown()。
注意close()释放资源 与连接相关但是确实如此 不一定关闭连接 立即。如果你想关闭 及时联系,打电话 close()之前的shutdown()。
你可以在f.close()之前尝试这样的事情:
import socket
f.fp._sock.fp._sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
(是的..如果有效,那就不对了(tm),但你会知道问题是什么。)
答案 2 :(得分:3)
对于Python 2.7.1 urllib2确实泄漏了文件描述符: https://bugs.pypy.org/issue867
答案 3 :(得分:0)
简而言之:
import contextlib
with contextlib.closing(urllib.urlopen(u)) as x:
# ...