我创建了2个python程序。一个是GUI，另一个是在GUI中按下按钮时应执行的功能。当按下按钮时，我使用import XXXX使它正常工作，似乎可以，但不是pythonic。老师要求我更改密码。 第一个代码是GUI.py，第二个代码是模块。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
from sys import exit
import os
class GUI:
def __init__(self,root):
####### Gets the requested values of the height and widht.
windowWidth = root.winfo_reqwidth()
windowHeight = root.winfo_reqheight()
# Gets both half the screen width/height and window width/height
positionRight = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/2 - windowWidth/2)
positionDown = int(root.winfo_screenheight()/2 - windowHeight/2)
# Positions the window in the center of the page.
root.geometry("+{}+{}".format(positionRight, positionDown))
##########----------------------
root.title("Αρχική είσοδος")
self.maingui=tk.Frame(root)
self.maingui.pack()
self.Label1=tk.Label(self.maingui,text="Καλώς ορίσατε στο βοήθημα γραμμικής άλγεβρας")
self.Label1.pack()
self.Label2=tk.Label(self.maingui,text="Παρακαλώ,διάλεξε μία από τις επιλογές")
self.Label2.pack()
##
self.sum_button=tk.Button(self.maingui,text="Πρόσθεση",command=self.sum_py)
self.sum_button.pack(fill="both",expand=1)
##
self.afairesh_button=tk.Button(self.maingui,text="Αφαίρεση",command=self.afairesi_py)
self.afairesh_button.pack(fill="both",expand=1)
##
self.pollaplasiasmos_button=tk.Button(self.maingui,text="Πολλαπλασιαμός Πίνακα",command=self.pollaplasiamos_py)
self.pollaplasiasmos_button.pack(fill="both",expand=1)
##
self.quit_button=tk.Button(self.maingui,text="Έξοδος",command=self.popupmsg)
self.quit_button.pack(fill="both",expand=1)
def centered(self):
# Gets the requested values of the height and widht.
windowWidth = root.winfo_reqwidth()
windowHeight = root.winfo_reqheight()
print("Width",windowWidth,"Height",windowHeight)
# Gets both half the screen width/height and window width/height
positionRight = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/2 - windowWidth/2)
positionDown = int(root.winfo_screenheight()/2 - windowHeight/2)
# Positions the window in the center of the page.
root.geometry("+{}+{}".format(positionRight, positionDown))
def kill(self):
self.centered()
root.destroy()
popup.destroy()
exit(0)
def sum_py(self):
root.withdraw()
import prosthesi
def afairesi_py(self):
root.withdraw()
import afairesh
def pollaplasiamos_py(self):
root.withdraw()
import pollaplasiasmos
def popupmsg(self):
global popup
root.withdraw()
popup = tk.Tk()
popup.title("Εξοδος")
popup.iconbitmap('warn_img.ico')
popup.geometry("200x100")
warn = tk.Label(popup, text="Έξοδος?",)
warn.pack()
Yes= tk.Button(popup,text="Ναί",command =self.kill)
Yes.pack()
No= tk.Button(popup,text="Όχι",command = self.switch)
No.pack()
popup.resizable(0,0)
popup.mainloop()
def switch(self):
popup.destroy()
root.deiconify()
#--------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
root=tk.Tk()
guitest=GUI(root)
root.mainloop()
必须导入的模块
from tkinter import *
import numpy as np
import os
import sys
import GUI
import subprocess
import importlib
class MyApp:
def __init__(self,root):
####### Gets the requested values of the height and widht.
windowWidth = root.winfo_reqwidth()
windowHeight = root.winfo_reqheight()
# Gets both half the screen width/height and window width/height
positionRight = int(root.winfo_screenwidth()/2 - windowWidth/2)
positionDown = int(root.winfo_screenheight()/2 - windowHeight/2)
# Positions the window in the center of the page.
root.geometry("+{}+{}".format(positionRight, positionDown))
##########----------------------
root.title("Αφαίρεση πινάκων")
root.iconbitmap("minus_ico.ico")
root.resizable(False, False)
self.root=Frame(root)
self.root.pack()
self.start()
self.entries1=[]
self.entries2=[]
self.entry_list1=[]
self.entry_list2=[]
self.entry_list1_2=[]
self.entry_list2_2=[]
self.entr1=[]
self.entr2=[]
self.res=[]
def start(self):
self.label1=Label(self.root,text="Αφαίρεση πινάκων παραδείγματα",font="Arial 12")
self.label1.grid(row=1,column=1)
self.label2=Label(self.root,text="Διάλεξε τις διαστάσεις του πρώτου πίνακα",font="Arial 12")
self.label2.grid(row=2,column=1)
self.s1=Label(self.root,text="X:",font="Arial 10")
self.entry1=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
self.entry1.grid(row=3,column=1)
self.s2=Label(self.root,text="Y:",font="Arial 10")
self.s2.grid(row=4,column=1)
self.entry2=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
self.entry2.grid(row=4,column=1)
self.w2=Label(self.root,text="Διάλεξε τις διαστάσεις του δεύτερου πίνακα",font="Arial 12")
self.w2.grid(row=5,column=1)
self.s3=Label(self.root,text="X:",font="Arial 10")
self.s3.grid(row=6,column=1)
self.entry3=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
self.entry3.grid(row=6,column=1)
self.s4=Label(self.root,text="Y:",font="Arial 10")
self.s4.grid(row=7,column=1)
self.entry4=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
self.entry4.grid(row=7,column=1)
self.w3=Button(self.root,text="Σχηματισμός πινάκων ",font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",command=self.multi)
self.w3.grid(row=8,column=1)
self.returnbutton=Button(self.root,text="Αρχική",bg="#d9d9d9",command=self.hide_and_return)
self.returnbutton.grid(ipadx=0,ipady=0,row=8)
def check(self):
num="0123456789"
self.entry1_value=self.entry1.get()
self.entry2_value=self.entry2.get()
self.entry3_value=self.entry3.get()
self.entry4_value=self.entry4.get()
if self.entry1_value not in num or self.entry2_value not in num or self.entry3_value not in num or self.entry4_value not in num:
root.withdraw()
alertwindow=Toplevel()
alertwindow.title("Προσοχή")
alertlabel=Label(alertwindow,text="Παρακαλώ,βάλε μόνο ακαίρεους αριθμούς!")
alertlabel.pack()
alertbutton=Button(alertwindow,text="Ξαναπροσπάθησε",command=self.restart)
alertbutton.pack()
elif self.entry1_value=="" or self.entry2_value=="" or self.entry3_value=="" or self.entry4_value=="":
root.withdraw()
empty_alertwindow=Toplevel()
empty_alertwindow.title("Προσοχή")
empty_alertlabel=Label(empty_alertwindow,text="Παρακαλω,συμπλήρωσε ολα τα πεδία")
empty_alertlabel.pack()
empty_alertbutton=Button(empty_alertwindow,text="Ξαναπροσπάθησε",command=self.restart)
empty_alertbutton.pack()
if self.entry1_value!=self.entry3_value or self.entry2_value!=self.entry4_value:
self.answer=Label(self.root,text="Δεν μπορείς να προσθέσεις πίνακες διαφορετικών διαστάσεων",font="Arial 15")
self.answer.grid(row=9,column=1)
self.clear=Button(self.root,text="Ξαναπροσπάθησε",font="Arial 12",command=self.restart)
self.clear.grid(row=11,column=1)
else:
self.creation()
def creation(self):
global q
entry1_value=self.entry1.get()
entry2_value=self.entry2.get()
entry3_value=self.entry3.get()
entry4_value=self.entry4.get()
entry1_value=int(entry1_value)
entry2_value=int(entry2_value)
d=entry1_value*entry2_value
s=Label(self.root,text="1ος πίνακας:",font="Arial 15")
s.grid(row=12,column=1)
for i in range(entry1_value):
for w in range(entry2_value):
entry=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
entry.grid(row=12+i,column=2+w)
self.entries1.append(entry)
s=Label(self.root,text="2ος πίνακας:",font="Arial 15")
s.grid(row=15+entry1_value,column=1)
for i in range(entry1_value):
for w in range(entry2_value):
entry=Entry(self.root,font="Arial 12",bg="#d9d9d9",width=5)
entry.grid(row=15+entry1_value+i,column=2+w)
self.entries2.append(entry)
q=Button(self.root,text="Αποτέλεσμα",font="Arial 14",state='active',command=self.result_lock)
q.grid(row=16+2*entry1_value,column=1)
false_button=Button(self.root,text="Έκανα λάθος",font="Arial 14",command=self.refresh)
false_button.grid(row=16+2*entry1_value,ipadx=0,ipady=0)
def result(self):
entry1_value=self.entry1.get()
entry2_value=self.entry2.get()
entry3_value=self.entry3.get()
entry4_value=self.entry4.get()
entry1_value=int(entry1_value)
entry2_value=int(entry2_value)
d=entry1_value*entry2_value
for x in self.entries1:
res1=x.get()
res1=int(res1)
self.entry_list1.append(res1)
for t in self.entries2:
res2=t.get()
res2=int(res2)
self.entry_list2.append(res2)
entry_count1=0
for i in range(entry1_value):
self.entry_list1_2.append(list(self.entry_list1[entry_count1:entry_count1+entry2_value]))
self.entry_list2_2.append(list(self.entry_list2[entry_count1:entry_count1+entry2_value]))
entry_count1+=entry2_value
for x in self.entry_list1_2:
for i in range(entry2_value):
self.entr1.append(x[i])
for y in self.entry_list2_2:
for i in range(entry2_value):
self.entr2.append(y[i])
r=Label(self.root,text="Εδώ είναι αναλυτικά οι πράξεις:",font="Arial 12")
r.grid(row=20+2*entry1_value,column=1)
for c in range(d):
self.res.append(self.entr1[c]-self.entr2[c])
entry_count2=0
for t in range(entry1_value):
for i in range(entry2_value):
f=Label(self.root,text="{}-{}={}".format(self.entr1[entry_count2],self.entr2[entry_count2],self.res[entry_count2]),font="Arial 12")
f.grid(row=20+2*entry1_value+t,column=2+i)
entry_count2+=1
e=Label(self.root,text="Ο πίνακας που προκύπτει είναι:",font="Arial 12")
e.grid(row=25+2*entry1_value+d,column=1)
entry_count3=0
for t in range(entry1_value):
for i in range(entry2_value):
e=Label(self.root,text="{}".format(self.res[entry_count3]),font="Arial 12")
e.grid(row=25+2*entry1_value+d+t,column=2+i)
entry_count3+=1
g=Button(self.root,text="Ξαναπροσπάθησε",font="Arial 12",command=self.refresh)
g.grid(row=28+2*entry1_value+d+entry1_value,column=1)
def refresh(self):
self.root.destroy()
myapp=MyApp(root)
def restart(self,):
python = sys.executable
os.execl(python, python, * sys.argv)
def multi(self):
self.check()
self.w3['state']=DISABLED
def result_lock(self):
self.result()
q.configure(state="disabled")
def hide_and_return(self):
root.withdraw()
subprocess.Popen('GUI.py', shell=True)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
root=Tk()
myapp=MyApp(root)
root.mainloop()
我的头位于文件的底部，带有root = tk（）等。我目前正在阅读有关我的老师建议的 init 函数的详细信息。谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
如果您的模块与主代码文件位于同一文件夹中，则可以使用导入
import YourModule
这样，您将拥有所需的所有功能和变量。