在编写tkinter应用程序时，我一直用Python努力工作了一个星期。我已经简化了应用程序以仅显示问题。我有两个框架，每个框架都有两个按钮-第一行中的按钮增加了框架的编号（self.top_frame_number或self.bottom_frame_number，第二行中的按钮应该为我提供另一个编号框架（因此顶部框架中的按钮应该让我从底部框架中获得数字）。
我不知道如何完成此操作，这意味着我不知道如何从另一个类的实例访问类的实例属性，而这两个都是主Application类的属性。
我一直在搜索问题，但是没有找到类似的例子，而其他问题的答案也没有帮助我解决问题。这是完整的代码：
import tkinter as tk
class TopFrame:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.parent = parent
self.topframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.parent, text="Top frame", width=300, height=100, bd=2)
self.topframe.pack(side="top", fill="both")
self.top_frame_number = 100
# FIRST ROW WIDGETS
self.topframe_tfn_label = tk.Label(self.topframe, text="number: ")
self.topframe_tfn_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
self.topframe_tfn = tk.Label(self.topframe)
self.topframe_tfn.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.topframe_tfn.configure(text=self.top_frame_number)
self.topframe_tfn_button = tk.Button(self.topframe,
text="increase",
command=lambda: self.topframe_increase_top_frame_number())
self.topframe_tfn_button.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=2, sticky="w")
# SECOND ROW WIDGETS
self.topframe_bfn_label = tk.Label(self.topframe, text="bottom frame number: ")
self.topframe_bfn_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w")
self.topframe_bfn = tk.Label(self.topframe)
self.topframe_bfn.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.topframe_bfn.configure(text="?")
self.topframe_bfn_button = tk.Button(self.topframe,
text="get bottom frame number",
command=lambda: self.topframe_get_bottom_frame_number())
self.topframe_bfn_button.grid(row=1, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
def topframe_increase_top_frame_number(self):
self.top_frame_number += 1
self.topframe_tfn.configure(text=self.top_frame_number)
def topframe_get_bottom_frame_number(self):
pass
# I AM STUCK HERE - How to get to the top frame number?
class BottomFrame:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.parent = parent
self.bottomframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.parent, text="Bottom frame", width=300, height=100, bd=2)
self.bottomframe.pack(side="top", fill="both")
self.bottom_frame_number = 200
# FIRST ROW
self.bottomframe_tfn_label = tk.Label(self.bottomframe, text="number: ")
self.bottomframe_tfn_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
self.bottomframe_tfn = tk.Label(self.bottomframe)
self.bottomframe_tfn.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.bottomframe_tfn.configure(text=self.bottom_frame_number)
self.bottomframe_tfn_button = tk.Button(self.bottomframe,
text="increase",
command=lambda: self.bottomframe_increase_bottom_frame_number())
self.bottomframe_tfn_button.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
# SECOND ROW
self.bottomframe_bfn_label = tk.Label(self.bottomframe, text="top frame number: ")
self.bottomframe_bfn_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w")
self.bottomframe_bfn = tk.Label(self.bottomframe)
self.bottomframe_bfn.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.bottomframe_bfn.configure(text="?")
self.bottomframe_bfn_button = tk.Button(self.bottomframe,
text="get top frame number",
command=lambda: self.bottomframe_get_top_frame_number())
self.bottomframe_bfn_button.grid(row=1, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
def bottomframe_increase_bottom_frame_number(self):
self.bottom_frame_number += 1
self.bottomframe_tfn.configure(text=self.bottom_frame_number)
def bottomframe_get_top_frame_number(self):
pass
# I AM STUCK HERE - How to get to the top frame number?
class Application:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.title("Show me numbers!")
# -- FRAMES --
self.top_frame = TopFrame(self.master)
self.bottom_frame = BottomFrame(self.master)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
Application(root)
root.mainloop()
我一直在尝试从网络上的不同材料中学习oop，但没有成功。所以我尝试了：
TopFrame和BottomFrame类是相等的，而不是父子类__init__中初始化另一个类，因为它会导致无限递归错误。我应该如何正确访问其他类实例中的号码？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
jasonharper为我指明了正确的方向。我将引用添加到主Application类，并且它可以工作。所以整个代码是：
import tkinter as tk
class TopFrame:
def __init__(self, parent, master):
self.parent = parent
self.master = master
self.topframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.parent, text="Top frame", width=300, height=100, bd=2)
self.topframe.pack(side="top", fill="both")
self.top_frame_number = 100
# FIRST ROW
self.topframe_tfn_label = tk.Label(self.topframe, text="number: ")
self.topframe_tfn_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
self.topframe_tfn = tk.Label(self.topframe)
self.topframe_tfn.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.topframe_tfn.configure(text=self.top_frame_number)
self.topframe_tfn_button = tk.Button(self.topframe,
text="increase",
command=lambda: self.topframe_increase_top_frame_number())
self.topframe_tfn_button.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=2, sticky="w")
# SECOND ROW
self.topframe_bfn_label = tk.Label(self.topframe, text="bottom frame number: ")
self.topframe_bfn_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w")
self.topframe_bfn = tk.Label(self.topframe)
self.topframe_bfn.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.topframe_bfn.configure(text="?")
self.topframe_bfn_button = tk.Button(self.topframe,
text="get bottom frame number",
command=lambda: self.topframe_get_bottom_frame_number())
self.topframe_bfn_button.grid(row=1, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
def topframe_increase_top_frame_number(self):
self.top_frame_number += 1
self.topframe_tfn.configure(text=self.top_frame_number)
def topframe_get_bottom_frame_number(self):
self.topframe_bfn.configure(text=self.master.bottom_frame.bottom_frame_number)
class BottomFrame:
def __init__(self, parent, master):
self.parent = parent
self.master = master
self.bottomframe = tk.LabelFrame(self.parent, text="Bottom frame", width=300, height=100, bd=2)
self.bottomframe.pack(side="top", fill="both")
self.bottom_frame_number = 200
# FIRST ROW
self.bottomframe_bfn_label = tk.Label(self.bottomframe, text="number: ")
self.bottomframe_bfn_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
self.bottomframe_bfn = tk.Label(self.bottomframe)
self.bottomframe_bfn.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.bottomframe_bfn.configure(text=self.bottom_frame_number)
self.bottomframe_bfn_button = tk.Button(self.bottomframe,
text="increase",
command=lambda: self.bottomframe_increase_bottom_frame_number())
self.bottomframe_bfn_button.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
# SECOND ROW
self.bottomframe_tfn_label = tk.Label(self.bottomframe, text="top frame number: ")
self.bottomframe_tfn_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w")
self.bottomframe_tfn = tk.Label(self.bottomframe)
self.bottomframe_tfn.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.bottomframe_tfn.configure(text="?")
self.bottomframe_tfn_button = tk.Button(self.bottomframe,
text="get top frame number",
command=lambda: self.bottomframe_get_top_frame_number())
self.bottomframe_tfn_button.grid(row=1, column=2, pady=2, sticky="e")
def bottomframe_increase_bottom_frame_number(self):
self.bottom_frame_number += 1
self.bottomframe_bfn.configure(text=self.bottom_frame_number)
def bottomframe_get_top_frame_number(self):
self.bottomframe_tfn.configure(text=self.master.top_frame.top_frame_number)
class Application:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.title("Show me numbers!")
# -- FRAMES --
self.top_frame = TopFrame(self.master, self)
self.bottom_frame = BottomFrame(self.master, self)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
Application(root)
root.mainloop()
如果有更好的方法可以从TopFrame或BottomFrame类中引用Application类，而无需在Application的self中指定__init__（这意味着没有self.top_frame = TopFrame(self.master, self)和{{1} }）和TopFrame和BottomFrame类（self.bottom_frame = BottomFrame(self.master, self)）中的相应引用，我很开放...