我有一个Spring / JPA Web应用程序,我想为其编写一些测试。理想情况下,我希望能够:
我知道Spring提供的类可以提供我正在寻求的事务行为。理想情况下,最终解决方案看起来像这样
// This dataset will be used for all tests that don't override it with their own annotation
@TestData('/dbunit/dataSetDefault.xml')
public class MyTests extends ProbablySomethingFromTheSpringFramework {
@Test
void testWithDefaultDataSet() {
// Transaction is implicitly started here
// My test code goes here
// A transaction is implicitly rolled-back here
}
@TestData('/dbunit/dataSetCustom.xml')
@Test
void testWithCustomDataSet() {
// Same as the other test
}
}
显然,父类和@TestData
是虚构的,是否有可用的东西提供我正在寻找的功能?
这就留下了如何创建测试数据库模式的问题。理想情况下,这将在所有测试运行之前发生一次(由Maven)。有人可以建议我怎么做到这一点?我想它涉及使用某些东西将JPA注释转换为DDL,然后将其他东西加载到测试数据库模式中。
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:4)
理想情况下,我希望能够:
- 在之前创建测试数据库模式(来自JPA注释类) 测试运行
至少Hibernate可以从带注释的类创建数据库,我想其他的JPA实现也可以。
- 在其自己的事务中运行每个测试方法,该事务在回滚时回滚 测试完成
在那里查看@TransactionConfiguration和 defaultRollback - 值,以及AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests(至少还有JUnit 3.8和TestNG的类似抽象类),请仔细看看javadocs中的参见 - 部分,它们指向许多非常有用的相关类和注释。
- 指定要为每个测试加载的(DbUnit)数据集 每级或每个方法级别。该 应该在之后加载测试数据 交易已经开始了 测试数据也将被回滚 测试完成时
我实际上并没有使用过DbUnit,但至少使用JUnit,你可以使用@Before和@BeforeClass分别在每个测试和类之前运行方法(还有@After和@AfterClass )。如果您有类层次结构,那么@ Before / @ BeforeClass -annotated方法将以扩展顺序运行(首先是baseclass)。有关运行sql脚本的信息,请参阅示例SimpleJdbcTestUtils。
- 将Spring bean注入测试类
AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests是ApplicationContextAware,另请参阅@ContextConfiguration进行设置。
最后,这里有一个简单的基础类我用来扩展我的实际集成测试(Spring 3,JUnit4,Hibernate作为JPA-provider,如果重要的话):
//test-context, same as normal context, except uses H2 for in-memory database and has some stuff for faking session- and request-scope
@ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext-test.xml")
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="txManager", defaultRollback=true)
@Transactional
public abstract class IntegrationTestBase extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests
{
@PersistenceContext
protected EntityManager em;
@Autowired
protected SomeService serviceAvailableToSubclasses;
@Before
public void beforeEachTest()
{
//fill database with testdata and whatever you need to, runs before each test in extending classes
}
@After
public void afterEachTest()
{
//Do something, if you need to, or just remove this
}
}
从此扩展,您可以在派生类中使用@ Transaction,@ Autowired等,或者派生出更具体的抽象测试基类(我有例如IntegrationSessionTestBase和IntegrationSessionNewRequestPerTestBase用于不同类型的测试,需要新的会话和/或每次测试的请求。)
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我已经使用基于JPA(Hibernate)的简单应用程序完成了这项工作。
<project
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.soebes.casestudy</groupId>
<artifactId>casestudy</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Case Study Pizza Ordering</name>
<url>Pizza Ordering</url>
<properties>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<hibernate-core-version>3.4.0.GA</hibernate-core-version>
<database.driverClassName>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</database.driverClassName>
<database.url>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/casestudy</database.url>
<database.dialect>org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</database.dialect>
<database.root.user>root</database.root.user>
<database.root.password>root</database.root.password>
<database.user>casestudy</database.user>
<database.password>casestudy</database.password>
<database.database>casestudy</database.database>
</properties>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate3-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>hibernate-create-schema</id>
<phase>generate-test-sources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>hbm2ddl</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<components>
<component>
<name>hbm2ddl</name>
<implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation>
</component>
</components>
<componentProperties>
<configurationfile>/src/main/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml</configurationfile>
<jdk5>true</jdk5>
<packagename>com.soebes.casestudy.bo</packagename>
<console>false</console>
<outputfilename>create.sql</outputfilename>
<drop>false</drop>
<create>true</create>
<update>false</update>
<export>false</export>
<format>true</format>
</componentProperties>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>hibernate-drop-schema</id>
<phase>generate-test-sources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>hbm2ddl</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<components>
<component>
<name>hbm2ddl</name>
<implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation>
</component>
</components>
<componentProperties>
<configurationfile>/src/main/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml</configurationfile>
<jdk5>true</jdk5>
<packagename>com.soebes.casestudy.bo</packagename>
<console>false</console>
<outputfilename>drop.sql</outputfilename>
<drop>true</drop>
<create>false</create>
<update>false</update>
<export>false</export>
<format>true</format>
</componentProperties>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- common configuration shared by all executions -->
<configuration>
<driver>${database.driverClassName}</driver>
<url>${database.url}</url>
<username>${database.root.user}</username>
<password>${database.root.password}</password>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>drop-database</id>
<phase>generate-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<sqlCommand>
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS casestudy;
CREATE DATABASE casestudy;
GRANT ALL ON casestudy.* TO ${database.user} IDENTIFIED BY '${database.password}';
</sqlCommand>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>create-database</id>
<phase>generate-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>execute</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<sqlCommand>
USE casestudy;
</sqlCommand>
<srcFiles>
<srcFile>${project.build.directory}/hibernate3/sql/create.sql</srcFile>
</srcFiles>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate-core-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0.SP1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.4.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>5.14.6</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.13</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>