为什么GCC使用std::string而不是std::__cxx11::basic_string
这不是this的副本，因为我已经在使用其他版本。请在2秒内将其标记为重复之前，先阅读问题和解释。感谢您的耐心和理解 我也不认为this question是重复的，因为它仍然不能解释为什么GCC的行为是这样的，但是更多地解决了gcc和g ++之间的区别。
我已经手动安装了GCC8.2.0并从源代码进行了编译，一切似乎都正常了。将目录添加到/etc/ld.so.conf，然后再次运行ldconfig。但是，当我对其进行测试时，它仍在使用旧的libstdc ++库。
我想念什么？
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main()
{
std::string hey = "hello";
std::cout<<hey<<" world"<<std::endl;
return 0;
}
gcc -D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1 test.cpp -std=c++17 -lstdc++ --verbose -o test -Wl,--verbose >link.txt
编译输出：
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=/usr/local/gcc8.2/bin/gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Configured with: /root/gcc-8.2.0/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc8.2 --disable-multilib --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads
Thread model: posix
gcc version 8.2.0 (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/cc1plus -quiet -v -D_GNU_SOURCE -D _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1 test.cpp -quiet -dumpbase test.cpp -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase test -std=c++17 -version -o /tmp/cctBaif9.s
GNU C++17 (GCC) version 8.2.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
compiled by GNU C version 8.2.0, GMP version 6.0.0, MPFR version 3.1.1, MPC version 1.0.1, isl version none
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0
/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../include/c++/8.2.0/backward
/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/include
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/gcc8.2/include
/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/include-fixed
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C++17 (GCC) version 8.2.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
compiled by GNU C version 8.2.0, GMP version 6.0.0, MPFR version 3.1.1, MPC version 1.0.1, isl version none
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: ffbbe768b373e36d4dbebee8b6dad361
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
as -v --64 -o /tmp/ccY7GV78.o /tmp/cctBaif9.s
GNU assembler version 2.30 (x86_64-redhat-linux) using BFD version version 2.30-47.el7
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/collect2 -plugin /usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/local/gcc8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccuLLh38.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -o test /lib/../lib64/crt1.o /lib/../lib64/crti.o /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbegin.o -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0 -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64 -L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../.. /tmp/ccY7GV78.o -lstdc++ --verbose -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtend.o /lib/../lib64/crtn.o
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1' '-std=c++17' '-v' '-o' 'test' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
链接过程的相关部分：
attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/libstdc++.so failed
attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/libstdc++.a failed
attempt to open /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so succeeded
-lstdc++ (/usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so)
ls -lah /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 25 14:07 /usr/local/gcc8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/libstdc++.so -> libstdc++.so.6.0.25
问题：
nm -C a.out |grep string
U std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(char const*, std::allocator<char> const&)@@GLIBCXX_3.4
U std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()@@GLIBCXX_3.4
U std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)@@GLIBCXX_3.4
为什么这与这么老的GLIBCXX_3.4链接，我如何说服gcc（称为gcc）使用我想要的std::string？