我正在使用matplotlib创建OHLC烛台股价图表。我正在使用mpl_finance的Candlestick_ohlc模块来创建图表。创建图表很简单，但是图表底部的x和y轴显示显示给定光标位置的日期和y轴值，但是我希望x和y轴显示显示日期和打开的日期，高，低，关闭（ohlc）值，而不仅仅是日期和y轴光标位置值。报价数据集采用元组列表的格式，其中每个元组都包含日期（数字），后跟打开，最高，最低，关闭和成交量。我正在尝试使用matplotlib的format_coord函数来指定ohlc值，但是我不知道如何获取format_coord函数来接受包含日期和相关ohlc值的列表作为输入，然后给出所需的日期和OHLC输出。以下是我编写的一些简化的代码，它们展示了我的问题： 现在，下面的代码已被修改，可以完全正常工作：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter, WeekdayLocator, DayLocator, MONDAY
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ohlc
from matplotlib.dates import date2num, num2date
def ohlc_daily_date_axis():
mondays = WeekdayLocator(MONDAY)
alldays = DayLocator()
weekFormatter = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y') # e.g., Jan 12 2018
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mondays)
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(alldays)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(weekFormatter)
candlestick_ohlc(ax, quotes, width=0.6)
ax.xaxis_date()
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(), rotation=45,
horizontalalignment='right')
#the following line puts the ohlc data in the y axis display
ax.format_coord = get_ohlc_from_date_xy
# the following line puts the ohlc data in the x axis display
#ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date_x
plt.show()
def get_ohlc_from_date_x(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
def get_ohlc_from_date_xy(dateasnum,y):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
#print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
#print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = 'open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
return dte, ohlc_str
# This def does not work
def format_coord(x,y, quotes):
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(x) == quotes[i]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
y = 'open: ' + open # I'm just using open to simplify things
x = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y')
return (x,y)
if __name__ == '__main__':
ohlc_daily_date_axis()
如果按原样运行此代码，则会收到以下错误（这是我使用不正确的def format_coord（x，y，quotes）方法时遇到的错误）：
File "/Users/Me/Mee/python_db_programs/learn_matplotlib_test.py", line 33,
in ohlc_daily_date_axis
ax.format_coord = format_coord(quotes)
TypeError: format_coord() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'y'
and 'quotes'
如果我注释掉ax.format_coord = format_coord（quotes）行，那么代码可以正常运行，但是在x和y显示中没有我想要的日期和ohlc值。对于如何进行的任何帮助将不胜感激。
我最终没有尝试更改y显示，而是将ohlc值添加到x显示。这意味着我将ax.format_coord = format_coord（quotes）更改为仅格式化x坐标的命令，即ax.fmt_xdata，然后编写了一个def，使用引号列表获取对应于ohlc数据的每个日期：
ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date
代替
ax.format_coord = format_coord(quotes)
，然后添加以下定义：
def get_ohlc_from_date(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
而且因为我使用了matplotlibs dateasnum函数，所以我也必须导入它：
from matplotlib.dates import num2date
虽然这不会用ohlc值代替y轴坐标，但确实在x和y轴显示中提供了ohlc值
弄清楚如何将ohlc值添加到x轴显示之后，我意识到我用来将ohlc值添加到x轴显示的逻辑可以应用于y轴显示，从而允许显示ohlc值在y轴参数中。这是通过使用ax.format_coord = format_coord命令并创建一个将ohlc值分配给y轴返回值的新def来完成的。我已经修改了发布的原始代码，以便根据ax.format_coord = format_coord行还是ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date行被注释掉来确定ohlc值是作为x轴显示的一部分还是作为一部分显示的y轴显示的方向
答案 0 :(得分：0)
以下是允许matplotlib OHLC烛形图的x和y轴读数在Y轴读数而不是Y轴光标位置显示OHLC值的解决方案。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter, WeekdayLocator, DayLocator,
MONDAY
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ohlc
from matplotlib.dates import date2num, num2date
def ohlc_daily_date_axis():
mondays = WeekdayLocator(MONDAY)
alldays = DayLocator()
weekFormatter = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y') # e.g., Jan 12 2018
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mondays)
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(alldays)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(weekFormatter)
candlestick_ohlc(ax, quotes, width=0.6)
ax.xaxis_date()
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(), rotation=45,
horizontalalignment='right')
#the following line puts the ohlc data in the y axis display
ax.format_coord = get_ohlc_from_date_xy
# the following line puts the ohlc data in the x axis display
#ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date_x
plt.show()
def get_ohlc_from_date_x(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
def get_ohlc_from_date_xy(dateasnum,y):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
#print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
#print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = 'open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
return dte, ohlc_str
if __name__ == '__main__':
ohlc_daily_date_axis()
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您可以使用 Plotly's CandleStick Chart，内置您想要的一切。
元组到数据帧的序列
要做到这一点，您需要将数据放在包含 ["Date", "High", "Low", "Open", "Close"] 列的数据框中，查看 pandas.DataFrame.from_records 将您的数据导入到 DataFrame 中，因为它会从一系列元组创建一个 DataFrame 对象.
其他
问题的答案
来自情节的documentation：
<块引用>hoverinfo – 确定在悬停时显示哪些跟踪信息。如果设置 none 或 skip ，则悬停时不显示任何信息。但是，如果没有设置，点击和悬停事件仍然会被触发。
另外值得一读： Hover Text and Formatting in Python
最终考虑
我知道它不是按照您的意愿使用 matplotlib 制作的，但我认为它与答案相关。
代码
def generatePlotly(df):
layout = go.Layout(
plot_bgcolor="#FFF", # Sets background color to white
hovermode="x",
hoverdistance=100, # Distance to show hover label of data point
spikedistance=1000, # Distance to show spike
xaxis=dict(
title="Data", # X Axis Title
linecolor="#BCCCDC", # Sets color of X-axis line
showgrid=False, # Removes X-axis grid lines
showspikes=True, # Show spike line for X-axis
gridcolor="#BCCCDC", # Grid color, if enabled
# Format spike - Show a Line at the pointer
spikethickness=2,
spikedash="dot",
spikecolor="#999999",
spikemode="across",
fixedrange=True,
spikesnap="cursor",
),
yaxis=dict(
title="Preço (R$)", # Y Axis Title
linecolor="#BCCCDC", # Sets color of Y-axis line
showgrid=False, # Removes Y-axis grid lines
gridcolor="#BCCCDC", # Grid color, if enabled
showspikes=True, # Show spike line for X-axis
# Format spike - Show a Line at the pointer
spikethickness=2,
spikedash="dot",
spikecolor="#999999",
spikemode="across",
fixedrange=True,
side="right",
spikesnap="cursor",
),
margin=go.layout.Margin(
l=0, # left margin
r=0, # right margin
b=0, # bottom margin
t=0, # top margin
),
)
fig = go.Figure(
data=[
go.Candlestick(
x=df["Date"], # Your data
open=df["Open"],
high=df["High"],
low=df["Low"],
close=df["Close"],
)
],
layout=layout,
)
# Remove rangeslider from the chart, you can just comment the next line
fig.update_layout(xaxis_rangeslider_visible=False)
# Legend position
fig.update_layout(legend=dict(yanchor="top", y=0.99, xanchor="left", x=0.01))
############################################################
# For this part look at EXTRAS at the bottom of the answer #
############################################################
# build complete timepline from start date to end date
dt_all = pd.date_range(start=df["Date"].iloc[0], end=df["Date"].iloc[-1])
# retrieve the dates that ARE in the original datset
dt_obs = [d.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") for d in pd.to_datetime(df["Date"])]
# define dates with missing values
dt_breaks = [d for d in dt_all.strftime("%Y-%m-%d").tolist() if not d in dt_obs]
fig.update_xaxes(
rangebreaks=[
# dict(bounds=["sat", "mon"]), # hide weekends
dict(values=dt_breaks)
]
)
# Hover Distance and Hover Info
# fig.update_layout(hoverdistance=0)
# fig.update_traces(xaxis="x", hoverinfo="none")
fig.show()
额外内容
Plotly: How to style a plotly figure so that it doesn't display gaps for missing dates?