Yocto / Poky:在单独的层上安装和使用共享库.so

时间:2019-01-03 16:49:46

标签: c makefile yocto autotools

我正在尝试学习如何使用Yocto构建自定义linux映像,并且正在努力通过共享库和使用它的程序来创建映像。

我从关注this tutorial开始,一切顺利。然后,我尝试在两个不同的层中将程序与库分开,但没有成功。

我从库代码开始:

greetings.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "greetings.h"
void get_greeting(char * buffer) {

    if(buffer == NULL) {
        return;
    }

    char greeting[] = "Hello world from the greetings lib\n";
    strcpy(buffer, greeting);
    return;
}

greetings.h

void get_greeting(char * buffer);

Makefile.am

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign

lib_LTLIBRARIES = libgreetings.la
libgreetings_la_SOURCES = greetings.c

include_HEADERS = greetings.h
libgreetings_la_CFLAGS = -Wall -Werror -fPIC
libgreetings_la_LDFLAGS = -shared
ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4

configure.ac

AC_INIT([Greetings lib], 1.0)
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
AC_PROG_CC
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
LT_INIT()
AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile)
AC_OUTPUT

我将此代码添加到git存储库中,并使用layer.conf和配方文件创建了一个“元问候”层:

layer.conf

# We have a conf and classes directory, add to BBPATH
BBPATH .= ":${LAYERDIR}"

# We have recipes-* directories, add to BBFILES
BBFILES += "${LAYERDIR}/recipes-*/*/*.bb \
            ${LAYERDIR}/recipes-*/*/*.bbappend"

BBFILE_COLLECTIONS += "meta-greetings"
BBFILE_PATTERN_meta-greetings = "^${LAYERDIR}/"
BBFILE_PRIORITY_meta-greetings = "6"

LAYERDEPENDS_meta-greetings = "core"
LAYERSERIES_COMPAT_meta-greetings = "thud"
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " greetings"

recipes-greetings / greetings / greetings_0.1.bb

SUMMARY = "bitbake-layers recipe"
DESCRIPTION = "Simple helloworld lib"
DEPENDS = ""
LICENSE = "MIT"
LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://LICENSE;md5=96af5705d6f64a88e035781ef00e98a8"

KBRANCH = "master"
SRCREV = "1a908a8f8616af704ce71d693e88c6d4498f24c4"

SRC_URI = "git://bitbucket.org/Grifo/greetings_lib.git;branch=${KBRANCH};protocol=ssh"

S = "${WORKDIR}/git"

inherit autotools

到目前为止,我已经将这一层添加到了bblayers文件中,然后继续编译最终图像。我在qemu中运行它,甚至看到了/ usr / lib中的文件:

enter image description here

但是,没有“ libgreetings.so”。我不知道是否可能是问题的原因(仍要解释),但是前面提到的教程也得到了类似的结果,所以我继续进行。

之后,我做了程序:

helloworld.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include "greetings.h"
int main(void) {
    char greeting[40];
    get_greeting(greeting);
    printf("Hello world!\n");
    printf("%s", greeting);
    return 0;
}

Makefile.am

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign

bin_PROGRAMS = hello_world
hello_world_SOURCES = helloworld.c
hello_world_LDADD = $(libdir)/libgreetings.so
ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4

configure.ac

AC_INIT([Hello world], 1.0)
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
AC_PROG_CC
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile)
AC_OUTPUT

将此代码添加到git中,并使用文件创建“ meta-helloworld”层:

layer.conf

# We have a conf and classes directory, add to BBPATH
BBPATH .= ":${LAYERDIR}"

# We have recipes-* directories, add to BBFILES
BBFILES += "${LAYERDIR}/recipes-*/*/*.bb \
            ${LAYERDIR}/recipes-*/*/*.bbappend"

BBFILE_COLLECTIONS += "meta-helloworld"
BBFILE_PATTERN_meta-helloworld = "^${LAYERDIR}/"
BBFILE_PRIORITY_meta-helloworld = "7"

LAYERDEPENDS_meta-helloworld = "core meta-greetings"
LAYERSERIES_COMPAT_meta-helloworld = "thud"
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " helloworld"

recipes-helloworld / helloworld / helloworld_0.1.bb

SUMMARY = "bitbake-layers helloworld"
DESCRIPTION = "Simple helloworld program"

LICENSE = "MIT"
LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://LICENSE;md5=96af5705d6f64a88e035781ef00e98a8"

KBRANCH = "master"
SRCREV = "6a29425473286028e85e74003f2f57ecaf766354"

SRC_URI = "git://bitbucket.org/Grifo/hello_world.git;branch=${KBRANCH};protocol=ssh"

DEPENDS = "greetings"

S = "${WORKDIR}/git"

inherit autotools

所有这些之后,我再次对最终图像进行了烘焙,但是出现以下错误:

(...)
Sstate summary: Wanted 7 Found 0 Missed 7 Current 737 (0% match, 99% complete)
NOTE: Executing SetScene Tasks
NOTE: Executing RunQueue Tasks
ERROR: helloworld-0.1-r0 do_compile: oe_runmake failed
ERROR: helloworld-0.1-r0 do_compile: Function failed: do_compile (log file is located at /var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/build/tmp/work/armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi/helloworld/0.1-r0/temp/log.do_compile.12040)
ERROR: Logfile of failure stored in: /var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/build/tmp/work/armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi/helloworld/0.1-r0/temp/log.do_compile.12040
Log data follows:
| DEBUG: SITE files ['endian-little', 'bit-32', 'arm-common', 'arm-32', 'common-linux', 'common-glibc', 'arm-linux', 'arm-linux-gnueabi', 'common']
| DEBUG: Executing shell function do_compile
| NOTE: make -j 8
| make: *** No rule to make target `/usr/lib/libgreetings.so', needed by `hello_world'.  Stop.
| ERROR: oe_runmake failed
| WARNING: /var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/build/tmp/work/armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi/helloworld/0.1-r0/temp/run.do_compile.12040:1 exit 1 from 'exit 1'
| ERROR: Function failed: do_compile (log file is located at /var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/build/tmp/work/armv5e-poky-linux-gnueabi/helloworld/0.1-r0/temp/log.do_compile.12040)
ERROR: Task (/var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/meta-helloworld/recipes-helloworld/helloworld/helloworld_0.1.bb:do_compile) failed with exit code '1'
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 1966 tasks of which 1965 didn't need to be rerun and 1 failed.

Summary: 1 task failed:
  /var/tmp/workspaces/grifo/poky/meta-helloworld/recipes-helloworld/helloworld/helloworld_0.1.bb:do_compile
Summary: There was 1 WARNING message shown.
Summary: There were 2 ERROR messages shown, returning a non-zero exit code.

对于这个很长的问题,我感到很抱歉,但是我感觉我需要提供所有详细信息,因为我不知道问题是来自我的配方还是我的自动工具文件。

在构建配方并使用yocto对其进行编译之前,我首先使用Shell在宿主计算机中对其进行了编译和运行,并且一切正常。我编译并make install编写了问候语库(/ usr / local / lib),然后编译了helloworld程序,该程序可以正常运行。

我知道我可以轻松地在同一层中全部执行此操作,但是我试图在单独的层中执行此操作以模拟不同的项目。我的另一个要求是使用自动工具代替cmake。

先谢谢您

Grifo

编辑:

我成功了!谢谢Alexander Kanavin为我指明了正确的方向。我只需要在helloworld的Makefile.am中将hello_world_LDADD = $(libdir)/libgreetings.so更改为hello_world_LDADD = -lgreetings

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

libgreetings.so是仅用于开发的文件,因此不会安装到映像中(除非您还安装了libgreetings-dev软件包-就是它所在的位置)。

在交叉编译期间,通常需要指定要链接的库,如下所示: -问候

因此将hello_world_LDADD = $(libdir)/libgreetings.so更改为hello_world_LDADD = -lgreetings

我将从那开始。通常,您不应该像在makefile中那样对它们进行硬编码,而应该“发现”并检查configure.ac中的库(例如,使用pkg-config,假设您的库安装了相应的.pc文件),并设置适当的编译器和链接器标志:

PKG_CHECK_MODULES(问候,[问候])

然后,在Makefile.am中:

hello_world_LDADD = $(GREETINGS_LIBS)