HibernateException：拥有实体实例不再引用具有cascade =“ all-delete-orphan”的集合：

Question

我遇到以下情况：

BasicEntity.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

@Entity
public abstract class BasicEntity {

    private Long id;

    private String name; // represents full name of the entity

    public BasicEntity() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public BasicEntity(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    public Long getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @NotNull
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see java.lang.Object#hashCode()
     */
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        return result;
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (!(obj instanceof BasicEntity))
            return false;
        BasicEntity other = (BasicEntity) obj;
        if (id == null) {
            if (other.id != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!id.equals(other.id))
            return false;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
}

Institution.java

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;

@Entity
public class Institution extends BasicEntity implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6803767084313616361L;
    private Set<Activity> activities = new HashSet<>();

    public Institution() {
    }

    public Institution(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @JsonIgnore
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "institution", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
    public Set<Activity> getActivities() {
        return this.activities;
    }

    public void setActivities(Set<Activity> activities) {
        this.activities.clear();
        this.activities.addAll(activities);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        String name = getName();
        Long id = getId();
        int result = 17;

        final int prime = 31;

        result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());

        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {

        String name = getName();
        Long id = getId();

        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if ((obj == null) || getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;

        Institution that = (Institution) obj;

        if (id == null) {
            if (that.getId() != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!id.equals(that.getId()))
            return false;
        if (!name.equals(that.getName())) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public void addActivity(Activity activity) {
        if (!this.activities.contains(activity)) {
            this.activities.add(activity);
            activity.setInstitution(this);
        }
    }

    public void removeActivity(Activity activity) {
        if (this.activities.contains(activity)) {
            this.activities.remove(activity);
            activity.setInstitution(null);
        }
    }
}

Activity.java

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;

@Entity
public class Activity extends BasicEntity implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 989891156132782598L;
    private BigDecimal price;
    private Institution institution;

    public Activity() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public Activity(String activityName, BigDecimal price) {
        super(activityName);
        this.price = price;
    }

    public BigDecimal getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "institution_id")
    public Institution getInstitution() {
        return institution;
    }

    public void setInstitution(Institution institution) {
        if (sameInstitution(institution)) return;
        Institution formerInstituion = this.institution;
        this.institution = institution;

        if (formerInstituion != null) formerInstituion.removeActivity(this);
        if (this.institution != null) this.institution.addActivity(this);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        StringBuffer name = new StringBuffer(getName());
        final int prime = 31;
        return prime * ((getName() == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode() % 89);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        Long id = getId();

        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        Activity other = (Activity) obj;
        if (this.getName().equals(other.getName()))
            return false;
        if (id == null) {
            if (other.getId() != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!id.equals(other.getId()))
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    private boolean sameInstitution(Institution newInstitution) {
            return (institution == null) ? (newInstitution == null) : institution.equals(newInstitution); 
    }
}

我正在测试：

InstitutionRepositoryTest.java

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Optional;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.TestEntityManager;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import com.kikia.itacon.domain.Activity;
import com.kikia.itacon.domain.Institution;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class InstitutionRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private InstitutionRepository institutionRepository;

    @Autowired
    private TestEntityManager testEntityManager;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {

    }

    @Test
    public void getInstitution_shouldReturnInstitutionInfo() {
        Optional<Institution> savedInstitution = Optional
                .ofNullable(testEntityManager.persistFlushFind(new Institution("Pesca")));

        Optional<Institution> institution = institutionRepository.findInstitutionByName("Pesca");       
        assertThat(institution.get().getName()).isEqualTo(savedInstitution.get().getName());
    }

    @Test
    public void getInstitution_shouldReturnInstitutionActivities() {

        Institution institution = new Institution("I");

        Activity regCivil = new Activity("Activity A", new BigDecimal("123"));
        Activity identifCivil = new Activity("Activity B", new BigDecimal("500"));


        institution.addActivity(identifCivil);
        institution.addActivity(regCivil);


        Optional<Institution> savedInstitution = Optional.ofNullable(testEntityManager.persistFlushFind(institution));
        Optional<Institution> retrievedInstitution = institutionRepository.findInstitutionByName("I");
        assertThat(retrievedInstitution.get().getActivities().size()).isEqualTo(2);
        assertThat(retrievedInstitution.get().getActivities().size())
                .isEqualTo(savedInstitution.get().getActivities().size());
    }
}

当我运行JUnit测试时，它失败并显示异常消息：

org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: A collection with cascade="all-delete-orphan" was no longer referenced by the owning entity instance: com.kikia.itacon.domain.Institution.activities; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: A collection with cascade="all-delete-orphan" was no longer referenced by the owning entity instance: com.kikia.itacon.domain.Institution.activities
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:351)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:253)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:527)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:153)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:135)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.invoke(SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.java:61)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy110.findInstitutionByName(Unknown Source)
    at com.kikia.itacon.repository.InstitutionRepositoryTest.getInstitution_shouldReturnInstitutionInfo(InstitutionRepositoryTest.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.java:74)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.java:84)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: A collection with cascade="all-delete-orphan" was no longer referenced by the owning entity instance: com.kikia.itacon.domain.Institution.activities
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Collections.processDereferencedCollection(Collections.java:100)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Collections.processUnreachableCollection(Collections.java:51)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.flushCollections(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:262)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.flushEverythingToExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:95)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.onAutoFlush(DefaultAutoFlushEventListener.java:44)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.autoFlushIfRequired(SessionImpl.java:1415)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1501)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.doList(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1537)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.list(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1505)
    at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.getSingleResult(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1553)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution$SingleEntityExecution.doExecute(JpaQueryExecution.java:214)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution.execute(JpaQueryExecution.java:91)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.doExecute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:136)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.execute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:125)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:605)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$invoke$3(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:59)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:294)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:98)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    ... 42 more

我不太了解休眠。看来我的人际关系注解是正确的。我尝试了许多解决方案来克服该异常，但失败了。

请，有人可以帮我理解吗？

注意：我的问题具有JUnit测试机制的特殊性，因此我认为不是重复的。