Python字典以随机顺序返回键

时间:2018-12-21 05:00:37

标签: python python-3.x

我有一个简单的字典,如下所示:

stb = {
    'TH0':{0:'S0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    'TH1':{0:'Sa0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    'TH2':{0:'Sam0',1:'Sampled1.0',2:'Sampled2.0',3:'Sampled4.0'},
    'TH3':{0:'Samp0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    'TH4':{0:'Sampl0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
}
tb = stb

theaders = []
for k in tb.keys():
    theaders.append(k)
columns = len(theaders)
rows = len(tb[theaders[0]])
print(tb[theaders[0]])
print('Cols: ',columns)
print('Rows: ',rows)

for h in theaders:
    print(h)
`

这里的问题是,每次我运行此代码段时,theaders的值都是随机排列的。例如,首次运行:

{0: 'Samp0', 1: 'Sample1', 2: 'Sample2', 3: 'Sample4'}
Cols:  5
Rows:  4
TH3
TH0
TH4
TH1
TH2

第二次运行:

{0: 'S0', 1: 'Sample1', 2: 'Sample2', 3: 'Sample4'}
Cols:  5
Rows:  4
TH0
TH2
TH4
TH1
TH3

注意:以前从未有过这种情况,但是由于某种原因,它才刚刚开始发生,我确实需要按正确的顺序排列这些键。

也请注意::由于实际数据具有不应该进行排序的字符串键,因此仅对其进行排序是不可行的。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

对于python 3.6,维护插入顺序的字典是一个实现细节。在python 3.7中,它得到保证和记录。您没有指定要使用哪个版本的Python,但我认为它早于3.6。一种选择是使用有序字典,即来自collections模块的OrderedDict,其中保证了旧版本python的插入顺序。

答案 1 :(得分:3)

那是因为字典在Python中是无序的。如果您希望保留键的顺序,则应按以下方法尝试OrderedDict

from collections import OrderedDict

stb = OrderedDict(
    TH0 = {0:'S0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    TH1 = {0:'Sa0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    TH2 = {0:'Sam0',1:'Sampled1.0',2:'Sampled2.0',3:'Sampled4.0'},
    TH3 = {0:'Samp0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
    TH4 = {0:'Sampl0',1:'Sample1',2:'Sample2',3:'Sample4'},
)

tb = stb # As I see, this is not necessary (as we are not using std anywhere in the 
         # following code)

theaders = []
for k in tb.keys():
    theaders.append(k)

columns = len(theaders)
rows = len(tb[theaders[0]])

print(tb[theaders[0]])
print('Cols: ',columns)
print('Rows: ',rows)

for h in theaders:
    print(h)