我有一个游戏，其中有两个由A＆D键控制的海豚。您必须躲避船，并捡起每条鱼。碰撞后如何删除图像？对于鱼，我想要它，因此如果您不打鱼（它经过海豚），则游戏将进入OVERSTATE。如果您确实碰到一条鱼，请删除图像，将1加到分数上，然后继续游戏。任何帮助表示赞赏！
图像和SFX：https://mega.nz/fm/zHohiSJD
# import modules
import pygame
import random
import os
# positions the game tab to the top left portion of the monitor
os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS'] = "%d, %d" % (0, 20)
# initializes pygame
pygame.init()
# set the caption
pygame.display.set_caption("Biomagnification")
SIZE = W, H = 400, 700 # determining the screen size of the game
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SIZE) # creating a display surface
clock = pygame.time.Clock() # creating a clock
# RGB colours
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BACKGROUND = (94, 194, 222)
STRIPE = (60, 160, 190)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
GREY = (80, 80, 80)
# states
MENUSTATE = 0
INFOSTATE = 1
GAMESTATE = 2
OVERSTATE = 3
# variables for dolphin movement
x1 = 30 # desired X position for the left dolphin/hitbox
x2 = 330 # desired X position for the right dolphin/hitbox
lane1 = 30
lane2 = 130
lane3 = 230
lane4 = 330
y = 530 # desired y value of the hitbox
width, height = (40, 64) # width and height of the hitbox
toggle1 = 0 # toggle for left dolphin
toggle2 = 0 # toggle for right dolphin
target_x1 = 30
target_x2 = 330
vel_x = 10 # speed at which the dolphins move
# fonts
menuFont = pygame.font.SysFont('impact', 60)
titleFont = pygame.font.SysFont('Impact', 40)
textFont = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 16)
text2Font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 20)
# method to blit text, taken from my university assignment 2
def blit_text(surface, string, pos, font, color=pygame.Color('black')):
words = [word.split(' ') for word in string.splitlines()] # 2D array where each row is a list of words.
space = font.size(' ')[0] # The width of a space.
max_width, max_height = surface.get_size()
x, y = pos
for line in words:
for word in line:
word_surface = font.render(word, 0, color)
word_width, word_height = word_surface.get_size()
if x + word_width >= max_width:
x = pos[0] # Reset the x.
y += word_height # Start on new row.
surface.blit(word_surface, (x, y))
x += word_width + space
x = pos[0] # Reset the x.
y += word_height # Start on new row.
def drawScene(): # used for drawing the background of the game
screen.fill(BACKGROUND) # fills the background with the colour ((94, 194, 222)
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE,
((200, 700), (300, 700), (400, 600), (400, 500))) # draws the different coloured stripes
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 700), (100, 700), (400, 400), (400, 300)))
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 500), (0, 600), (400, 200), (400, 100)))
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 300), (0, 400), (400, 0), (300, 0)))
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 100), (0, 200), (200, 0), (100, 0)))
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (100, 0), (100, 700), 2) # draws the white separating lines in the background
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (200, 0), (200, 700), 6)
pygame.draw.line(screen, WHITE, (300, 0), (300, 700), 2)
def drawMenu(button, mouseX, mouseY): # draws the menu screen
st = MENUSTATE
screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((300, 700), (400, 700), (400, 600))) # draws the different coloured stripes
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 100), (0, 0), (100, 0)))
string = "biomagnification"
blit_text(screen, string, (52, 80), titleFont, BLACK)
playRect = pygame.Rect(W // 3, (H // 4) + 30, W // 3, H // 10)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, playRect)
string = "play"
blit_text(screen, string, (146, 200), menuFont, BLACK)
infoRect = pygame.Rect(W // 3, (H // 2.5) + 30, W // 3, H // 10)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, infoRect)
string = "info"
blit_text(screen, string, (152, 307), menuFont, BLACK)
quitRect = pygame.Rect(W // 3, (H // 1.81) + 30, W // 3, H // 10)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, quitRect)
string = "quit"
blit_text(screen, string, (148, 410), menuFont, BLACK)
if button == 1:
if playRect.collidepoint(mouseX, mouseY) == True:
st = GAMESTATE
boatY = -100
boatY2 = -450
fishY = -800
fishY2 = -1150
elif infoRect.collidepoint(mouseX, mouseY) == True:
st = INFOSTATE
elif quitRect.collidepoint(mouseX, mouseY) == True:
pygame.quit()
pygame.display.update()
return st
def drawInfo(button, mouseX, mouseY): # draws the info screen
st = INFOSTATE
screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((300, 700), (400, 700), (400, 600))) # draws the different coloured stripes
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 100), (0, 0), (100, 0)))
string = "biomagnification:"
blit_text(screen, string, (50, 80), titleFont, BLACK)
textRect = pygame.Rect(0, (H // 4) + 30, W, H // 3)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, textRect)
string = "the process by which a compound increases its concentration in the tissues of organisms as it travels up the food chain."
blit_text(screen, string, (20, 135), textFont, BLACK)
string = "Magnesium, an element commonly found in E-Waste increases its concentration in tissue as it travels up the food chain."
blit_text(screen, string, (20, 230), textFont, BLACK)
string = "Score is measured in PPM (parts per million) of Mg."
blit_text(screen, string, (20, 300), textFont, BLACK)
string = "• Eat fish to increase your PPM of Mg!"
blit_text(screen, string, (20, 340), text2Font, BLACK)
string = "• Dodge fishing boats!"
blit_text(screen, string, (20, 380), text2Font, BLACK)
text2Rect = pygame.Rect(0, (H // 1.65) + 30, W, H // 5)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, text2Rect)
string = "Controls"
blit_text(screen, string, (165, 465), text2Font, BLACK)
string = "A - Switch Left Lane"
blit_text(screen, string, (130, 505), textFont, BLACK)
string = "D - Switch Right Lane"
blit_text(screen, string, (130, 530), textFont, BLACK)
string = "ESC - Close Game"
blit_text(screen, string, (130, 555), textFont, BLACK)
backRect = pygame.Rect(W // 3, 612, W // 3, H // 10)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, backRect)
string = "back"
blit_text(screen, string, (139, 610), menuFont, BLACK)
if button == 1:
if backRect.collidepoint(mouseX, mouseY) == True:
st = MENUSTATE
pygame.display.update()
return st
def drawOver(button, mouseX, mouseY):
st = OVERSTATE
screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((300, 700), (400, 700), (400, 600))) # draws the different coloured stripes
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, STRIPE, ((0, 100), (0, 0), (100, 0)))
string = "biomagnification"
blit_text(screen, string, (48, 80), titleFont, BLACK)
textRect = pygame.Rect(0, (H // 4) + 30, W, H // 3)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, STRIPE, textRect)
string = "GAME OVER"
blit_text(screen, string, (70, 230), menuFont, BLACK)
pygame.display.update()
return st
# images
boat = pygame.image.load("boat.png").convert_alpha()
mainsheet = pygame.image.load("mainsheetSmall.png").convert()
fish1 = pygame.image.load("fishBlue.png").convert_alpha()
fish2 = pygame.image.load("fishOrange.png").convert_alpha()
sheetSize = mainsheet.get_size() # gets the size of the spritesheet
horiz_cells = 36 # number of horizontal frames/cells in the spritesheet
vert_cells = 1 # number of vertical frames/cells in the spritesheet
cell_width = int(sheetSize[0] / horiz_cells) # determining the width of each cell
cell_height = int(sheetSize[1] / vert_cells) # determing the height of each cell
cellList = [] # creates a list for all the cells
for vert in range(0, sheetSize[1], cell_height):
for horz in range(0, sheetSize[0], cell_width):
surface = pygame.Surface((cell_width, cell_height))
surface.blit(mainsheet, (0, 0),
(horz, vert, cell_width, cell_height))
colorkey = surface.get_at((0, 0)) # gets the colour at O, 0 (white)
surface.set_colorkey(colorkey) # removes all the white from the spritesheet, making the background transparent
cellList.append(surface) # appends to the list of cells (cellList)
cellPosition = 0 # determines which frame is playing. Starts at 0
speed = 4 # speed for all downward falling objects
# 1st pair of boats
boatX = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4])
if boatX == lane1:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
elif boatX == lane2:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
else:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane1, lane2])
boatY = -100
# 2nd pair of boats
boatX3 = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4])
if boatX3 == lane1:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
elif boatX3 == lane2:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
else:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane1, lane2])
boatY2 = -450
# 1st pair of fish
fish = random.choice([fish1, fish2])
fishX = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4])
if fishX == lane1:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
elif fishX == lane2:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
else:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane1, lane2])
fishY = -800
# 2nd pair of fish
fishX3 = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4])
if fishX3 == lane1:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
elif fishX3 == lane2:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4])
else:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane1, lane2])
fishY2 = -1150
在这里可以找到船和鱼的碰撞
def drawGame(button):
st = GAMESTATE
dolphin1Rect = pygame.Rect((x1, y), (width, height)) # hitbox of left dolphin
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, (x1, y, width, height))
dolphin2Rect = pygame.Rect((x2, y), (width, height)) # hitbox of right dolphin
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, (x2, y, width, height))
boat1Rect = pygame.Rect((boatX + 3, boatY + 14), (34, 81))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, boat1Rect)
boat2Rect = pygame.Rect((boatX2 + 3, boatY + 14, 34, 81))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, boat2Rect)
boat3Rect = pygame.Rect((boatX3 + 3, boatY2 + 14, 34, 81))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, boat3Rect)
boat4Rect = pygame.Rect((boatX4 + 3, boatY2 + 14, 34, 81))
# pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, boat4Rect)
fish1Rect = pygame.Rect((fishX, fishY), (40, 40))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, fish1Rect)
fish2Rect = pygame.Rect((fishX2, fishY, 40, 40))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, fish2Rect)
fish3Rect = pygame.Rect((fishX3, fishY2, 40, 40))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, fish3Rect)
fish4Rect = pygame.Rect((fishX4, fishY2, 40, 40))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, fish4Rect)
drawScene()
# dolphins
screen.blit(cellList[cellPosition], (x1 + 4, y - 1))
screen.blit(cellList[cellPosition], (x2 + 4, y - 1))
# boats
screen.blit(boat, (boatX, boatY))
screen.blit(boat, (boatX2, boatY))
screen.blit(boat, (boatX3, boatY2))
screen.blit(boat, (boatX4, boatY2))
# fish
screen.blit(fish, (fishX, fishY))
screen.blit(fish, (fishX2, fishY))
screen.blit(fish, (fishX3, fishY2))
screen.blit(fish, (fishX4, fishY2))
# collision testing
boatList = [boat1Rect, boat2Rect, boat3Rect, boat4Rect]
if pygame.Rect.collidelist(dolphin1Rect, boatList) > -1:
st = MENUSTATE
if pygame.Rect.collidelist(dolphin2Rect, boatList) > -1:
st = MENUSTATE
button = 0
pygame.display.update()
return st
# main loop
running = True
state = OVERSTATE # sets the default state as MENUSTATE
button = mx = my = 0 # initializes mouse
while running:
clock.tick(60) # makes the game tick 60 frames per second
button = 0
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mx, my = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
button = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: # detects if the user presses the ESC key
pygame.quit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_a: # detects if the user presses the A key
pygame.mixer.music.load('percussiveHit.mp3')
pygame.mixer.music.play()
toggle1 += 1 # adds 1 to toggle1
if toggle1 % 2 == 1: # if toggle1 mod 2 equals 1
target_x1 += 100 # add 100 to the target position
else:
target_x1 -= 100 # if toggle1 mod 2 does not equal 1, subtract 100 from the target position making it the original of 30
elif event.key == pygame.K_d: # detects if the user presses the D key
pygame.mixer.music.load('percussiveHit.mp3')
pygame.mixer.music.play()
toggle2 += 1 # adds 1 to toggle2
if toggle2 % 2 == 1: # if toggle2 mod 2 equals 1
target_x2 -= 100 # subtract 100 the to target position
else:
target_x2 += 100 # if toggle2 mod 2 does not equal 1, add 100 to the target position making it the original of 330
if state == GAMESTATE:
if x1 < target_x1:
x1 = min(x1 + vel_x, target_x1)
else:
x1 = max(x1 - vel_x, target_x1)
if x2 < target_x2:
x2 = min(x2 + vel_x, target_x2)
else:
x2 = max(x2 - vel_x, target_x2)
if cellPosition < len(cellList) - 1: # if the current pos is less tan cellList, add one
cellPosition += 1
else:
cellPosition = 0 # else, reset the cell pos to 0, the default
boatY += speed
if boatY > H + 625:
boatX = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4]) # choose a random lane
if boatX == lane1:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
elif boatX == lane2:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
else:
boatX2 = random.choice([lane1, lane2]) # choose a lane on the other side
boatY = -100
boatY2 += speed
if boatY2 > H + 100:
boatX3 = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4]) # choose a random lane
if boatX3 == lane1:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
elif boatX3 == lane2:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
else:
boatX4 = random.choice([lane1, lane2]) # choose a lane on the other side
boatY2 = -625
fishY += speed
if fishY > H + 275:
fishX = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4]) # choose a random lane
if fishX == lane1:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
elif fishX == lane2:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
else:
fishX2 = random.choice([lane1, lane2]) # choose a lane on the other side
fishY = -450
fishY2 += speed
if fishY2 > H + 450:
fishX3 = random.choice([lane1, lane2, lane3, lane4]) # choose a random lane
if fishX3 == lane1:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
elif fishX3 == lane2:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane3, lane4]) # choose a lane on the other side
else:
fishX4 = random.choice([lane1, lane2]) # choose a lane on the other side
fishY2 = -275
if speed < 11:
speed *= 1.1
if state == MENUSTATE:
state = drawMenu(button, mx, my)
button = 0
elif state == GAMESTATE:
state = drawGame(button)
pygame.display.update()
button = 0
elif state == INFOSTATE:
state = drawInfo(button, mx, my)
elif state == OVERSTATE:
state = drawOver(button, mx, my)
else:
running = False
print(state)
答案 0 :(得分：1)
因此，对于您的特定问题，您需要一种方法来检查是否击中了每个元素（鱼）。由于您没有使用面向对象的编程，因此您只需为每个变量创建一个变量，并在命中它们时将其设置为true。
然后在将它们拖到屏幕上之前，您可以检查其值是否为真。
因此在主循环之前，您需要具备以下条件：
fish_1_hit = False
fish_2_hit = False
fish_3_hit = False
fish_4_hit = False
然后在您要添加的主循环中
if dolphin1Rect.colliderect(fish1Rect):
fish_1_hit = True
if dolphin1Rect.colliderect(fish2Rect):
fish_2_hit = True
if dolphin1Rect.colliderect(fish3Rect):
fish_3_hit = True
if dolphin1Rect.colliderect(fish4Rect):
fish_4_hit = True
if dolphin2Rect.colliderect(fish1Rect):
fish_1_hit = True
if dolphin2Rect.colliderect(fish2Rect):
fish_2_hit = True
if dolphin2Rect.colliderect(fish3Rect):
fish_3_hit = True
if dolphin2Rect.colliderect(fish4Rect):
fish_4_hit = True
最终更改绘制功能，以便在绘制鱼之前检查鱼是否被击中：
# fish
if not fish_1_hit:
screen.blit(fish, (fishX, fishY))
if not fish_2_hit:
screen.blit(fish, (fishX2, fishY))
if not fish_3_hit:
screen.blit(fish, (fishX3, fishY2))
if not fish_4_hit:
screen.blit(fish, (fishX4, fishY2))
我建议您考虑使用列表来保存任何未来项目的相关实体（例如鱼）和面向对象的程序设计（OOP），因为要用多个实体进行任何事情都将是非常具有挑战性的用您正在使用的方法。