我正在使用我通过pypi.org/project/udemy-dl安装的python模块udemy-dl。当我运行脚本时，我不断收到SSL错误。我浏览了关于Stackoverflow的许多问题，但似乎没有一个起作用。我在终端上看到以下内容：
[INFO-835] Downloading to: /Users/dev/the-complete-python-web-course-learn-by-building-8-apps
[INFO-107] Trying to log in ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/Cellar/python@2/2.7.15_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
exec code in run_globals
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/dev.py", line 8, in <module>
main()
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/udemy_dl.py", line 837, in main
udemy_dl(username, password, link, lecture_start, lecture_end, save_links, safe_file_names, just_list, output_dest)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/udemy_dl.py", line 658, in udemy_dl
login(username, password)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/udemy_dl.py", line 109, in login
csrf_token = get_csrf_token()
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/udemy_dl.py", line 95, in get_csrf_token
response = session.get('https://www.udemy.com/join/login-popup')
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/udemy_dl/udemy_dl.py", line 66, in get
return self.session.get(url, headers=self.headers)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 488, in get
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 475, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/Users/dev/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 596, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/Users/dev*emphasized text*/homebrew/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 497, in send
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:726)
我看到在adapters.py中是引发异常的地方：
def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
"""Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
:param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
:param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
:param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send
data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout,
read timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.
:type timeout: float or tuple
:param verify: (optional) Whether to verify SSL certificates.
:param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
:param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
:rtype: requests.Response
"""
conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)
self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert)
url = self.request_url(request, proxies)
self.add_headers(request)
chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers)
if isinstance(timeout, tuple):
try:
connect, read = timeout
timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=connect, read=read)
except ValueError as e:
# this may raise a string formatting error.
err = ("Invalid timeout {0}. Pass a (connect, read) "
"timeout tuple, or a single float to set "
"both timeouts to the same value".format(timeout))
raise ValueError(err)
else:
timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=timeout, read=timeout)
try:
if not chunked:
resp = conn.urlopen(
method=request.method,
url=url,
body=request.body,
headers=request.headers,
redirect=False,
assert_same_host=False,
preload_content=False,
decode_content=False,
retries=self.max_retries,
timeout=timeout
)
# Send the request.
else:
if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'):
conn = conn.proxy_pool
low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=DEFAULT_POOL_TIMEOUT)
try:
low_conn.putrequest(request.method,
url,
skip_accept_encoding=True)
for header, value in request.headers.items():
low_conn.putheader(header, value)
low_conn.endheaders()
for i in request.body:
low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8'))
low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
low_conn.send(i)
low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')
# Receive the response from the server
try:
# For Python 2.7+ versions, use buffering of HTTP
# responses
r = low_conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
except TypeError:
# For compatibility with Python 2.6 versions and back
r = low_conn.getresponse()
resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(
r,
pool=conn,
connection=low_conn,
preload_content=False,
decode_content=False
)
except:
# If we hit any problems here, clean up the connection.
# Then, reraise so that we can handle the actual exception.
low_conn.close()
raise
except (ProtocolError, socket.error) as err:
raise ConnectionError(err, request=request)
except MaxRetryError as e:
if isinstance(e.reason, ConnectTimeoutError):
# TODO: Remove this in 3.0.0: see #2811
if not isinstance(e.reason, NewConnectionError):
raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
if isinstance(e.reason, ResponseError):
raise RetryError(e, request=request)
if isinstance(e.reason, _ProxyError):
raise ProxyError(e, request=request)
raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
except ClosedPoolError as e:
raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
except _ProxyError as e:
raise ProxyError(e)
except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e:
if isinstance(e, _SSLError):
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您使用的脚本将在主站点上验证某些证书，并且仅当证书经过验证后才允许连接。可能的解决方法。
1。）您需要下载网站提供的证书，并将其传递给请求调用verify='path/to/ssl/certificate/'（或）
2。）在脚本中找到请求调用并设置verify=False