创建自动EBS快照

Question

我一直想在特定时间间隔（每周说一次）上设置自动EBS快照，为此，我使用了Google，发现可以使用Shell脚本完成此任务，并且在this链接。

这是整个脚本，我正在使用：

    #!/bin/bash

# Volume list file will have volume-id:Volume-name format

VOLUMES_LIST = /var/log/volumes-list
SNAPSHOT_INFO = /var/log/snapshot_info
DATE = `date +%Y-%m-%d`
REGION = "ap-south-1a"

# Snapshots Retention Period for each volume snapshot
RETENTION=6

SNAP_CREATION = /var/log/snap_creation
SNAP_DELETION = /var/log/snap_deletion

EMAIL_LIST = shishupal.shakya@itsmysun.com

echo "List of Snapshots Creation Status" > $SNAP_CREATION
echo "List of Snapshots Deletion Status" > $SNAP_DELETION

# Check whether the volumes list file is available or not?

if [ -f $VOLUMES_LIST ]; then

# Creating Snapshot for each volume using for loop

for VOL_INFO in `cat $VOLUMES_LIST`
do
# Getting the Volume ID and Volume Name into the Separate Variables.

VOL_ID = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $1}'`
VOL_NAME = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $2}'`

# Creating the Snapshot of the Volumes with Proper Description.

DESCRIPTION = "${VOL_NAME}_${DATE}"

/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 create-snapshot --volume-id $VOL_ID --description "$DESCRIPTION" --region $REGION &>> $SNAP_CREATION
done
else
echo "Volumes list file is not available : $VOLUMES_LIST Exiting." | mail -s "Snapshots Creation Status" $EMAIL_LIST
exit 1
fi

echo >> $SNAP_CREATION
echo >> $SNAP_CREATION

# Deleting the Snapshots which are 10 days old.

for VOL_INFO in `cat $VOLUMES_LIST`
do

# Getting the Volume ID and Volume Name into the Separate Variables.

VOL_ID = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $1}'`
VOL_NAME = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $2}'`

# Getting the Snapshot details of each volume.

/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 describe-snapshots --query Snapshots[*].[SnapshotId,VolumeId,Description,StartTime] --output text --filters "Name=status,Values=completed" "Name=volume-id,Values=$VOL_ID" | grep -v "CreateImage" > $SNAPSHOT_INFO

# Snapshots Retention Period Checking and if it crosses delete them.

while read SNAP_INFO
do
SNAP_ID=`echo $SNAP_INFO | awk '{print $1}'`
echo $SNAP_ID
SNAP_DATE=`echo $SNAP_INFO | awk '{print $4}' | awk -F"T" '{print $1}'`
echo $SNAP_DATE

# Getting the no.of days difference between a snapshot and present day.

RETENTION_DIFF = `echo $(($(($(date -d "$DATE" "+%s") - $(date -d "$SNAP_DATE" "+%s"))) / 86400))`
echo $RETENTION_DIFF

# Deleting the Snapshots which are older than the Retention Period

if [ $RETENTION -lt $RETENTION_DIFF ];
then
/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 delete-snapshot --snapshot-id $SNAP_ID --region $REGION --output text> /tmp/snap_del
echo DELETING $SNAP_INFO >> $SNAP_DELETION
fi
done < $SNAPSHOT_INFO
done

echo >> $SNAP_DELETION

# Merging the Snap Creation and Deletion Data

cat $SNAP_CREATION $SNAP_DELETION > /var/log/mail_report

# Sending the mail Update

cat /var/log/mail_report | mail -s "Volume Snapshots Status" $EMAIL_LIST

但是当我在终端上运行它时，它向我显示以下错误。

由于我是这种工作的新手，所以解决这个问题我一点也不感到不适。 请提出修复建议，最近几天以来我一直在解决此问题。

Answer 1

等号（{{1）}周围不能有空格。

=

正确的语法是：

FOO = 1
-bash: FOO: command not found

浏览脚本，删除语句中为变量赋值的所有空格。

但是还有另一个错误“ expecting do”-这使我认为脚本未使用正确的shell运行。尝试使用bash显式运行它而不是'sh ec2.sh'：FOO=1

Answer 2

通过AWS控制台进行操作会更容易。

在cloudwatch中，您创建一个新的事件规则。事件源是“预定的”。对于目标，选择“ EC2 Createsnapshot API调用”。输入卷ID（您可以在ec2实例控制台中找到它）。让AWS为该特定资源创建一个新角色。

就是这样！