我正在尝试设置iptables以仅允许来自外部的SSH端口以及来自内部的所有流量。另外,我正在尝试设置一些规则来防止一些基本的DOS攻击。如何正确管理iptables规则?
我在VirtualBox上安装了Debian VM,并在其中设置了本地静态IP(例如10.0.2.3/30)。我将SSH默认端口从22更改为2222。在使用NAT在Host上使用127.0.0.1端口2222和在客户端上使用10.0.2.3端口2222在NAT上设置VirtualBox上的端口转发后,可以从外部连接到SSH。到目前为止一切顺利。
现在,我试图借助this guide借助iptables来设置防火墙和DOS保护,例如我也使用本文所述的内核设置编写了以下脚本。
sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP
### 1: Drop invalid packets ###
#sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
### 2: Drop TCP packets that are new and are not SYN ###
#sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp ! --syn -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j DROP
### 3: Drop SYN packets with suspicious MSS value ###
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m tcpmss ! --mss 536:65535 -j DROP
### 4: Block packets with bogus TCP flags ###
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG NONE -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN FIN,SYN -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN,RST -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags FIN,RST FIN,RST -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags FIN,ACK FIN -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ACK,URG URG -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ACK,FIN FIN -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ACK,PSH PSH -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL FIN,PSH,URG -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL SYN,FIN,PSH,URG -j DROP
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL SYN,RST,ACK,FIN,URG -j DROP
### 6: Drop ICMP (you usually don't need this protocol) ###
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p icmp -j DROP
### 7: Drop fragments in all chains ###
sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -f -j DROP
### 8: Limit connections per source IP ###
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m connlimit --connlimit-above 111 -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
### 9: Limit RST packets ###
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -m limit --limit 2/s --limit-burst 2 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
### 10: Limit new TCP connections per second per source IP ###
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m limit --limit 60/s --limit-burst 20 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j DROP
### 11: Use SYNPROXY on port 2222 (SSH) (disables connection limiting rule) ###
#sudo iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 2222 -m tcp --syn -j CT --notrack
#sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -m tcp -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID,UNTRACKED -j SYNPROXY --sack-perm --timestamp --wscale 7 --mss 1460
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
### SSH brute-force protection ###
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m recent --set
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m recent --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 10 -j DROP
### Protection against port scanning ###
sudo iptables -N port-scanning
sudo iptables -A port-scanning -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,ACK,FIN,RST RST -m limit --limit 1/s --limit-burst 2 -j RETURN
sudo iptables -A port-scanning -j DROP
echo "Allowing traffic from SSH port 2222 and Internet traffic
# Allowing SSH connection from LAN
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -j ACCEPT
# Allowing Internet traffic
sudo iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
### Make the iptables rules persistent after reboot
sudo bash -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4"
我确定这些行对我的LAN的SSH连接有影响:
### 1: Drop invalid packets ###
#sudo iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
取消注释后,我将无法连接到SSH,而且我也不明白为什么。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我发现我的#1规则只是无效的#11规则。我要么不得不使用另一个。