游戏对象可以左右移动,但不能左右移动

时间:2019-01-03 20:41:49

标签: c++ sfml game-development

更新

我知道,提供部分代码并不能解决问题。文件很多,因此我将通过GitHub提供所有应用程序,供任何想尝试解决此问题的人:

https://github.com/johnydominus/CrimsonLikeGameSMFL


对不起,我的英语和编程知识很抱歉。我是新手。 我正在使用C ++和SFML SDK制作2D游戏。游戏类似于《绯红色之地》(CrimsonLand,2003年):玩家应该在地图上行走并射击怪兽,而他们却一直无法到达。 目前,玩家正在行走并且怪物在追赶他,但前提是他们的方向是向左或向上。如果需要的方向是正确的还是向下的-它们不会移动。怪物只是停留并凝视着玩家的方向。而且按下向右或向下按钮时播放器不会移动。

我已经实现了2个运动坐标系-相对于地图(以处理游戏事件,如带有子弹的交叉怪物)和相对于玩家(以“相机”为中心)。首先将运动写入地图坐标,然后将其转换为玩家相对坐标。因此,绘图使用玩家相对坐标。但是,它看起来好像不是绘图中的问题。

输入正常-我尝试更改移动分配(仅用于检查),并设置为在按下右键时向左移动,在按下向下键时向上移动-并起作用:玩家通过向上和向下按钮以及通过左右按钮向左移动。

我将尝试删除所有与问题无关的字符串。但是由于事实,我不清楚自己的错在哪里-将会有很多代码。 地图,怪物和玩家标头以及.cpp文件-游戏对象的声明和定义。 引擎标头和.cpp-引擎的声明和定义,用于处理对象交互。 输入和更新.cpp-引擎方法的定义,分别处理来自键盘的输入以及更新对象的位置和状态。

player.h

class Player :
    public Object
{
private:
    std::vector<float> mapSize{0,0};
    int speed = 1;

    POINT prevPosition;
    std::vector<float> relatMovement{ 0,0 };

    bool leftPressed;
    bool rightPressed;
    bool upPressed;
    bool downPressed;

public:
    POINT Position;
    POINT relatPosition;

    void moveLeft();
    void moveRight();
    void moveUp();
    void moveDown();
    void stopLeft();
    void stopRight();
    void stopUp();
    void stopDown();

    void update(float elapsedTime);
};

player.cpp

void Player::moveLeft()
{
    leftPressed = true;
}

void Player::moveRight()
{
    rightPressed = true;
}

void Player::moveUp()
{
    upPressed = true;
}

void Player::moveDown()
{
    downPressed = true;
}

void Player::stopLeft()
{
    leftPressed = false;
}

void Player::stopRight()
{
    rightPressed = false;
}

void Player::stopUp()
{
    upPressed = false;
}

void Player::stopDown()
{
    downPressed = false;
}

void Player::update(float elapsedTime)
{
    if (rightPressed) 
        Position.x += speed * elapsedTime;

    if (leftPressed)
        Position.x -= speed * elapsedTime;

    if (upPressed) 
        Position.y -= speed * elapsedTime;

    if (downPressed) 
        Position.y += speed * elapsedTime;

    relatMovement[0] = Position.x - prevPosition.x;
    relatMovement[1] = Position.y - prevPosition.y;

    prevPosition = Position;
}

monster.h

class Monster :
public Object
{
private:
float pathLength;
Player* thePlayer;
Map* theMap;
POINT playerPosition;
POINT playerRelatPosition;
POINT nextStep;
std::vector<float> playerRelatMovement{0,0};
std::vector<float> direction{ 0,0 };
std::vector<float> vSpeed{ 0,0 };

public:
POINT Position;
POINT relatPosition;

POINT checkUpdate(float elapsedTime);
void update(float elapsedTime, POINT position);
};

monster.cpp

POINT Monster::checkUpdate(float elapsedTime)
{
nextStep = Position;
playerPosition = *(thePlayer->getPosition());

direction[0] = playerPosition.x - Position.x;
direction[1] = playerPosition.y - Position.y;

pathLength = sqrt(pow(direction[0], 2) + pow(direction[1], 2));

direction[0] /= pathLength;
direction[1] /= pathLength;

vSpeed[0] = ((float)direction[0] * (float)speed)/10.0;
vSpeed[1] = ((float)direction[1] * (float)speed)/10.0;

nextStep.x += vSpeed[0];
nextStep.y += vSpeed[1];

return nextStep;
}

void Monster::update(float elapsedTime, POINT aNextStep)
{
Position = aNextStep;
playerPosition = *(thePlayer->getPosition());
playerRelatPosition = *(thePlayer->getRelatPosition());

relatPosition.x = playerRelatPosition.x + (Position.x - playerPosition.x);
relatPosition.y = playerRelatPosition.y + (Position.y - playerPosition.y);

shape.left = Position.x - (size[0] / 2);
shape.right = Position.x + (size[0] / 2);
shape.top = Position.y - (size[1] / 2);
shape.bottom = Position.y + (size[1] / 2);

}

map.h

class Map:
public Object
{
private:
std::vector<float> relatMovement{0,0};
std::vector<float> size{0,0};
Player* thePlayer;

public:
POINT Position;
POINT relatPosition;

void update();
};

map.cpp

Map::Map()
{
Position.x = 0;
Position.y = 0;
}

void Map::update()
{
relatMovement = *(thePlayer->getRelatMovement());
relatPosition.x -= relatMovement[0];
relatPosition.y -= relatMovement[1];
}

Engine.h

class Engine
{
private:
Player thePlayer;
Map theMap;
Monster* allMonsters;

    int mapXstart=0, mapYstart=0, ammoNumberStart=0, enemiesNumberStart=0;

void input();
void update(float timeInSeconds);
void draw();

void setWindowSize(int mapX, int mapY);
void setMapSize(float mapWidth, float mapHeight);

public:
void start();
};

Engine.cpp

Engine::Engine()
{
//setting map sprites
a = ((mapY+windowY) / theMap.mSprite.getTexture()->getSize().y) + 1;
b = ((mapX+windowX) / theMap.mSprite.getTexture()->getSize().x) + 1;
mapSprites = new sf::Sprite*[a];
for (i = 0; i < a; i++) {
    mapSprites[i] = new sf::Sprite[b];
    for (j = 0; j < b; j++) {
        mapSprites[i][j].setTexture(*theMap.mSprite.getTexture());
    }
}

//setting window
mWindow.create(sf::VideoMode(windowX, windowY), "CrimsonLikeGame", sf::Style::Default);

//setting game objects
//map
int mapRelX, mapRelY;
mapRelX = (windowX / 2) - (mapX / 2);
mapRelY = (windowY / 2) - (mapY / 2);

theMap.setRelativePosition(mapRelX, mapRelY);
theMap.setSize(mapX, mapY);
theMap.setPlayer(&thePlayer);

//player
thePlayer.setPosition(mapX/2,mapY/2);
thePlayer.setRelativePosition(windowX / 2, windowY / 2);
thePlayer.setMapSize(mapX, mapY);

//monsters
allMonsters = new Monster[enemiesNumber];

for (i = 0; i < enemiesNumber; i++) {
    allMonsters[i].setPlayer(&thePlayer);
    allMonsters[i].setMap(&theMap);
}
}   

void Engine::start()
{
sf::Clock clock;

//game loop
while (mWindow.isOpen()) {
    sf::Time dt = clock.restart();
    float dtAsSeconds = dt.asSeconds();

    input();
    update(dtAsSeconds);
    draw();
}
}

input.cpp

void Engine::input() {
if (sf::Keyboard::isKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Escape)) {
    mWindow.close();
}

if (sf::Keyboard::isKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Left)) {
    thePlayer.moveLeft();
}
else {
    thePlayer.stopLeft();
}

if (sf::Keyboard::isKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Right)) {
    thePlayer.moveRight();
}
else {
    thePlayer.stopRight();
}

if (sf::Keyboard::isKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Up)) {
    thePlayer.moveUp();
}
else {
    thePlayer.stopUp();
}

if (sf::Keyboard::isKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Down)) {
    thePlayer.moveDown();
}
else {
    thePlayer.stopDown();
}

if (sf::Mouse::isButtonPressed(sf::Mouse::Left)) {
    mouseButtonPressed = true;
}
else {
    mouseButtonPressed = false;
}
}

update.cpp

void Engine::update(float timeInSeconds) {

if (thePlayer.isAlive()&&enemiesAlive) {

    thePlayer.update(timeInSeconds);
    theMap.update();

    //Writing down, where each monster is going to go by it's next step
    for (i = 0; i < enemiesNumber; i++) {
        if (allMonsters[i].isAlive()) {
            enemiesNextSteps[i] = allMonsters[i].checkUpdate(timeInSeconds);
        }
    }

    //cheking - does anybody is going to collide
    for (i = 0; i < enemiesNumber; i++) {
        if (allMonsters[i].isAlive()) {
            int j;
            for (j = 0; j < enemiesNumber; j++) {
                if (j == i)
                    continue;
                else {
                    if ((((allMonsters[i].shape.left <= allMonsters[j].shape.right) && (allMonsters[i].shape.left >= allMonsters[j].shape.left)) || ((allMonsters[i].shape.right <= allMonsters[j].shape.right) && (allMonsters[i].shape.right >= allMonsters[j].shape.left))) && (((allMonsters[i].shape.bottom >= allMonsters[j].shape.top) && (allMonsters[i].shape.bottom <= allMonsters[j].shape.bottom)) || ((allMonsters[i].shape.top >= allMonsters[j].shape.top) && (allMonsters[i].shape.top <= allMonsters[j].shape.bottom)))) {
                        monstersCollide[i] = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    //updating each alive monster position without collisions
    for (i = 0; i < enemiesNumber; i++) {
        if (allMonsters[i].isAlive()/*&&!monstersCollide[i]*/) {
            allMonsters[i].setPosition(enemiesNextSteps[i]);
            allMonsters[i].update(timeInSeconds, enemiesNextSteps[i]);
        }
    }
}
else {                                       
//if player is dead - restart the game
    thePlayer.setAlive(true);
    for (i = 0; i < enemiesNumber; i++) {
        allMonsters[i].setAlive(true);
    }
}
}

我试图弄清楚半天。希望您能解决这个问题。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

好的。我实际上已经构建并运行了这段代码,而导致移动问题的根本原因是使用整数作为坐标,并导致不对称:

if (rightPressed) 
    Position.x += speed * elapsedTime;

if (leftPressed)
    Position.x -= speed * elapsedTime;

这两个乍一看似乎相当,但是当您考虑实际发生的情况时,它们会略有不同。因为您的速度相对较低(1.0),而经过的时间也相对较低(例如~0.016一帧),所以差异最终会减少一倍。要了解接下来会发生什么,您需要查看类型转换。

这些语句实际上等效于:

Position.x = Position.x + (speed * elapsedTime);

由于speedelapsedTime是浮点数,因此Position.x也被提升为浮点数。然后,将分数相加或相减,然后然后将结果转换回整数。

如果向左移动,则数字例如100转换为100.0,然后减去0.016,得到99.984。然后,整数转换将删除小数部分,从而得到99的值,并且可以观察到玩家位置的变化。

在向右移动的情况下,我们执行相同的操作,但最终得到的值为100.016。再次将其转换回整数结果,其值为100


要解决此问题,最简单的解决方案是使玩家的位置也使用浮点数。然后,小的变化将被适当地累积。您可能会发现播放器的移动速度比起初预期的要慢,因为整数夹紧效果将消失。将速度设置为60应该使您或多或少回到原来的位置。