我正在通过递归实现众所周知的深度优先搜索。我想知道是否有一种方法可以知道最后一个堆栈空间中的代码。我需要这样做的原因是我不想在输出末尾添加->
字符。如果可能的话,请在最后一步中'\n'
。
def DFS(self, vertex=None, visited=None):
if vertex is None:
vertex = self.root
if visited is None:
visited = []
print(f"{vertex} -> ", end='')
visited.append(vertex)
for neighbor in self.getNeighbors(vertex):
if neighbor not in visited:
visited.append(neighbor)
print(f"{neighbor} -> ", end='')
self.DFS(neighbor, visited)
例如,它产生1 -> 2 -> 4 -> 5 ->
在相同的方法中是否还有要做?此外,我可以编写一个辅助函数来删除最后一个->
字符。
@Edit:我根据@Carcigenicate的评论所做的事情
return visited # last line in DFS method
-- in main --
dfs = graph.DFS()
path = " -> ".join(str(vertex) for vertex in dfs)
print(path)
答案 0 :(得分:1)
不是要对最后一个顶点进行特殊处理,而是对第一个顶点进行特殊处理。也就是说,不要试图弄清楚何时不附加“->”,而不要在第一个顶点上这样做:
def DFS(self, vertex=None, visited=None):
if vertex is None:
vertex = self.root
else:
# Not the first vertex, so need to add the separator.
print(f" ->", end='')
if visited is None:
visited = []
print(f"{vertex}", end='')
visited.append(vertex)
for neighbor in self.getNeighbors(vertex):
if neighbor not in visited:
# no need to append here, because it will be done in the recursive call.
# and the vertex will be printed in the recursive call, too.
# visited.append(neighbor)
# print(f"{neighbor} -> ", end='')
self.DFS(neighbor, visited)
这假设您的初始通话将始终为DFS(root, None, visited)
。我认为这是一个合理的假设。
再三考虑,也许使用visited
参数作为条件是一个更好的主意:
if vertex is None:
vertex = self.root
if visited is None:
visited = []
else:
# Not the first vertex, so need to add the separator.
print(f" ->", end='')
print(f"{vertex}", end='')
重点是,对第一个项目进行特殊案例比对最后一个项目进行特殊案例化。