Question

我正在尝试编写一个脚本来处理具有多个元素的网页。单击该元素将进入一个新窗口。但是我的脚本在识别元素方面存在问题。我需要帮助来定位元素并处理多个窗口

我尝试使用Chrome找到Xpath，但在Internet Explorer中却不一样。我也尝试过使用CSS选择器，但它不起作用。说这是无效的。

函数test_google_search_page的代码： def test_google_search_page（自己）： driver = self.driver driver.get（“ http://xxxx.com”） str1 = driver.title 打印（str1）

    #get the window handles using window_handles
    window_before=driver.window_handles[0]
    print(window_before)

    #driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*                   [@id='2ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe']/div/div")
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#\32  ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe > div > div")
    window_after=driver.window_handles[1]

    driver.switch_to.window(window_after)
    str2=driver.title
    print(str2)
    print(window_after)

    self.assertNotEqual(str1,str2)
    print('This window has a different title')
    driver.switch_to.window(window_before)

    self.assertEqual(str1,driver.title)
    print('Returned to parent window. Title now match')



ERROR: test_google_search_page (__main__.GoogleOrgSearch)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\PSWN672P\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Python programs\SNOW2.py", line 21, in test_google_search_page
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#\32 ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe > div > div")
  File "C:\Users\PSWN672P\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 598, in find_element_by_css_selector
    return self.find_element(by=By.CSS_SELECTOR, value=css_selector)
  File "C:\Users\PSWN672P\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 978, in find_element
    'value': value})['value']
  File "C:\Users\PSWN672P\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\Users\PSWN672P\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidSelectorException: Message: An invalid or illegal selector was specified

Answer 1

您的#\32 ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe > div > div CSS选择器实际上是无效。请参阅the CSS selector grammar specification。

您是说：#2ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe > div > div？即使如此，也无法在没有看到您要查找的页面和元素的HTML源代码的情况下为您提供特定的正确选择器。

2ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe ID本身虽然看起来是自动生成的，但您可能应该寻找替代的定位符才能找到所需的元素，本主题可能有助于您了解如何使用硒来定位元素：

What makes a good selenium locator?

Answer 2

此错误消息...

eg. 
  I have table Config of DB1:
     +--------+----------+
     |   ID   |  Status  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   1    |  Active  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   2    | Inactive |
     +--------+----------+
     |   3    |  Active  |
     +--------+----------+


  Here I have my DB2 with table Config
     +--------+----------+
     |   ID   |  Status  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   1    |  Active  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   2    |  Active  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   3    |  Active  |
     +--------+----------+
     |   4    | Inactive |
     +--------+----------+


 Output should be after the insertion of table Config data from DB2 to DB1:
         +--------+----------+
         |   ID   |  Status  |
         +--------+----------+
         |   1    |  Active  |
         +--------+----------+
         |   2    |  Active  |
         +--------+----------+
         |   3    |  Active  |
         +--------+----------+
         |   4    | Inactive |
         +--------+----------+

...表示 CssSelector 无效。

在存在相关HTML的情况下，构造最适合的 CssSelector 会更容易。但是，根据您的代码试用：

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#\32 ccb50dfc61122820032728dcea648fe > div > div") . selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidSelectorException: Message: An invalid or illegal selector was specified，因为 Id 的值看起来不正确。
\32是动态生成的内容。因此它也无法使用。

在这里您可以找到CSS Selector Reference

selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidSelectorException：消息：指定了无效或非法的选择器

2 个答案: