我正在尝试在MySQL中创建一个聚合函数MEDIAN(),如MIN(),MAX(),AVG(),该函数将输入的列名或具有所需列值的字符串作为输入。
我无法理解MySQL自定义函数的局限性,如果有人可以帮助我找出实现方法,那将非常有帮助。
示例:
MySQL表具有2列(ID,数字)
+----+-----+
| id | num |
+----+-----+
| 1 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 |
| 1 | 7 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 2 | 5 |
+----+-----+
SELECT id, MEDIAN(num) as median
FROM table
GROUP BY id;
OR
SELECT id, MEDIAN(GROUP_CONCAT(num SEPARATOR ',') as median
FROM table
GROUP BY id;
预期输出为
+----+--------+
| id | median |
+----+--------+
| 1 | 6 |
| 2 | 3 |
+----+--------+
答案 0 :(得分:0)
User defined aggregate stored functions在MariaDB-10.3.3中添加
MySQL可以执行聚合函数,但是在SQL中不能。他们需要一个[UDF(共享库实现)](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-function-udf.html}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
没有UDF也是可以的,我知道有两种方法可以做到。第一个使用两个选择和一个联接,第一个选择获取值和排名,第二个选择获取计数,然后联接它们。第二种使用json函数来一次选择所有内容。它们都有点长,但是它们可以工作并且相当快。
解决方案1(两个选择和一个联接,一个获得计数,一个获得排名)
SELECT x.group_field,
avg(
if(
x.rank - y.vol/2 BETWEEN 0 AND 1,
value_field,
null
)
) as median
FROM (
SELECT group_field, value_field,
@r:= IF(@current=group_field, @r+1, 1) as rank,
@current:=group_field
FROM (
SELECT group_field, value_field
FROM table_name
ORDER BY group_field, value_field
) z, (SELECT @r:=0, @current:='') v
) x, (
SELECT group_field, count(*) as vol
FROM table_name
GROUP BY group_field
) y WHERE x.group_field = y.group_field
GROUP BY x.group_field;
解决方案2(使用json对象存储计数并避免联接)
SELECT group_field,
avg(
if(
rank - json_extract(@vols, path)/2 BETWEEN 0 AND 1,
value_field,
null
)
) as median
FROM (
SELECT group_field, value_field, path,
@rnk := if(@curr = group_field, @rnk+1, 1) as rank,
@vols := json_set(
@vols,
path,
coalesce(json_extract(@vols, path), 0) + 1
) as vols,
@curr := group_field
FROM (
SELECT p.group_field, p.value_field, concat('$.', p.group_field) as path
FROM table_name
JOIN (SELECT @curr:='', @rnk:=1, @vols:=json_object()) v
ORDER BY group_field, value_field DESC
) z
) y GROUP BY group_field;