Question

我正在使用pygame / python，Tiled for .tmx文件和Richard Jones的tmx库为受Pokemon严重影响的游戏创建基于图块的2d游戏世界。我使用的代码主要基于python中的Pallet Town的this精彩演示。

游戏运行正常，但是，当让玩家精灵消失在地图上时，我在使地图上的瓷砖（例如房屋，树木）与玩家精灵重叠时遇到了问题。例如：在图像here中，深度感知原理会告诉我们，前景中的房子应该遮挡背景中的玩家，但是由于地图是2D的，因此没有深度，因此也没有遮挡。我想增加深度，但是由于我对pygame（和python来说）很陌生，所以我对如何在sprite上绘制相关的前景对象感到困惑。

幸运的是，在这个问题上我并不孤单，关于可能的解决方案的文档很多。例如：

但是，此代码通常不是为python编写的，我不确定如何在我的情况下实现它。按z位置（或按“ depth”属性）进行排序/绘制似乎是最明智的做法，但是在tmx库中，我只能找到提到的x和y值。将播放器精灵添加到Tiled中的空对象层也是一种解决方案，但是我仍然不确定如何执行此操作，并且我的所有尝试都导致了错误消息。（这里没有尝试详细说明，因为老实说我不知道自己做了什么，而且还是不管用。）

我当前的代码如下：

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, location, collStart, orientation, *groups):
        super(Player, self).__init__(*groups)
        self.image = pygame.image.load('sprites/player.png')
        self.imageDefault = self.image.copy()
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(location, (26,26))
        self.collider = pygame.Rect(collStart, (13,13))
        self.orient = orientation 
        self.holdTime = 0
        self.walking = False
        self.dx = 0
        self.step = 'rightFoot'
        # Set default orientation
        self.setSprite()
        self.speed = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 50  # slows down walking speed 
        by .5 sec (current time + 50 ms)


    def setSprite(self):
        # this function contains information about where to find which sprite 
        in the sprite sheet, probably not relevant here.

    def update(self, dt, game):
        key = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= self.speed:
            self.speed = pygame.time.get_ticks() + 50
            # Setting orientation and sprite based on key input, removed the 
            #code here because it wasn't relevant
            #[....]   
            # Walking mode enabled if a button is held for 0.1 seconds
            if self.holdTime >= 100:
                self.walking = True
            lastRect = self.rect.copy()
            lastColl = self.collider.copy() # collider covers the bottom section of the sprite
            # Code for walking in the direction the player is facing, not relevant here
            #[....]      
            # Collision detection:
            # Reset to the previous rectangle if player collides
            # with anything in the foreground layer
            if len(game.tilemap.layers['triggers'].collide(self.collider,
                                                            'solid')) > 0:
                self.rect = lastRect
                self.collider = lastColl
            # Area entry detection, loads dialog screen from the dialog file:
            elif len(game.tilemap.layers['triggers'].collide(self.collider,
                                                            'entry')) > 0:
                entryCell = game.tilemap.layers['triggers'].find('entry')[0]
                game.fadeOut()
                run()
                pygame.quit()
                quit()

                return
            if self.dx == 16:
                # Makes the player appear to take steps w/ different feet, not relevant here
            #[....]
            # After traversing 32 pixels, the walking animation is done
            if self.dx == 32:
                self.walking = False
                self.setSprite()
                self.dx = 0

            game.tilemap.set_focus(self.rect.x, self.rect.y)

class Game(object):
    def __init__(self, screen):
        self.screen = screen

    def initArea(self, mapFile):
        """Load maps and initialize sprite layers for each new area"""
        self.tilemap = tmx.load(mapFile, screen.get_size())
        self.players = tmx.SpriteLayer()
        self.objects = tmx.SpriteLayer()
        # In case there is no sprite layer for the current map
        except KeyError:
            pass
        else:
            self.tilemap.layers.append(self.objects)
        # Initializing player sprite
        startCell = self.tilemap.layers['triggers'].find('playerStart')[0]
        self.player = Player((startCell.px, startCell.py), (startCell.px, 
        startCell.bottom-4),
                             startCell['playerStart'], self.players)
        self.tilemap.layers.append(self.players)
        self.tilemap.set_focus(self.player.rect.x, self.player.rect.y)  

    def main(self):
        clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        self.initArea('test tilemap.tmx')

        while 1:
            dt = clock.tick(30)

            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    return
                if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                    return

            self.tilemap.update(dt, self)
            screen.fill((0,0,0))
            self.tilemap.draw(self.screen)
            pygame.display.flip()

我再次使用发现的here的tmx库。也许在那里需要更改某些内容？希望有人可以帮助我解决这个问题。正如python中的this pokemon clone所示，这绝对有可能（可惜没有可用的源代码）。另外，初次使用StackOverflow的用户也要告知我是否要提交任何伪通行证:)

Answer 1

想通了！正如Kingsley在评论中所建议的那样，解决方案是更改图层的绘制顺序。图层是按Layers类中的列表顺序绘制的，其中，播放器精灵具有最高的索引，因此被绘制在其他所有元素之上。在列表中的背景层和前景层之间移动播放器会使其显示在前景对象的后面。为此，我在Game类的initArea函数中添加了以下代码：

  def initArea(self, mapFile):
    """Load maps and initialize sprite layers for each new area"""
    self.tilemap = tmx.load(mapFile, screen.get_size())
    self.players = tmx.SpriteLayer()
    self.objects = tmx.SpriteLayer()
    # Initializing player sprite
    startCell = self.tilemap.layers['triggers'].find('playerStart')[0]
    self.player = Player((startCell.px, startCell.py), (startCell.px, startCell.bottom-4),
                         startCell['playerStart'], self.players)
    foregroundItem = self.tilemap.layers.__getitem__("foreground") # finds the layer called foreground
    foregroundIndex = self.tilemap.layers.index(foregroundItem)  # finds the position of the foreground layer in the Layers list (Layers class specified in .tmx file)
    self.tilemap.layers.insert(foregroundIndex-1, self.players)  # move the Player layer one layer below the foreground layer
    self.tilemap.set_focus(self.player.rect.x, self.player.rect.y)

今晚我将做更多尝试，但目前看来该解决方案行之有效。感谢您的帮助！

在pygame中将瓷砖叠加到精灵上

1 个答案: