Question

我刚接触python，并为自己找到了一个个人项目。我试图解析一个大的文本文件以查找单词出现的地方，但是我似乎无法使代码正常工作。它是这样开始的：

    file = 'randomfile.txt'
    with open(file) as f:
       word = input("Enter a word: ")
       line = f.readline()
       num_line = 1
       while line:
           if word in line:
               print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))
       print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)
       num_line += 1
    f.close()

此代码将运行，但不会提供搜索词的输出，我无法看到为什么不这样做，除非python未读取路径中的文本文件，或者未读取第四行代码好吗我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

这将起作用：

with open(randonfile.txt",'r') as f:
   word = input("Enter a word: ")
   line = f.readline()
   num_line = 1
   for words in line.split():
       if word in words:
           print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))

   print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)
   num_line += 1

Answer 2

您的代码存在的问题是，仅读取第一行，而从不遍历整个文件。

with open(file) as f:
       word = input("Enter a word: ")
       line = f.readline()  # this is the only place you read a line
       num_line = 1
       while line:
           if word in line:
               print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))
       print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)
       num_line += 1

您应该阅读while循环中的下一行，如下所示：

with open(file) as f:
       word = input("Enter a word: ")
       line = f.readline()
       num_line = 1
       while line:
           if word in line:
               print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))
           line = f.readline() # <-- read the next line
       print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)
       num_line += 1

现在您正在阅读文件。下一个问题是，仅在while循环结束后才递增行号num_line += 1，您需要将其移至循环内，以便跟踪已处理的行数。

with open(file) as f:
       word = input("Enter a word: ")
       line = f.readline()
       num_line = 1
       while line:
           if word in line:
               print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))
           line = f.readline() # <-- read the next line
           num_line +=1 # <-- increase the counter in the loop
       print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)

您不需要f.close()，with_statement会自动关闭文件。您也可以直接在文件指针f上循环，以读取每一行，如下所示：

file = 'randomfile.txt'
with open(file) as f:
       word = input("Enter a word: ")
       num_line = 1
       for line in f: # step through each line of the file
           if word in line:
               print("line {}: {}".format(num_line, line.strip()))
           num_line +=1 # <-- increase the counter in the loop
       print("Here are ___ I found with the word" + word)
 # f.close() -- not needed

我将把它留给您修复打印声明。

Answer 3

您可以执行以下操作：

word = input("Enter a word: ")
with open(file) as f:
    for idx, line in enumerate(f):
        # we need to use lower() and split() because we don't want to count if word = 'aaa' and line 'AAAaaa' returns True
        if word.lower() in line.lower().split():
            print("line {}: {}".format(idx, line.strip()))

解析txt文件中出现的单词python

3 个答案: