我正在使用UBUNTU 16.04，当前将路径变量设置保留在/ etc / environment设置中，直到我的路径设置达到特定长度为止，一切都很好，/ snap / bin只会切断$ PATH变量，从而导致每次再次登录时必须获取/ etc / environment的资源...
这是我的/ etc / environment路径
echo "$PATH" | tr ':' '\n'
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/sbin
/usr/bin
/sbin
/bin
/usr/games
/usr/local/games
/opt/vcftools_0.1.13/bin
/opt/PLINK_v1.90b6.5
/opt/FastQC
/opt/GATK-4.0.6
/opt/samtools-1.9/bin
/opt/samtools-1.9/htslib-1.9
/opt/bcftools-1.9/bin
/opt/bedtools2/bin
/opt/cmake-3.12.3/bin
/opt/bamtools-final/usr/local/bin
/opt/hmmer-3.2.1-final/bin
/opt/Augustus/bin
/opt/Augustus/scripts
/opt/R-3.5.1-final/bin
/opt/busco/scripts
/opt/Platanus_v1.2.4
/opt/jemalloc-final/bin
/opt/discovardenovo-52488-final/bin
/opt/quast-5.0.1
/opt/gffread-0.9.12
/opt/hisat2-2.1.0
/opt/GapCloser-v1.12-r6/bin
/opt/SOAPdenovo2-bin-LINUX-generic-r240
/opt/trf-4.09
/opt/rmblast-2.6.0/bin
/opt/RECON-1.08/bin
/opt/RepeatScout-1.0.5
/opt/RepeatMasker
/opt/RepeatModeler-open-1.0.11
/opt/satsuma-code-0
/opt/minimap2
/opt/twoBitToFa-20181128
/opt/gt-1.5.10-Linux_x86_64-64bit-complete/bin
/opt/supernova-2.1.1
/opt/gm_et_linux_64/gmes_petap
/opt/gth-1.7.1-Linux_x86_64-64bit/bin
/opt/exonerate-2.4.0/bin
/opt/BRAKER/scripts
/opt/bcl2fastq-final/bin
/opt/longranger-2.2.2/longranger-cs/2.2.2/bin
/opt/TransDecoder-TransDecoder-v5.5.0
/opt/blast-2.2.26/bin
/opt/kraken2
/opt/inparanoid_4.1
/home/cch/.local/bin
就像，直到整个路径变量流之后bcl2fastq的路径/ snap / bin正确连接为止（我试图删除字符串以使其更短），但是在/ snap / bin上进行扩展只会切断字符串中间：
cch@ubuntu16:~$ echo "$PATH" | tr ':' '\n'
/home/cch/bin
/home/cch/.local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/sbin
/usr/bin
/sbin
/bin
/usr/games
/usr/local/games
/opt/vcftools_0.1.13/bin
/opt/PLINK_v1.90b6.5
/opt/FastQC
/opt/GATK-4.0.6
/opt/samtools-1.9/bin
/opt/samtools-1.9/htslib-1.9
/opt/bcftools-1.9/bin
/opt/bedtools2/bin
/opt/cmake-3.12.3/bin
/opt/bamtools-final/usr/local/bin
/opt/hmmer-3.2.1-final/bin
/opt/Augustus/bin
/opt/Augustus/scripts
/opt/R-3.5.1-final/bin
/opt/busco/scripts
/opt/Platanus_v1.2.4
/opt/jemalloc-final/bin
/opt/discovardenovo-52488-final/bin
/opt/quast-5.0.1
/opt/gffread-0.9.12
/opt/hisat2-2.1.0
/opt/GapCloser-v1.12-r6/bin
/opt/SOAPdenovo2-bin-LINUX-generic-r240
/opt/trf-4.09
/opt/rmblast-2.6.0/bin
/opt/RECON-1.08/bin
/opt/RepeatScout-1.0.5
/opt/RepeatMasker
/opt/RepeatModeler-open-1.0.11
/opt/satsuma-code-0
/opt/minimap2
/opt/twoBitToFa-20181128
/opt/gt-1.5.10-Linux_x86_64-64bit-complete/bin
/opt/supernova-2.1.1
/opt/gm_et_linux_64/gmes_petap
/opt/gth-1.7.1-Linux_x86_64-64bit/bin
/opt/exonerate-2.4.0/bin
/opt/BRAKER/scripts
/opt/bcl2fastq-final/b
/snap/bin
这是我的/etc/profile.d/apps-bin-path.sh，其中显然具有将/ snap / bin附加到您的路径的代码位，但是我不确定是否应该更改它，因为似乎很重要
# shellcheck shell=sh
# Expand $PATH to include the directory where snappy applications go.
snap_bin_path="/snap/bin"
if [ -n "${PATH##*${snap_bin_path}}" -a -n "${PATH##*${snap_bin_path}:*}" ]; then
export PATH=$PATH:${snap_bin_path}
fi
# Ensure base distro defaults xdg path are set if nothing filed up some
# defaults yet.
if [ -z "$XDG_DATA_DIRS" ]; then
export XDG_DATA_DIRS="/usr/local/share:/usr/share"
fi
# Desktop files (used by desktop environments within both X11 and Wayland) are
# looked for in XDG_DATA_DIRS; make sure it includes the relevant directory for
# snappy applications' desktop files.
snap_xdg_path="/var/lib/snapd/desktop"
if [ -n "${XDG_DATA_DIRS##*${snap_xdg_path}}" -a -n "${XDG_DATA_DIRS##*${snap_xdg_path}:*}" ]; then
export XDG_DATA_DIRS="${XDG_DATA_DIRS}:${snap_xdg_path}"
fi
这是我在/etc/login.defs中的默认设置，但是我认为我的/ etc / environment每次登录时同样适用
# *REQUIRED* The default PATH settings, for superuser and normal users.
#
# (they are minimal, add the rest in the shell startup files)
ENV_SUPATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
ENV_PATH PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games
有人对此有任何想法吗？
预先感谢您的帮助
按照cdarke和Tripleee的建议，我确实回显了-n“ $ PATH” | od -xc
这是我重新登录并且$ PATH被/ snap / bin中断时的输出
0000000 682f 6d6f 2f65 6363 2f68 6962 3a6e 682f
/ h o m e / c c h / b i n : / h
0000020 6d6f 2f65 6363 2f68 6c2e 636f 6c61 622f
o m e / c c h / . l o c a l / b
0000040 6e69 2f3a 7375 2f72 6f6c 6163 2f6c 6273
i n : / u s r / l o c a l / s b
0000060 6e69 2f3a 7375 2f72 6f6c 6163 2f6c 6962
i n : / u s r / l o c a l / b i
0000100 3a6e 752f 7273 732f 6962 3a6e 752f 7273
n : / u s r / s b i n : / u s r
0000120 622f 6e69 2f3a 6273 6e69 2f3a 6962 3a6e
/ b i n : / s b i n : / b i n :
0000140 752f 7273 672f 6d61 7365 2f3a 7375 2f72
/ u s r / g a m e s : / u s r /
0000160 6f6c 6163 2f6c 6167 656d 3a73 6f2f 7470
l o c a l / g a m e s : / o p t
0000200 762f 6663 6f74 6c6f 5f73 2e30 2e31 3331
/ v c f t o o l s _ 0 . 1 . 1 3
0000220 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f 2f74 4c50 4e49 5f4b
/ b i n : / o p t / P L I N K _
0000240 3176 392e 6230 2e36 3a35 6f2f 7470 462f
v 1 . 9 0 b 6 . 5 : / o p t / F
0000260 7361 5174 3a43 6f2f 7470 472f 5441 2d4b
a s t Q C : / o p t / G A T K -
0000300 2e34 2e30 3a36 6f2f 7470 732f 6d61 6f74
4 . 0 . 6 : / o p t / s a m t o
0000320 6c6f 2d73 2e31 2f39 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470
o l s - 1 . 9 / b i n : / o p t
0000340 732f 6d61 6f74 6c6f 2d73 2e31 2f39 7468
/ s a m t o o l s - 1 . 9 / h t
0000360 6c73 6269 312d 392e 2f3a 706f 2f74 6362
s l i b - 1 . 9 : / o p t / b c
0000400 7466 6f6f 736c 312d 392e 622f 6e69 2f3a
f t o o l s - 1 . 9 / b i n : /
0000420 706f 2f74 6562 7464 6f6f 736c 2f32 6962
o p t / b e d t o o l s 2 / b i
0000440 3a6e 6f2f 7470 632f 616d 656b 332d 312e
n : / o p t / c m a k e - 3 . 1
0000460 2e32 2f33 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470 622f 6d61
2 . 3 / b i n : / o p t / b a m
0000500 6f74 6c6f 2d73 6966 616e 2f6c 7375 2f72
t o o l s - f i n a l / u s r /
0000520 6f6c 6163 2f6c 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470 682f
l o c a l / b i n : / o p t / h
0000540 6d6d 7265 332d 322e 312e 662d 6e69 6c61
m m e r - 3 . 2 . 1 - f i n a l
0000560 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f 2f74 7541 7567 7473
/ b i n : / o p t / A u g u s t
0000600 7375 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f 2f74 7541 7567
u s / b i n : / o p t / A u g u
0000620 7473 7375 732f 7263 7069 7374 2f3a 706f
s t u s / s c r i p t s : / o p
0000640 2f74 2d52 2e33 2e35 2d31 6966 616e 2f6c
t / R - 3 . 5 . 1 - f i n a l /
0000660 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470 622f 7375 6f63 732f
b i n : / o p t / b u s c o / s
0000700 7263 7069 7374 2f3a 706f 2f74 6c50 7461
c r i p t s : / o p t / P l a t
0000720 6e61 7375 765f 2e31 2e32 3a34 6f2f 7470
a n u s _ v 1 . 2 . 4 : / o p t
0000740 6a2f 6d65 6c61 6f6c 2d63 6966 616e 2f6c
/ j e m a l l o c - f i n a l /
0000760 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470 642f 7369 6f63 6176
b i n : / o p t / d i s c o v a
0001000 6472 6e65 766f 2d6f 3235 3834 2d38 6966
r d e n o v o - 5 2 4 8 8 - f i
0001020 616e 2f6c 6962 3a6e 6f2f 7470 712f 6175
n a l / b i n : / o p t / q u a
0001040 7473 352d 302e 312e 2f3a 706f 2f74 6667
s t - 5 . 0 . 1 : / o p t / g f
0001060 7266 6165 2d64 2e30 2e39 3231 2f3a 706f
f r e a d - 0 . 9 . 1 2 : / o p
0001100 2f74 6968 6173 3274 322d 312e 302e 2f3a
t / h i s a t 2 - 2 . 1 . 0 : /
0001120 706f 2f74 6147 4370 6f6c 6573 2d72 3176
o p t / G a p C l o s e r - v 1
0001140 312e 2d32 3672 622f 6e69 3a2f 6f2f 7470
. 1 2 - r 6 / b i n / : / o p t
0001160 532f 414f 6450 6e65 766f 326f 622d 6e69
/ S O A P d e n o v o 2 - b i n
0001200 4c2d 4e49 5855 672d 6e65 7265 6369 722d
- L I N U X - g e n e r i c - r
0001220 3432 3a30 6f2f 7470 742f 6672 342d 302e
2 4 0 : / o p t / t r f - 4 . 0
0001240 3a39 6f2f 7470 722f 626d 616c 7473 322d
9 : / o p t / r m b l a s t - 2
0001260 362e 302e 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f 2f74 4552
. 6 . 0 / b i n : / o p t / R E
0001300 4f43 2d4e 2e31 3830 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f
C O N - 1 . 0 8 / b i n : / o p
0001320 2f74 6552 6570 7461 6353 756f 2d74 2e31
t / R e p e a t S c o u t - 1 .
0001340 2e30 3a35 6f2f 7470 522f 7065 6165 4d74
0 . 5 : / o p t / R e p e a t M
0001360 7361 656b 3a72 6f2f 7470 522f 7065 6165
a s k e r : / o p t / R e p e a
0001400 4d74 646f 6c65 7265 6f2d 6570 2d6e 2e31
t M o d e l e r - o p e n - 1 .
0001420 2e30 3131 2f3a 706f 2f74 6173 7374 6d75
0 . 1 1 : / o p t / s a t s u m
0001440 2d61 6f63 6564 302d 2f3a 706f 2f74 696d
a - c o d e - 0 : / o p t / m i
0001460 696e 616d 3270 2f3a 706f 2f74 7774 426f
n i m a p 2 : / o p t / t w o B
0001500 7469 6f54 6146 322d 3130 3138 3231 3a38
i t T o F a - 2 0 1 8 1 1 2 8 :
0001520 6f2f 7470 672f 2d74 2e31 2e35 3031 4c2d
/ o p t / g t - 1 . 5 . 1 0 - L
0001540 6e69 7875 785f 3638 365f 2d34 3436 6962
i n u x _ x 8 6 _ 6 4 - 6 4 b i
0001560 2d74 6f63 706d 656c 6574 622f 6e69 2f3a
t - c o m p l e t e / b i n : /
0001600 706f 2f74 7573 6570 6e72 766f 2d61 2e32
o p t / s u p e r n o v a - 2 .
0001620 2e31 3a31 6f2f 7470 672f 5f6d 7465 6c5f
1 . 1 : / o p t / g m _ e t _ l
0001640 6e69 7875 365f 2f34 6d67 7365 705f 7465
i n u x _ 6 4 / g m e s _ p e t
0001660 7061 2f3a 706f 2f74 7467 2d68 2e31 2e37
a p : / o p t / g t h - 1 . 7 .
0001700 2d31 694c 756e 5f78 3878 5f36 3436 362d
1 - L i n u x _ x 8 6 _ 6 4 - 6
0001720 6234 7469 622f 6e69 2f3a 706f 2f74 7865
4 b i t / b i n : / o p t / e x
0001740 6e6f 7265 7461 2d65 2e32 2e34 2f30 6962
o n e r a t e - 2 . 4 . 0 / b i
0001760 3a6e 6f2f 7470 422f 4152 454b 2f52 6373
n : / o p t / B R A K E R / s c
0002000 6972 7470 3a73 6f2f 7470 622f 6c63 6632
r i p t s : / o p t / b c l 2 f
0002020 7361 7174 662d 6e69 6c61 622f 2f3a 6e73
a s t q - f i n a l / b : / s n
0002040 7061 622f 6e69
a p / b i n
0002046
我认为原始的/ etc / environment文件是相同的