所以我有几个表示某些数据的csv文件,每个文件可能都有不同的初始注释行
table_doi: 10.17182/hepdata.52402.v1/t7
name: Table 7
...
ABS(YRAP), < 0.1
SQRT(S) [GeV], 1960
PT [GEV], PT [GEV] LOW, PT [GEV] HIGH, D2(SIG)/DYRAP/DPT [NB/GEV]
67, 62, 72, 6.68
...
613.5, 527, 700, 1.81E-07
我也只想读入相关数据及其标头(从行开始)
PT [GEV], PT [GEV] LOW, PT [GEV] HIGH, D2(SIG)/DYRAP/DPT [NB/GEV]
因此,我想到的策略是找到模式PT [GEV]
并从那里开始阅读。
但是,我不确定如何在Python中实现此目标,有人可以帮助我吗?
提前谢谢!
顺便说一句,我目前拥有的功能是
import os
import glob
import csv
def read_multicolumn_csv_files_into_dictionary(folderpath, dictionary):
filepath = folderpath + '*.csv'
files = sorted(glob.glob(filepath))
for file in files:
data_set = file.replace(folderpath, '').replace('.csv', '')
dictionary[data_set] = {}
with open(file, 'r') as data_file:
data_pipe = csv.DictReader(data_file)
dictionary[data_set]['pt'] = []
dictionary[data_set]['sigma'] = []
for row in data_pipe:
dictionary[data_set]['pt'].append(float(row['PT [GEV]']))
dictionary[data_set]['sigma'].append(float(row['D2(SIG)/DYRAP/DPT [NB/GEV]']))
return dictionary
仅在我手动删除csv文件中的初始注释时有效。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
结帐startswith
。另外,您可以在此处找到详细说明。 https://cmdlinetips.com/2018/01/3-ways-to-read-a-file-and-skip-initial-comments-in-python/
答案 1 :(得分:1)
假设每个文件都有以PT [GEV]
开头的行:
import os
import pandas as pd
...
csvs = []
for file in files:
with open(file) as f:
for i, l in enumerate(f):
if l.startswith('PT [GEV]'):
csvs.append(pd.read_csv(file, skiprows = i))
break
df = pd.concat(csvs)
答案 2 :(得分:1)
在将要搜索包含PT [GEV]
的行的地方尝试此操作,如果找到包含的行,它将把m
更改为true并开始将剩余的日期追加到列表中:
import csv
contain= 'PT [GEV]'
List=[]
m=false
with open('Users.csv', 'rt') as f:
reader = csv.reader(f, delimiter=',')
for row in reader:
for field in row:
if field == contain:
m=true
if m==true:
List.append(row)
答案 3 :(得分:1)
在阅读和跳过这些行时,可以使用file.tell
方法保存文件指针的位置,直到找到标题行为止,此时可以使用file.seek
方法来重置文件指针返回标题行的开头,以便csv.DictReader
可以将文件的其余部分解析为有效的CSV:
with open(file, 'r') as data_file:
while True:
position = data_file.tell()
line = next(data_file)
if line.count(',') == 3: # or whatever condition your header line satisfies
data_file.seek(position) # reset file pointer to the beginning of the header line
break
data_pipe = csv.DictReader(data_file)
...
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我只需要创建一个帮助函数即可将您的csv阅读器获取第一条记录:
def remove_comments_from_file():
file_name = "super_secret_file.csv"
file = open(file_name, 'rU')
csv_read_file = csv.reader(file)
for row in csv_read_file:
if row[0] == "PT [GEV]"
break
return csv_read_file
类似的事情,当返回csv阅读器时,它将从您的第一条记录开始(在此示例中-67、62、72、6.68)