交互验证tkinter中的Entry窗口小部件内容(第2部分-更改entry对象的属性)

时间:2019-01-29 12:33:37

标签: python validation tkinter tkinter-entry

我正在尝试使用答案中的验证程序:Interactively validating Entry widget content in tkinter

我想通过检查输入类型来更改背景颜色。不幸的是,我无法将入口指针传递给验证功能:vcmd = (self.register(self.onValidate), '%d', '%i', '%P', '%s', '%S', '%v', '%V', '%W')。因此,我尝试了这一点:

    self.entry = tk.Entry(self, validate="all")
    self.entry['validatecommand'] = self.onValidate2(self.entry)

但这只能使用一次。您能否解释一下访问验证函数(或其他验证函数)的对象的最佳方法是什么,为什么我的validatecommand用法只能使用一次?

这是上面链接中的完整代码,并进行了一些更正:

import tkinter as tk  # python 3.x
# import Tkinter as tk # python 2.x

class Example(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)

        # valid percent substitutions (from the Tk entry man page)
        # note: you only have to register the ones you need; this
        # example registers them all for illustrative purposes
        #
        # %d = Type of action (1=insert, 0=delete, -1 for others)
        # %i = index of char string to be inserted/deleted, or -1
        # %P = value of the entry if the edit is allowed
        # %s = value of entry prior to editing
        # %S = the text string being inserted or deleted, if any
        # %v = the type of validation that is currently set
        # %V = the type of validation that triggered the callback
        #      (key, focusin, focusout, forced)
        # %W = the tk name of the widget

        vcmd = (self.register(self.onValidate),
                '%d', '%i', '%P', '%s', '%S', '%v', '%V', '%W')
 #       self.entry = tk.Entry(self, validate="key", validatecommand=vcmd)
        self.entry = tk.Entry(self, validate="all")
#        self.entry['validatecommand'] = vcmd
        self.entry['validatecommand'] = self.onValidate2(self.entry)
        self.text = tk.Text(self, height=10, width=40)
        self.entry.pack(side="top", fill="x")
        self.text.pack(side="bottom", fill="both", expand=True)

def onValidate(self, d, i, P, s, S, v, V, W):
        self.text.delete("1.0", "end")
        self.text.insert("end","OnValidate:\n")
        self.text.insert("end","d='%s'\n" % d)
        self.text.insert("end","i='%s'\n" % i)
        self.text.insert("end","P='%s'\n" % P)
        self.text.insert("end","s='%s'\n" % s)
        self.text.insert("end","S='%s'\n" % S)
        self.text.insert("end","v='%s'\n" % v)
        self.text.insert("end","V='%s'\n" % V)
        self.text.insert("end","W='%s'\n" % W)
        self.text.insert("end","W='%s'\n" % W)
        W.config({"background": "Red"})

        # Disallow anything but lowercase letters
        if S == S.lower():
            return True
        else:
            self.bell()
            return False


    def onValidate2(self, entry):
        try:
            entry.config({"background": "White"})
            value = int(entry.get())
            print("Int Value=",value)
#                return int(value)
        except ValueError:
            entry.config({"background": "Red"})

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    Example(root).pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    root.mainloop()

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

  

我无法将入口指针传递给验证功能

您可以传递条目小部件的名称,然后使用tkinter的nametowidget方法将该名称转换为小部件的实例。

  

您能否解释一下...为什么我的validatecommand用法只能使用一次?

您未正确配置validate命令。考虑以下代码:

self.entry['validatecommand'] = self.onValidate2(self.entry)

上面的代码在功能上与此相同:

result = self.onValidate2(self.entry)
self.entry['validatecommand'] = result

换句话说,您正在立即调用验证函数,然后将validatecommand选项设置为Nonevalidationcommand选项必须设置为 callable


这是您要实现的目标的一个有效示例。通常,validate命令必须为有效条目返回True,为无效条目返回False,但是我猜测您实际上是想允许无效条目,而只是想将背景变成红色。

此示例创建了多个条目窗口小部件,因此您可以通过将窗口小部件的名称传递给验证功能来看到单个验证功能可用于多个窗口小部件。

import tkinter as tk

class Example(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)

        vcmd = self.register(self.onValidate)

        for i in range(4):
            entry = tk.Entry(self, validate="all")
            entry.configure(validatecommand=(vcmd, "%W", "%P"))
            entry.pack(side="top", fill="x")

    def onValidate(self, entry_name, new_value):
        entry = self.nametowidget(entry_name)
        entry.configure(background="white")
        try:
            int(new_value)
        except ValueError:
            entry.configure(background="red")
        return True

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    Example(root).pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    root.mainloop()