如何将Spring-Boot Web服务转换为Docker映像?

时间:2019-01-19 18:11:51

标签: spring-boot docker dockerfile

我想从Docker容器访问我的网站,但不能。我尝试实现的步骤如下。完成所有步骤后,我无法访问http://localhost:8080/index页,我在哪里出错?

Spring-Boot项目名称为demo。我的部分代码:

package com.qwerty.demo.rest;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class FunRestService {

    @GetMapping("/index")
    public String setIndex() {
        return "HELLO WORLD!";
    }
}

我的dockerfile代码:

FROM openjdk:8
COPY . /usr/var/www/MYPROJECT
WORKDIR /usr/var/www/MYPROJECT
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ./mvnw spring-boot:run

我使用此命令将Spring-Boot项目构建到myimage1

docker build -t myimage1 .

然后,使用此命令从myimage1创建一个新容器。

docker run --name mycontainer1 myimage1

然后Maven下载必要的文件并为我启动我的应用程序。最后输出:

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.2.RELEASE)

2019-01-19 17:40:32.604  INFO 6 --- [           main] com.qwerty.demo.DemoApplication     : Starting DemoApplication on 8086b6e010fb with PID 6 (/usr/var/www/MYPROJECT/target/classes started by root in /usr/var/www/MYPROJECT)
2019-01-19 17:40:32.613  INFO 6 --- [           main] com.qwerty.demo.DemoApplication     : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-01-19 17:40:34.119  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2019-01-19 17:40:34.170  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2019-01-19 17:40:34.171  INFO 6 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.14]
2019-01-19 17:40:34.186  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib]
2019-01-19 17:40:34.288  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2019-01-19 17:40:34.289  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1559 ms
2019-01-19 17:40:34.602  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2019-01-19 17:40:34.882  INFO 6 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''2019-01-19 17:40:34.888  INFO 6 --- [           main] com.qwerty.demo.DemoApplication     : Started DemoApplication in 3.176 seconds (JVM running for 69.839)

我们应该怎么做才能将一个这样的Spring-Boot项目(使用Dockerfile)转换为图像?如何访问我的网页?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

运行Docker容器时,默认情况下不会发布任何应用程序碰巧监听的所有端口。

为了发布端口,您需要在使用映像运行容器时指定端口。有关如何执行此操作的所有详细信息,可以查看 docker run 命令的文档中的“ EXPOSE”部分:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/

简而言之,您想在运行容器时添加另一个选项:

docker run --name mycontainer1 -p 8080:8080 myimage1

我不确定您是否想通过添加

实现这一目标
EXPOSE 8080

在您的Dockerfile中。实际上,这并不意味着在使用映像运行容器时端口将被暴露。正如您在Dockerfile reference中所发现的:

  

EXPOSE指令实际上并未发布端口。它充当构建映像的人员和运行容器的人员之间的一种文档类型,有关打算发布哪些端口的信息。要在运行容器时实际发布端口,请使用docker run上的-p标志发布并映射一个或多个端口,或使用-P标志发布所有公开的端口并将其映射到高阶端口。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

要完全解决您的问题(在开发阶段,例如对Spring Boot项目进行泊坞并在本地浏览器中浏览相应的webapp),必须完成三个独立的任务:

  1. 使用Dockerfile来利用Docker映像的构建,该映像受益于Docker的缓存机制(避免每次从头开始重新下载Maven依赖项,从而加快构建速度)

  2. 确保Spring Boot应用侦听0.0.0.0特殊IP的指定端口 ,而不是localhost

  3. 最后发布给定的端口,以便您可以运行例如:

    $ xdg-open http://localhost:8080/index
    

@Poger的答案很好地解释了步骤3,因此,我将仅对步骤1和2进行详细说明:

  1. 我在这个SO线程中提出了一个Dockerfile:受How to cache maven dependencies in Docker启发,this blog article适用于一般的Java / Maven项目(不仅是Spring Boot项目) ):

    # our base build image
    FROM maven:3.5-jdk-8 as maven
    
    WORKDIR /app
    
    # copy the Project Object Model file
    COPY ./pom.xml ./pom.xml
    
    # fetch all dependencies
    RUN mvn dependency:go-offline -B
    
    # copy your other files
    COPY ./src ./src
    
    # build for release
    # NOTE: my-project-* should be replaced with the proper prefix
    RUN mvn package && cp target/my-project-*.jar app.jar
    
    
    # smaller, final base image
    FROM openjdk:8u171-jre-alpine
    # OPTIONAL: copy dependencies so the thin jar won't need to re-download them
    # COPY --from=maven /root/.m2 /root/.m2
    
    # set deployment directory
    WORKDIR /app
    
    # copy over the built artifact from the maven image
    COPY --from=maven /app/app.jar ./app.jar
    
    # set the startup command to run your binary
    CMD ["java", "-jar", "/app/app.jar"]
    

    但是要进一步完善,请注意,建议您pass an extra system property java.security.egd

    CMD ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/app/app.jar"]
    

    或者如果您更喜欢ENTRYPOINT而不是CMD

    ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/app/app.jar"]
    
  2. 如SO线程How do I access a spring app running in a docker container?中所述,在容器化应用程序的上下文中,应避免使用localhost并在大多数情况下将其替换为0.0.0.0(即,如果该应用程序应充当Web服务,以响应来自容器外部的传入请求。

    总而言之,您应该尝试在application.properties文件中添加以下行:

    server.address=0.0.0.0