复制文件时，将固定的子字符串移动到文件名的末尾

Question

我的文件夹中有一堆文件，文件名以MyTest开头：

MyTestHttpAdaptor.class
MyTestJobCreation.class

我想使用以下名称创建这些文件的副本：删除MyTest前缀，并添加一个Test后缀：

MyHttpAdaptorTest.class
MyJobCreationTest.class

这怎么办？

Answer 1

for file in MyTest*.*; do    # iterate over files that start with MyTest and have a .
  ext=${file##*.}            # remove everything before the last . to get the extension
  basename=${file%.*}        # remove everything *after* the last . to get the "basename"
  new_basename=${basename#MyTest}      # remove the prefix to get the *new* basename
  new_file="${new_basename}Test.$ext"  # combine that prefix with the "Test" suffix & ext.
  [[ -e $new_file ]] || cp -- "$file" "$new_file"  # copy if result does not already exist
done

${file##*.}，${file%.*}和${basename#MyTest}是parameter expansion的示例，其中删除了前缀和后缀。