Question

对于所有专家-我们一直在开发包含以下模块的应用程序：

opencv
numpy
熊猫
sto脚
nltk
bs4
PIL
请求

和其他一些不属于pythons标准库的内容。希望将其打包为单个可执行文件。因此尝试使用pyinstaller解决。执行时相同-它建立了分发文件夹-但执行失败。它将引发以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "app.py", line 6, in <module>
File "/root/Projects/BIUEngine/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 627, in exec_module
exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
File "ProcessManager.py", line 7, in <module>
File "/root/Projects/BIUEngine/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 627, in exec_module
exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
File "ProcessWorker.py", line 16, in <module>
File "/root/Projects/BIUEngine/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 627, in exec_module
exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
File "site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import
[3502] Failed to execute script app

下面是运行时命令的输出

root@devserver:~/Projects/BIUEngine/src# pyinstaller app.py 
113 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.4
114 INFO: Python: 3.6.7
116 INFO: Platform: Linux-4.4.0-131-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-16.04-xenial
116 INFO: wrote /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/app.spec
119 INFO: UPX is not available.
123 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['/root/Projects/BIUEngine/src', '/root/Projects/BIUEngine/src']
123 INFO: checking Analysis
123 INFO: Building Analysis because Analysis-00.toc is non existent
124 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
127 INFO: Initializing module graph hooks...
179 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ...
10300 INFO: running Analysis Analysis-00.toc
10357 INFO: Caching module hooks...
10381 INFO: Analyzing /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/app.py
13258 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook   distutils
13297 INFO: distutils: retargeting to non-venv dir '/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils'
14908 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook   setuptools.extern.six.moves
16017 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook   site
16044 INFO: site: retargeting to fake-dir '/root/Projects/BIUEngine/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/fake-modules'
18473 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook   six.moves
32950 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook   urllib3.packages.six.moves
55571 INFO: Loading module hooks...
55572 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-PIL.Image.py"...
56546 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"...
56688 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-PIL.SpiderImagePlugin.py"...
56699 INFO: Excluding import 'tkinter'
56704 INFO: Import to be excluded not found: 'FixTk'
56704 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-distutils.py"...
56753 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-certifi.py"...
56755 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-sysconfig.py"...
56792 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pytz.py"...
56989 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-nltk.py"...
57816 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pkg_resources.py"...
58813 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook   win32com
58976 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-PIL.py"...
58988 INFO: Import to be excluded not found: 'FixTk'
58988 INFO: Excluding import 'PySide'
58996 INFO:   Removing import of PySide from module PIL.ImageQt
59000 INFO: Excluding import 'PyQt5'
59007 INFO:   Removing import of PyQt5 from module PIL.ImageQt
59010 INFO: Excluding import 'PyQt4'
59018 INFO:   Removing import of PyQt4 from module PIL.ImageQt
59025 INFO: Excluding import 'tkinter'
59036 INFO:   Removing import of tkinter from module PIL.ImageTk
59038 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.py"...
59040 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pandas.py"...
60447 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-sqlite3.py"...
60607 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-numpy.py"...
60609 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pycparser.py"...
61578 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-lib2to3.py"...
61616 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-cv2.py"...
61617 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.etree.cElementTree.py"...
61619 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-setuptools.py"...
62934 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pydoc.py"...
62936 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-numpy.core.py"...
63088 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
63294 WARNING: library user32 required via ctypes not found
63399 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ...
63439 INFO: Including run-time hook 'pyi_rth_pkgres.py'
63458 INFO: Including run-time hook 'pyi_rth_nltk.py'
63463 INFO: Including run-time hook 'pyi_rth_multiprocessing.py'
63536 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries
65726 INFO: Looking for eggs
65727 INFO: Python library not in binary dependencies. Doing additional searching...
65822 INFO: Using Python library /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.so.1.0
65882 INFO: Warnings written to /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/build/app/warn-app.txt
66237 INFO: Graph cross-reference written to /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/build/app/xref-app.html
66476 INFO: checking PYZ
66477 INFO: Building PYZ because PYZ-00.toc is non existent
66478 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/build/app/PYZ-00.pyz
70637 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/build/app/PYZ-00.pyz completed successfully.
70722 INFO: checking PKG
70722 INFO: Building PKG because PKG-00.toc is non existent
70722 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) PKG-00.pkg
70837 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) PKG-00.pkg completed successfully.
70839 INFO: Bootloader /root/Projects/BIUEngine/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/bootloader/Linux-64bit/run
70840 INFO: checking EXE
70840 INFO: Building EXE because EXE-00.toc is non existent
70840 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc
70842 INFO: Appending archive to ELF section in EXE /root/Projects/BIUEngine/src/build/app/app
70967 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc completed successfully.
70981 INFO: checking COLLECT
70982 INFO: Building COLLECT because COLLECT-00.toc is non existent
70983 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc
82471 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc completed successfully.

任何人都可以通过与我解决问题相同的方法来帮助我吗？

Answer 1

ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import错误因导致与numpy尝试导入特定于平台的共享库有关的崩溃而臭名昭著。几乎总是由尝试导入错误版本或根本没有找到这些库引起的。

可能您打包的可执行文件试图从包外部导入某些框架，并且遇到某种版本不匹配的情况。您最有可能还在使用诸如conda或virtualenv之类的虚拟环境？

在无法访问计算机的情况下，很难找出问题所在。我将尝试以下方法来收集有关该问题的更多信息：

尝试在没有安装python或至少没有安装numpy的另一台计算机上运行可执行文件，然后查看会发生什么情况。
尝试在仅安装了一个版本的numpy的计算机上重新打包应用程序。
通过在环境中运行python -c 'import numpy; print(numpy.__version__); print(numpy.__file__)'，在其中创建可执行文件以及在可执行文件本身中，仔细研究numpy的实际版本以及从哪个版本导入numpy。
< / li>

最后一步可以通过放置

import numpy
import numpy
print(numpy.__version__)
print(numpy.__file__)

在您的app.py中作为第一行（即在崩溃之前查看输出）

Answer 2

感谢所有在此附近提供帮助的人。我也在其他地方张贴了文章-并得到了上帝的恩典-有人提出了解决方案。它对我有用。他的建议是-我可能为计算机中的各种版本安装了2个或更多不同的numpy。一个为2.7，另一个为3.6，依此类推。他建议我删除其中任何一个，并检查是否一切正常。确实有道理-所以我继续前进，从2.7 / 3.6清理了所有的numpy程序，并根据需要为项目手动安装了其他软件包。发布-我刚刚创建了一个虚拟机，并重新安装了所需的软件包（以及numpy）。

还-确保pyinstaller-在构建时确实将numpy.core.multiarray查找为隐藏的导入。（第二步-我过去已经尝试过）。

该怎么说-事情帮了我大忙。它不再给我提供过去要为此而犯的错误。现在正在解决其他问题-但可以肯定的是，这种方法/机制对我有用。

谢谢大家再次帮助我。爱你们所有人。

使用Pyinstaller发行包装

2 个答案: