我正在使用C开发一些软件。我的makefile中的一个目标运行测试，我使用time来记录运行时和valgrind来检查内存泄漏。当我直接从命令行调用其中一个较小的测试时，我得到了这个。
$ time valgrind bin/test data/gff3/example1.gff3 data/gff3/example2.gff3
==27268== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==27268== Copyright (C) 2002-2010, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==27268== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==27268== Command: bin/test data/gff3/example1.gff3 data/gff3/example2.gff3
==27268==
==27268==
==27268== HEAP SUMMARY:
==27268== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==27268== total heap usage: 4,001 allocs, 4,001 frees, 152,648 bytes allocated
==27268==
==27268== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==27268==
==27268== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==27268== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 4 from 4)
real 0m1.460s
user 0m1.330s
sys 0m0.110s
但是，当我从makefile中调用测试时（使用相同的命令），我得到了这个。
$ make mem
time valgrind bin/test data/gff3/example1.gff3 data/gff3/example2.gff3
==27265== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==27265== Copyright (C) 2002-2010, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==27265== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==27265== Command: bin/test data/gff3/example1.gff3 data/gff3/example2.gff3
==27265==
==27265==
==27265== HEAP SUMMARY:
==27265== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==27265== total heap usage: 4,001 allocs, 4,001 frees, 152,648 bytes allocated
==27265==
==27265== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==27265==
==27265== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==27265== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 4 from 4)
1.32user 0.10system 0:01.55elapsed 91%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 214752maxresident)k
24inputs+8outputs (1major+18568minor)pagefaults 0swaps
底部的time程序的输出似乎存在换行问题，以及直接从命令行调用时未看到的一些额外输出。我以前见过这个，当时我正在尝试用nohup运行的工作。
为什么会发生这种情况，我该怎么做才能获得一致的结果呢？
答案 0 :(得分：4)
时间是内置的bash。 Makefile的输出看起来像/ usr / bin / time的输出。获得一致结果的最简单方法是在命令行上运行'/ usr / bin / time'而不是时间。