我正在研究一个C程序，该程序要求我读取一个相当大的文本文件并将信息存储在结构中。该文件包含演员姓名和他们去过的电影。我已经搜索了我的教科书和其他在线资源，但仍然不知道如何进行。
我有一个较旧的程序，可以读取类似的文件，但格式要好得多。我需要对其进行更改以满足我对该项目的需要，但不知道如何做。
我的代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define SIZE 100
#define START 239
#define END 374
//method to find the index of a char c in a string
int indexOf(char c, char *string){
///iterating through char array, checking if any character matches c
for(int i=0;string[i]!='\0';i++){
if(string[i]==c){
//found
return i;
}
}
//not found
return -1;
}
//method to find the substring of a string between indices from and to
//and store the result in result
void substring(char *string, int from, int to, char *result){
int index=0;
//storing characters between from and to to result
for(int i=from;i<to;i++){
result[index]=string[i];
index++;
}
//null terminating the array
result[index]='\0';
}
//a structure to represent an actor
struct Actor{
char lastName[20];
char firstName[20];
char movie[20];
};
//method to print name and movie of an actor in separate lines
void print(struct Actor actor) {
printf("First name: %s\n",actor.firstName);
printf("Last name: %s\n",actor.lastName);
printf("Movie: %s\n\n",actor.movie);
}
int main(){
//creating a file pointer, asking user for the file name
FILE *fp;
//opening file in read mode
fp = fopen("./actors.txt","r");
if(fp == NULL){
//file can not be opened
printf("File not found!\n");
return 0;
}
//creating a char array to store each line, one at a time
char buffer[100];
//creating an Actor structure object
struct Actor actor;
//needed variables
int index1 = 0, index2 = 0,index3 = 0, index4 = 0;
//reading all lines one by one
int i = 0;
while(fgets(buffer, 100, fp)){
i++;
if(i > START && i < END ){
getLen(buffer);
///finding index of comma (,)
index1 = indexOf(',',buffer);
//cutting the string between indices 0 and index1
//and storing as actor's lastname
substring(buffer,0,index1,actor.lastName);
///finding index of tab (\t)
index2=indexOf('\t',buffer);
//storing string between indices index1 and index2 in firstname
substring(buffer,index1,index2,actor.firstName);
///finding year parentheses
index3=indexOf('(', buffer);
///fetching movie title
substring(buffer,index2,index3-1,actor.movie);
//printing actor
print(actor);
}
}
//closing file
fclose(fp);
}
文本文件中的数据格式为：
lastname, firstname\t\tMovie (year) [role]
\t\t\tmore movies
我只需要演员姓名和他们去过的电影即可。这是我尝试读取和存储的数据示例。
Parr, Brian (I) Blue Ice (1992) [Stallholder] <20>
Eskimo Day (1996) (TV) [Second cabbie] <22>
Summer in the Suburbs (2000) (TV) [Neighbor #2] <22>
The fairy queen (La reine des fées) (1989) (TV) [Snug] <12>
Rogers, Marcus (II) .357 (2005) [Joshua]
Streets (2004) [Man in car]
Summer in the Suburbs (2000) (TV) [Bobby] <16>
"15 Storeys High" (2002) {The Sofa (#1.1)} [Lawyer] <5>
这是我的输出：
First name: , Brian (I)
Last name: Parr
Movie:
First name:
Last name:
Movie: Eskimo Day
First name:
Last name:
Movie: Summer in the SubrnSw
First name: b
Last name:
Movie: The fairy queen
First name: b
Last name:
Movie:
First name: , Marcus (II)
Last name: Rogers
Movie:
First name: b
Last name:
Movie: Streets
First name: b
Last name:
Movie: Summer in the SubrnSw
First name: b
Last name:
Movie: "15 Storeys High"rnSw
如何读取这些文件并将其存储在结构中，以使它们不带有多余的制表符和字符进行打印？另外，该结构需要一系列电影，因此我尝试将其打印为：
Actor Name
Movies
Movies
Movies
Movies
我尝试添加一个循环来执行此操作，但是我没有运气。我对C还是很陌生，我的课本很棒。我在网上搜索了其他资源，但似乎找不到任何东西。拜托，我该如何解决这个问题，让我只阅读和存储名称和电影？
另一方面，我不关心电视节目中出现双引号“ show”
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您只需要一点点检查就可以实现结果。 您需要保留以前的名称，直到找到仅一行“ \ n”。 同样，也无需重新定义C标准库中已经存在的函数（但是您可以根据需要重新实现它们）：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define SIZE 100
#define START 0
#define END 374
//a structure to represent an actor
struct Actor{
char lastName[20];
char firstName[20];
char movie[50];
};
//method to print name and movie of an actor in separate lines
void print(struct Actor actor) {
printf("First name: %s\n",actor.firstName);
printf("Last name: %s\n",actor.lastName);
printf("Movie: %s\n\n",actor.movie);
}
int main(){
//creating a file pointer, asking user for the file name
FILE *fp;
//opening file in read mode
fp = fopen("./actors.txt","r");
if(fp == NULL){
//file can not be opened
printf("File not found!\n");
return 0;
}
//creating a char array to store each line, one at a time
char buffer[100];
//creating an Actor structure object
struct Actor actor;
//reading all lines one by one
int i = 0;
int check=0;
char *ptr;
while(fgets(buffer, 100, fp)){
i++;
int len;
if(i > START && i < END ){
if ( strcmp( buffer, "\n") == 0)
{
check = 0;
continue;
}
if( !check)
{
len = strchr(buffer, ',') - buffer - 1;
strncpy( actor.lastName, buffer, len);
actor.lastName[len] = '\0';
if( (ptr = strchr(buffer, ',')))
{
len = strchr(buffer, '\t') - ptr -1;
strncpy( actor.firstName, ptr+1, len);
actor.firstName[len] = '\0';
}
check = 1;
}
if( (ptr = strchr(buffer, '\t')))
{
len = strchr( ptr, '(') - ptr-2;
strncpy( actor.movie, ptr+2, len);
actor.movie[len] = '\0';
}
//printing actor
print(actor);
}
}
//closing file
fclose(fp);
}
输出
First name: Brian (I)
Last name: Par
Movie: Blue Ice
First name: Brian (I)
Last name: Par
Movie: Eskimo Day
First name: Brian (I)
Last name: Par
Movie: Summer in the Suburbs
First name: Brian (I)
Last name: Par
Movie: The fairy queen
First name: Marcus (II)
Last name: Roger
Movie: .357
First name: Marcus (II)
Last name: Roger
Movie: Streets
First name: Marcus (II)
Last name: Roger
Movie: Summer in the Suburbs
First name: Marcus (II)
Last name: Roger
Movie: "15 Storeys High"
如果您愿意，也可以通过创建类似这样的函数来对此进行概括
void parse( char * dest, char * string, char delim, int offset1, int offset2)
{
int len = strchr(string, delim) - string - 1 - offset1;
strncpy( dest, string + 1 + offset2, len);
dest[len] = '\0';
}
这会使代码看起来像这样：
if( !check)
{
parse(actor.lastName, buffer, ',', 0, -1);
if( (ptr = strchr(buffer, ',')))
parse( actor.firstName, ptr, '\t', 0,0);
check = 1;
}
if( (ptr = strchr(buffer, '\t')))
parse( actor.movie, ptr, '(', 1, 1);
//printing actor
print(actor);