我正在创建一个没有框架/工具/库的Web应用程序。为什么?没关系
所有Vanilla JS。我正在做更多的“反应”风格。我想知道,当用户单击仪表板导航链接时,如何调用我的views / pages / dashboard.js中的视图并显示该视图?
也许是子导航项。如果用户位于个人资料上的github文件夹中,该如何在网址中显示呢?
如何为此创建路由?我已阅读了观看过的YouTube视频的文章,但似乎无法在此处实现。
这是GitHUb仓库:https://github.com/AurelianSpodarec/JS_GitHub_Replica/tree/master/src/js
所有文章在那里。
我很新,所以想弄清楚。
这是我尝试过的
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
var Router = function (name, routes) {
return {
name: name,
routes: routes
}
};
var view = document.getElementsByClassName('main-container');
var myRouter = new Router('myRouter', [
{
path: '/',
name: "Dahsboard"
},
{
path: '/todo',
name: "To-Do"
},
{
path: '/calendar',
name: "Calendar"
}
]);
var currentPath = window.location.pathname;
if (currentPath === '/') {
view.innerHTML = "You are on the Dashboard";
console.log(view);
} else {
view.innerHTML = "you are not";
}
});
当用户单击导航上的项目时,显示加载视图。因此,这是导航栏:https://codepen.io/Aurelian/pen/EGJvZW,我想加载正确的视图并更改url。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
正如我在评论中所说,监听popstate
并使用井号(#
)方法是在JS中进行路由的最简单方法。
这是路由器最裸露的骨头:
//App area
var appArea = document.body.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
//Registered routes
var routes = [
{
url: '', callback: function () {
appArea.innerHTML = "<h1>Home</h1><a href=\"#todo\">To-Do</a><br/><a href=\"#calendar\">Calendar</a>";
}
}
];
//Routing function
function Routing() {
var hash = window.location.hash.substr(1).replace(/\//ig, '/');
//Default route is first registered route
var route = routes[0];
//Find matching route
for (var index = 0; index < routes.length; index++) {
var testRoute = routes[index];
if (hash == testRoute.url) {
route = testRoute;
}
}
//Fire route
route.callback();
}
//Listener
window.addEventListener('popstate', Routing);
//Initial call
setTimeout(Routing, 0);
//Add other routes
routes.push({ url: "todo", callback: function () { appArea.innerHTML = "<h1>To-Do</h1><a href=\"#\">Home</a><br/><a href=\"#calendar\">Calendar</a>"; } });
routes.push({ url: "calendar", callback: function () { appArea.innerHTML = "<h1>Calendar</h1><a href=\"#\">Home</a></br><a href=\"#todo\">To-Do</a>"; } });
现在,在任何实际环境中,您都需要可重用的DOM元素和作用域卸载函数,因此,上面的内容应如下所示:
// ## Class ## //
var Router = /** @class */ (function () {
function Router() {
}
//Initializer function. Call this to change listening for window changes.
Router.init = function () {
//Remove previous event listener if set
if (this.listener !== null) {
window.removeEventListener('popstate', this.listener);
this.listener = null;
}
//Set new listener for "popstate"
this.listener = window.addEventListener('popstate', function () {
//Callback to Route checker on window state change
this.checkRoute.call(this);
}.bind(this));
//Call initial routing as soon as thread is available
setTimeout(function () {
this.checkRoute.call(this);
}.bind(this), 0);
return this;
};
//Adding a route to the list
Router.addRoute = function (name, url, cb) {
var route = this.routes.find(function (r) { return r.name === name; });
url = url.replace(/\//ig, '/');
if (route === void 0) {
this.routes.push({
callback: cb,
name: name.toString().toLowerCase(),
url: url
});
}
else {
route.callback = cb;
route.url = url;
}
return this;
};
//Adding multiple routes to list
Router.addRoutes = function (routes) {
var _this = this;
if (routes === void 0) { routes = []; }
routes
.forEach(function (route) {
_this.addRoute(route.name, route.url, route.callback);
});
return this;
};
//Removing a route from the list by route name
Router.removeRoute = function (name) {
name = name.toString().toLowerCase();
this.routes = this.routes
.filter(function (route) {
return route.name != name;
});
return this;
};
//Check which route to activate
Router.checkRoute = function () {
//Get hash
var hash = window.location.hash.substr(1).replace(/\//ig, '/');
//Default to first registered route. This should probably be your 404 page.
var route = this.routes[0];
//Check each route
for (var routeIndex = 0; routeIndex < this.routes.length; routeIndex++) {
var routeToTest = this.routes[routeIndex];
if (routeToTest.url == hash) {
route = routeToTest;
break;
}
}
//Run all destroy tasks
this.scopeDestroyTasks
.forEach(function (task) {
task();
});
//Reset destroy task list
this.scopeDestroyTasks = [];
//Fire route callback
route.callback.call(window);
};
//Register scope destroy tasks
Router.onScopeDestroy = function (cb) {
this.scopeDestroyTasks.push(cb);
return this;
};
//Tasks to perform when view changes
Router.scopeDestroyTasks = [];
//Registered Routes
Router.routes = [];
//Listener handle for window events
Router.listener = null;
Router.scopeDestroyTaskID = 0;
return Router;
}());
// ## Implementation ## //
//Router area
var appArea = document.body.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
//Start router when content is loaded
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
Router.init();
});
//Add dashboard route
Router.addRoute("dashboard", "", (function dashboardController() {
//Scope specific elements
var header = document.createElement("h1");
header.textContent = "Dashboard";
//Return initializer function
return function initialize() {
//Apply route
appArea.appendChild(header);
//Destroy elements on exit
Router.onScopeDestroy(dashboardExitController);
};
//Unloading function
function dashboardExitController() {
appArea.removeChild(header);
}
})());
//Add dashboard route
Router.addRoute("dashboard", "", (function dashboardController() {
//Scope specific elements
var header = document.createElement("h1");
header.textContent = "Dashboard";
var links = document.createElement("ol");
links.innerHTML = "<li><a href=\"#todo\">To-Do</a></li><li><a href=\"#calendar\">Calendar</a></li>";
//Return initializer function
return function initialize() {
//Apply route
appArea.appendChild(header);
appArea.appendChild(links);
//Destroy elements on exit
Router.onScopeDestroy(dashboardExitController);
};
//Unloading function
function dashboardExitController() {
appArea.removeChild(header);
appArea.removeChild(links);
}
})());
//Add other routes
Router.addRoutes([
{
name: "todo",
url: "todo",
callback: (function todoController() {
//Scope specific elements
var header = document.createElement("h1");
header.textContent = "To-do";
var links = document.createElement("ol");
links.innerHTML = "<li><a href=\"#\">Dashboard</a></li><li><a href=\"#calendar\">Calendar</a></li>";
//Return initializer function
return function initialize() {
//Apply route
appArea.appendChild(header);
appArea.appendChild(links);
//Destroy elements on exit
Router.onScopeDestroy(todoExitController);
};
//Unloading function
function todoExitController() {
appArea.removeChild(header);
appArea.removeChild(links);
}
})()
},
{
name: "calendar",
url: "calendar",
callback: (function calendarController() {
//Scope specific elements
var header = document.createElement("h1");
header.textContent = "Calendar";
var links = document.createElement("ol");
links.innerHTML = "<li><a href=\"#\">Dashboard</a></li><li><a href=\"#todo\">To-Do</a></li>";
//Return initializer function
return function initialize() {
//Apply route
appArea.appendChild(header);
appArea.appendChild(links);
//Destroy elements on exit
Router.onScopeDestroy(calendarExitController);
};
//Unloading function
function calendarExitController() {
appArea.removeChild(header);
appArea.removeChild(links);
}
})()
}
]);
答案 1 :(得分:2)
制作普通 SPA 至少有两种基本方法。
该策略是向 window.onhashchange
添加一个侦听器(或侦听 hashchange 事件),每当 URL 中的哈希值从 https://www.example.com/#/foo
更改为 {{1 }}。可以解析window.location.hash
字符串确定路由并注入相关内容。
https://www.example.com/#/bar
现代方法使用 History API,这对用户来说更自然,因为 URL 中不涉及哈希字符。
我使用的策略是为所有同域链接点击添加一个事件监听器。侦听器使用目标 URL 调用 window.history.pushState
。
使用 popstate
事件捕获“返回”浏览器事件,该事件解析 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<div id="app"></div>
<script>
const nav = `<a href="/#/">Home</a> |
<a href="/#/about">About</a> |
<a href="/#/contact">Contact</a>`;
const routes = {
"": `<h1>Home</h1>${nav}<p>Welcome home!</p>`,
"about": `<h1>About</h1>${nav}<p>This is a tiny SPA</p>`,
};
const render = path => {
document.querySelector("#app")
.innerHTML = routes[path.replace(/^#\//, "")] || `<h1>404</h1>${nav}`;
};
window.onhashchange = evt => render(window.location.hash);
render(window.location.hash);
</script>
</body>
</html>
以调用正确的路由。
window.location.href
以上示例尽可能少。我在 Glitch 上有一个功能更全面的概念证明,它添加了基于组件的系统和模块。
如果您想处理更复杂的路线,route-parser
包可以节省一些车轮改造。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
您可以使用navigo或通过看看别人在做什么来进行头脑风暴。
远离React / Angular的另一种选择是使用sapper,您可以对there中的框架进行真正的揭示性比较。
我认为路由器应该是通用的,不仅显示/隐藏应用程序的现有部分,而且还向服务器发送请求并接收Ajax响应以包含页面;这样,对/eshop/phones/samsung
的请求应发出ajax请求,并在诸如<div id="eshop">
之类的节点上包含html代码。这样我们就需要:
1)一个阻止所有clicks
并重新格式化浏览器路径和
2)回调,该怎么做
仅此而已!
SEO是通过将完全相同的url与实际缓存的页面映射来实现的;此类url是路由器处理某些内容的一个子集,如上面所述,会导致动态构建页面。
从网络机器人的角度来看,动态构建的页面需要运行js代码,路由器+支持代码(该机器人可以运行js,但即使这样,路径也只是从转换为路径,因此无法用于索引编制,但应可用于书签!)。
现在,您在路由器顶部具有 SEO +书签功能,这很难从Angular说起(这太复杂了,以至于当一个应用程序完成时,您不知道如何重用)它到另一个项目!)。
最终,这样的路由器将一台服务器映射为一个服务器,用于缓存的页面的URL +动态构建的页面部分的URL,它是最小的,并且将SPA和服务器呈现的页面结合在一起。