我想寻求有关编写或编辑脚本的帮助。
这是我的脚本应该做的：
我有一些配置文件（在屏幕上）
，我想更改字符串“ backup_source”，但仅在之后 “ =“（用于/ home / forBackup之类的东西），并且此更改应由用户（我认为带有输入）。
我有我的脚本，但这不起作用。我对python不太了解，所以我正在向这个社区寻求帮助=）
升级>>
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
path = '/Users/test/test3.conf'
name1 = input('what setting you to change? ')
value1 = input('what you want to change in this setting: ')
def set_parametrs(name1, value1):
with open(path) as f:
current_config = f.read().splitlines()
for i, option in enumerate(current_config):
if option.split("=")[0].strip() == name1 and option.split("=")[1].split()[0].lower() == g:
current_config[i] = '%s = %s' % (name1, value1)
with open(path, 'w') as f:
f.write('\n'.join(current_config))
f.close()
def check_dir():
if os.path.isdir(value1):
print('we have this dir')
return True
else:
print('we dont have this dir')
return False
g = [
'backup_destination_automake'
'backup_destination_prefix'
'backup_schedule'
'backup_keep_on_errors'
'method_rsync_sudo'
'method_rsync_differential'
'method_verify'
'method_device_eject'
'report_remote_uri_down'
'report_stdout'
'report_stdout_on_errors'
'report_email'
'report_email_on_errors'
'report_email_rcpt'
'report_html'
'report_html_on_errors'
'report_html_logo'
]
d = {
'backup_source': check_dir,
'backup_destination': check_dir,
'backup_exclude': check_dir
}
def check_yes_no():
for key, value in d.items():
if name1 == key:
print('this parametr is valid')
return True
else:
print('this parametr is invalid')
return False
if name1 and value1 and d[name1] == check_dir():
set_parametrs(name1, value1)
else:
print("bad")
答案 0 :(得分：3)
一个简单的答案是，您似乎没有从任何地方调用该函数，但我认为这是在外部处理的。
更重要的是，可能会误解strip的工作原理。
with open(path) as f:
options = f.read().splitlines() # this is f.readlines(), but that's fine
for i, option in enumerate(options):
if option.strip().startswith(name1 + '='): # <-------
str.strip仅删除字符串开头和结尾的空格，而不删除中间的任何空格。您包含name1的行是：
backup_source = /bin /boot /etc /home /lib* /opt /root /sbin /srv /usr /var
这意味着您的条件应为：
if option.strip().startswith(name1 + " ="):
或更合理地说，您应该解析键/值。
if option.startswith("#") or not option.strip():
continue # skip comments and blank lines
key, valuestr = map(str.strip, option.split('=')) # split on equals and strip both ends
if key == name1:
# do whatever it is you need to do.
答案 1 :(得分：1)
startswith(name1 + '=')
您忽略了名称和等号之间包含空格的事实。
.strip（）函数仅从字符串的开头和结尾删除空格和其他特殊字符。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
path = '/home/artem/.synbak/rsync/test.conf'
name1 = 'backup_source' # имя параметра
value1 = input('what you want backup:') # то что задает пользователь
def set_option(name1, value1):
with open(path) as f:
current_config = f.read().splitlines()
for i, option in enumerate(current_config):
if option.split("=")[0].strip() == name1:
current_config[i] = '%s=%s' % (name1, value1)
with open(path, 'w') as f:
f.write('\n'.join(current_config))
f.close()
编辑 如果更多地将其用作cli工具的解决方案。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--input", '-i', required=True)
parser.add_argument("--output", '-o', required=True)
parser.add_argument("--argument", required=True)
parser.add_argument("--value", help='what you want backup:', required=True)
# testing
args = parser.parse_args(
"-i /home/artem/.synbak/rsync/test.conf -o /home/artem/.synbak/rsync/test.conf --argument backup_source --value your_value".split())
# development
# args = parser.parse_args()
def set_option(args):
new_config = []
with open(args.input) as f:
for option in f:
value = f"{args.argument}={args.value}" if option.split("=")[0].strip() == args.argument else option
new_config.append(value)
with open(args.output, 'w') as f:
print(*new_config, sep="\n", file=f)
if __name__ == '__main__':
set_option(args)
用法：
>python your_script.py -i conf.cfg -o new_conf.cfg --argument backup_source --value /my/new/backup/dir
只是输入处理案例
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
path = '/home/artem/.synbak/rsync/test.conf'
name1 = 'backup_source' # имя параметра
while True:
value1 = input('what you want backup:') # то что задает пользователь
if value1:
break
else:
print("Bad input")
更新2018/12/20解决方案
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
YES_NO_PARAMETER_NAMES = [
'backup_destination_automake',
'backup_destination_prefix',
'backup_schedule',
'backup_keep_on_errors',
'method_rsync_sudo',
'method_rsync_differential',
'method_verify',
'method_device_eject',
'report_remote_uri_down',
'report_stdout',
'report_stdout_on_errors',
'report_email',
'report_email_on_errors',
'report_email_rcpt',
'report_html',
'report_html_on_errors',
'report_html_logo'
]
DIRECTORY_PARAMETERS = [
'backup_source',
'backup_destination',
'backup_exclude'
]
def set_parametrs(line, name1, value1):
"""
>>> set_parametrs("# Something random comment","my_field","my_value")
'# Something random comment'
>>> set_parametrs("my_field = other_value # Something random comment","my_field","my_value")
'my_field = my_value'
:param line:
:param name1:
:param value1:
:return:
"""
option = line.split("=")[0].strip()
if option == name1:
return '%s = %s' % (name1, value1)
return line
def check_dir(my_dir):
if os.path.isdir(my_dir):
print(f'we have <{my_dir}> dir')
return True
else:
print(f'we dont have <{my_dir}> dir')
return False
def check_yes_no(line):
"""
>>> check_yes_no("report_html = yes")
this parametr is valid
True
>>> check_yes_no("some_other_param = yes")
>>> check_yes_no("report_html = wrong")
this parametr is invalid
False
:param line:
:return:
"""
option, sep, value = line.partition("=")
if sep:
if option.strip() in YES_NO_PARAMETER_NAMES:
if value.split()[0].lower().strip() in ['yes', 'no']:
print('this parametr is valid')
return True
else:
print('this parametr is invalid')
return False
return None # None is always returned if there's nothing at the end of the function
def check_dirs_for_keys(line):
option, sep, value = line.partition("=")
if option in DIRECTORY_PARAMETERS:
value, sep, comment = value.partition("#")
value = value.strip()
if " " in value:
for directory in value.split():
check_dir(directory)
else:
check_dir(value)
path = '/Users/test/test3.conf'
name1 = input('what setting you to change? ')
value1 = input('what you want to change in this setting: ')
data = []
with open(path) as f:
for line in f:
data.append(set_parametrs(line, name1, value1))
check_yes_no(line)
check_dirs_for_keys(line)
with open(path, 'w') as f:
print(*data, sep="\n", file=f)