我正在使用.NET Core 2.1和语言标准7.3。我希望引用固定缓冲区而不获取指向它的指针。目前有可能吗?
public unsafe struct InteropStruct
{
private fixed byte dataField[32];
public Span<byte> Data
{
get
{
//return a span referencing the private field without a fixed statement
}
}
}
我知道Span当前能够通过垃圾回收来跟踪托管数组,因此我看不到有什么阻止它以类似方式跟踪固定缓冲区的情况。
如果不可能的话,如果我使用固定的语句,例如:
public unsafe struct InteropStruct
{
private fixed byte dataField[32];
public Span<byte> Data
{
get
{
fixed (byte* ptr = dataField)
{
return new Span<byte>(ptr, 32);
}
}
}
}
如果该结构包装在堆中的对象或类中,垃圾收集器会成为问题吗?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
因此,我以ILSpy的.NET程序集形式进行了一些研究,并在.NET Core 2.1上进行了一些测试。 我的测试结果如下:
interface ITest
{
Span<byte> Data { get; }
}
unsafe struct TestStruct : ITest
{
fixed byte dataField[8];
public Span<byte> Data
{
get
{
//Unsafe.AsPointer() to avoid the fixed expression :-)
return new Span<byte>(Unsafe.AsPointer(ref dataField[0]), 8);
}
}
}
class Program
{
//Note: This test is done in Debug mode to make sure the string allocation isn't ommited
static void Main(string[] args)
{
new string('c', 200);
//Boxes the struct onto the heap.
//The object is allocated after the string to ensure it will be moved during GC compacting
ITest HeapAlloc = new TestStruct();
Span<byte> span1, span2;
span1 = HeapAlloc.Data; //Creates span to old location
GC.Collect(2, GCCollectionMode.Forced, true, true); //Force a compacting garbage collection
span2 = HeapAlloc.Data; //Creates span to new location
//Ensures that if the pointer to span1 wasn't updated, that there wouldn't be heap corruption
//Write to Span2
span2[0] = 5;
//Read from Span1
Console.WriteLine(span1[0] == 5); //Prints true in .NET Core 2.1, span1's pointer is updated
}
}
我从对IL的研究中学到了什么,如果我不能正确解释这一点,请原谅我:
.NET Core的2个字段跨度:
//Note, this is not the complete declaration, just the fields
public ref readonly struct Span<T>
{
internal readonly ByReference<T> _pointer;
private readonly int _length;
}
.NET Framework的3个字段范围:
//Same note as 2 Field Span
public ref readonly struct Span<T>
{
private readonly Pinnable<T> _pinnable;
private readonly IntPtr _byteOffset;
private readonly int _length;
}
.Net Core正在使用Span的2字段模型。由于.NET Framework使用3字段模型,因此不会更新其指针。原因? 3个字段跨度的Span<T>(void* pointer, int length)
构造函数(我正在为此使用)将_byteOffset
字段设置为pointer
参数。 GC将更新的3个字段范围中的指针是_pinnable
字段。使用2个字段Span时,它们是相同的。
所以,对我的问题的答案是,是的,我可以将Span点指向带有或不带有固定语句的固定缓冲区,但是如果不使用.NET Core的2字段跨度模型,这样做很危险。如果我对.NET Framework当前的Span模型有误,请纠正我。