我是tkinter的新手，并试图学习如何使用它，因为我正在寻找关于我想在GUI中执行的操作的答案，因此我遇到了这个示例HERE，试图在页面之间进行切换，然后我发现另一个示例HERE，将菜单栏作为类添加到窗口。
经过几次尝试并搜索使用菜单栏来切换帧而不是使用按钮，我已经按照自己的意愿进行了所有工作，我确实找到了如何进行此操作HERE并理解了此方法，但是菜单栏本身不是类，而是在SampleApp（）类中定义的。不知道将菜单栏作为类还是将其放在SampleApp（）类中是否更好。我希望菜单栏始终可见。
我能得到的最接近的是通过调用类SampleApp（）中的函数来举起框架，但它会打开一个新窗口。
如何从菜单栏中切换页面？
任何帮助将不胜感激，谢谢。
这是我的代码。而不是切换框架，而是打开另一个窗口。
#!/usr/bin/python3
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import font as tkfont
class SampleApp(Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title_font = tkfont.Font(family='Helvetica', size=18, weight="bold", slant="italic")
self.title("Window")
# the container is where we'll stack a bunch of frames
# on top of each other, then the one we want visible
# will be raised above the others
container = Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (Home_Page, Insert_Page, PageTwo):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent=container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
# put all of the pages in the same location;
# the one on the top of the stacking order
# will be the one that is visible.
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
menubar = MenuBar(self)
self.config(menu=menubar)
w = 800 # width for the Tk root
h = 650 # height for the Tk root
# get screen width and height
ws = self.winfo_screenwidth() # width of the screen
hs = self.winfo_screenheight() # height of the screen
# calculate x and y coordinates for the Tk root window
x = (ws/4) - (w/2)
y = (hs/2) - (h/2)
# set the dimensions of the screen
# and where it is placed
self.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (w, h, x, y))
self.show_frame("Home_Page")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
class MenuBar(Menu):
def __init__(self, parent):
Menu.__init__(self, parent)
filemenu = Menu(self, tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label="File",underline=0, menu=filemenu)
filemenu.add_command(label="New", command = self.donothing)
filemenu.add_command(label = "Open", command = self.donothing)
filemenu.add_command(label = "Save", command = self.donothing)
filemenu.add_command(label = "Save as...", command = self.donothing)
filemenu.add_command(label = "Close", command = self.donothing)
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label = "Exit", command = self.quit)
editmenu = Menu(self, tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label = "Edit", menu = editmenu)
editmenu.add_command(label = "Undo", command = self.donothing)
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label = "Cut", command = self.donothing)
editmenu.add_command(label = "Copy", command = self.donothing)
editmenu.add_command(label = "Paste", command = self.donothing)
editmenu.add_command(label = "Delete", command = self.donothing)
editmenu.add_command(label = "Select All", command = self.donothing)
recordsmenu = Menu(self, tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label="Records", underline=0, menu=recordsmenu)
recordsmenu.add_command(label="Insert", command=lambda: SampleApp().show_frame("Insert_Page"))
recordsmenu.add_command(label="Search", command=lambda: SampleApp().show_frame("PageTwo"))
helpmenu = Menu(self, tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label = "Help", menu = helpmenu)
helpmenu.add_command(label = "Help Index", command = self.donothing)
helpmenu.add_command(label = "About...", command = self.donothing)
def quit(self):
sys.exit(0)
def donothing(self):
filewin = Toplevel()
button = Button(filewin, text="Do nothing button")
button.pack()
class Home_Page(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label = Label(self, text="Home Page", font=controller.title_font)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button1 = Button(self, text="Page One", command=lambda: controller.show_frame("Insert_Page"))
button2 = Button(self, text="Page Two", command=lambda: controller.show_frame("PageTwo"))
button1.pack()
button2.pack()
class Insert_Page(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label = Label(self, text="This is page 1", font=controller.title_font)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
page = ttk.Notebook(self)
tab1 = ttk.Frame(page)
tab2 = ttk.Frame(page)
tab3 = ttk.Frame(page)
page.add(tab1, text='One')
page.add(tab2, text='Two')
page.add(tab3, text='three')
page.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)
day_label = Label(tab1, text="Tab1:")
day_label.pack()
day_label.place(x=0, y=30)
day_label = Label(tab2, text="Tab2:")
day_label.pack()
day_label.place(x=0, y=30)
day_label = Label(tab3, text="Tab3:")
day_label.pack()
day_label.place(x=0, y=30)
button = Button(self, text="Go to the start page", command=lambda: controller.show_frame("Home_Page"))
button.pack()
class PageTwo(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label = Label(self, text="This is page 2", font=controller.title_font)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button = Button(self, text="Go to the start page", command=lambda: controller.show_frame("Home_Page"))
button.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()