我正在尝试编写一个Python 3脚本,该脚本将通过ssh连接到远程服务器并使用paramiko模块运行命令。
远程服务器使用Duo 2因子身份验证,并在使用ssh连接时提示您选择身份验证模式:
$ ssh myuser@remoteserver.com
Duo two-factor login for myuser
Enter a passcode or select one of the following options:
1. Duo Push to +XXX XX-XXX-1111
2. Phone call to +XXX XX-XXX-1111
3. SMS passcodes to +XXX XX-XXX-1111
Passcode or option (1-3): 1
Success. Logging you in...
当我在终端中使用ssh时,只需按1,然后按Enter,将推入我的手机以确认连接,然后登录。
不幸的是,我无法在Python中做到这一点。这是我尝试使用的代码:
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect('remoteserver.com', port=22, username='myuser', password='mypassword')
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls -l')
output = stdout.readlines()
print(output)
如果我在没有2FA的远程服务器上尝试相同的代码,则它可以按预期运行,但是在此服务器上,我收到一个Authenticatino错误:
paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
任何帮助将不胜感激。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
在我自己的一个项目中,终于自己解决了这个问题,剩下的就是我使用的允许进行这项工作的代码。
主要结论是paramiko确实允许在传输和提示列表中完成此操作,在我的情况下,我在我的two_factor_types
中缺少publickey方法
def _auth(self, username, password, pkey, *args):
self.password = password
saved_exception = None
two_factor = False
allowed_types = set()
two_factor_types = {'keyboard-interactive', 'password', 'publickey'}
参考文献:
Paramiko/Python: Keyboard interactive authentication
https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/pull/467
https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/pull/467/commits/dae916f7bd6723cee95891778baff51ef45532ee
http://docs.paramiko.org/en/stable/api/transport.html
我建议尝试一些类似的方法 auth_interactive_dumb
auth_interactive_dumb(username, handler=None, submethods='')
以交互方式但不可靠地对服务器进行身份验证。只需打印提示和/或说明以输出并发送回响应即可。这适用于通过密钥实现部分身份验证然后用户必须输入2fac令牌的情况。
有关完整示例,请参见下面的摘录和链接
Full SSH CLient Class for reference:
class SSHClient(paramiko.SSHClient):
duo_auth = False
def handler(self, title, instructions, prompt_list):
answers = []
global duo_auth
if title.startswith('Duo two-factor login'):
duo_auth = True
raise SSHException("Expecting one field only.")
for prompt_, _ in prompt_list:
prompt = prompt_.strip().lower()
if prompt.startswith('password'):
answers.append(self.password)
elif prompt.startswith('verification'):
answers.append(self.totp)
elif prompt.startswith('passcode'):
answers.append(self.totp)
else:
raise ValueError('Unknown prompt: {}'.format(prompt_))
return answers
def auth_interactive(self, username, handler):
if not self.totp:
raise ValueError('Need a verification code for 2fa.')
self._transport.auth_interactive(username, handler)
def _auth(self, username, password, pkey, *args):
self.password = password
saved_exception = None
two_factor = False
allowed_types = set()
two_factor_types = {'keyboard-interactive', 'password', 'publickey'}
agent = paramiko.Agent()
try:
agent_keys = agent.get_keys()
# if len(agent_keys) == 0:
# return
except:
pass
for key in agent_keys:
logging.info("Trying ssh-agent key %s" % hexlify(key.get_fingerprint()))
try:
self._transport.auth_publickey(username, key)
logging.info("... success!")
return
except paramiko.SSHException as e:
logging.info("... nope.")
saved_exception = e
if pkey is not None:
logging.info('Trying publickey authentication')
try:
allowed_types = set(
self._transport.auth_publickey(username, pkey)
)
two_factor = allowed_types & two_factor_types
if not two_factor:
return
except paramiko.SSHException as e:
saved_exception = e
if duo_auth or two_factor:
logging.info('Trying 2fa interactive auth')
return self.auth_interactive(username, self.handler)
if password is not None:
logging.info('Trying password authentication')
try:
self._transport.auth_password(username, password)
return
except paramiko.SSHException as e:
saved_exception = e
allowed_types = set(getattr(e, 'allowed_types', []))
two_factor = allowed_types & two_factor_types
assert saved_exception is not None
raise saved_exception