用Python中的整数和字符串对列表中的项目求和

时间:2018-12-17 19:44:02

标签: python

python的新功能。我正在尝试学习如何对具有混合类型的列表执行操作:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]

如果该项目是一个str,我想将其添加到output_str,如果它是一个int,我想对其求和。这是我尝试过的:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]

for x in mylist:
    output_str = ''
    if isinstance(x, str):
        output_str += x
        print(output_str)
    elif isinstance(x, int):
        print(sum(x))

我的预期输出:

'jacksnaketumbleweed'
68

但是出现以下错误:

TypeErrorTraceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-404-926417194c69> in <module>()
      5         output_str += x
      6     elif isinstance(x, int):
----> 7         print(sum(x))
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable

我不明白为什么会这样。 谢谢

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

使用列表理解功能,更快,更易读,更简单:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]

int_sum = sum([i for i in mylist if isinstance(i, int)])
str_join = ' '.join([i for i in mylist if isinstance(i, str)])

print(str_join)
print(int_sum)

输出:

C:\Users\Documents>py test.py
jack snake tumbleweed
68

答案 1 :(得分:1)

sum函数用于对数组中的所有元素求和,这解释了您得到的错误。另外,如果您在output_str函数中声明for,则每次扫描列表中的新值时,output_str都会重置。这就是为什么我现在只在for开始之前声明一次。

我还添加了变量final,该变量将负责存储到目前为止所有数字的总和。所以我们有:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]
final = 0
output_str = ''

for x in mylist:

    if isinstance(x, str):
        #here, we will concatenate each x value with the current value of output_str
        output_str += x

    elif isinstance(x, int):
        #and here, everytime x is a number, we will sum it to final's current value. This operation is equal to final = final + 1
        final += x

print(output_str)
print(final)

答案 2 :(得分:1)

尝试一下:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]

total = 0
output_str = ''
for x in mylist:
    if isinstance(x, str):
        output_str = output_str + x
    elif isinstance(x, int):
        total += x
print(output_str)
print(total)

答案 3 :(得分:1)

您不能对单个元素进行求和,求和需要可迭代的输入类型。您可以这样做:

代码:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]

output_str = ''
sum_of_int = 0

for x in mylist:
    if isinstance(x, str):
        output_str += x
    elif isinstance(x, int):
        sum_of_int += x

print(output_str)
print(sum_of_int)

输出:

jacksnaketumbleweed
68

答案 4 :(得分:1)

您也可以这样:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]
output_str = ''
sum = 0

for i in mylist:
    if type(i) == str:
        output_str += i   
    elif type(i) == int:
        sum += i

现在sum将包含列表中整数的总和,而output_str将包含列表中所有字符串的串联。

答案 5 :(得分:1)

sum()函数期望可迭代。试试这个:

from functools import reduce

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]
n, s = reduce(lambda a, x: (a[0] + x, a[1]) if isinstance(x, int) else (a[0], a[1] + x), mylist, (0, ''))
print('n = {}; s = {};'.format(n, s))

输出:

n = 68; s = jacksnaketumbleweed;

答案 6 :(得分:1)

您可以使用sumjoin

my_list = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]
a, b = sum(e for e in my_list if isinstance(e, int)), ''.join(s for s in my_list if isinstance(s, str))
print(a, b)

输出

68 jacksnaketumbleweed

如果列表中同时包含浮点数和整数,则可以使用Number

from numbers import Number

my_list = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39.0]
a, b = sum(e for e in my_list if isinstance(e, Number)), ''.join(s for s in my_list if isinstance(s, str))
print(a, b)

输出

68.0 jacksnaketumbleweed

答案 7 :(得分:1)

您可以这样做:

mylist = ['jack', 12, 'snake', 17, 'tumbleweed', 39]
ints = [str(i).isnumeric() for i in mylist]
ix_int = np.flatnonzero(ints)
np.array(mylist)[ix_int].astype(int).sum()
68

对于字符串:

ix_str = np.setdiff1d(np.arange(len(mylist)), indices)
''.join(np.array(mylist)[ix_str])
'jacksnaketumbleweed'