Question

我在执行JFrame项目时遇到麻烦。

基本上，我是Java的新手，我想使用简单的类来改进自己的GUI应用程序。

我有一个实例化我的对象的主要方法，一个JFrame窗口类，一个Panel类和一个Story类，它们描述了如果单击“框架”按钮时将调用的每个函数。

我的问题是，我找不到使用我的Story类的方法。我想将其方法调用到Panel中，但是Story已经接受了Panel参数（以调用诸如TextArea＆Buttons之类的面板组件），因此无法将其实例化到Panel类中。

以下是代码示例：

主类：

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

    GamePanel myPanel = new GamePanel();
    GameWindow myWindow = new GameWindow(myPanel);
}
}

窗口类：

public class GameWindow extends JFrame {

private GamePanel p;

public GameWindow(GamePanel p) {
    this.p = p;
    this.setSize(800,600);
    this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    this.setContentPane(this.p);
    this.setLayout(null);
    this.setVisible(true);
}

public void setPanel(GamePanel panel) {
    this.p = panel;
}
public GamePanel getPanel() {
    return this.p;
}
}

面板类：

public class GamePanel extends JPanel {

// PANEL TITLE MENU
private JPanel titleSection = new JPanel();
private JLabel titleName = new JLabel("TEXT ADVENTURE");
private Font titleFont = new Font("Bradley Hand", Font.BOLD, 50);

// PANEL STARTBUTTON MENU
private JPanel buttonSection = new JPanel();
private JButton buttonStart = new JButton("START");
private Font buttonFont = new Font("Bradley Hand", Font.BOLD, 30);

// PANEL MAINTEXT GAME
private JPanel mainTextSection = new JPanel();
private JTextArea mainTextArea = new JTextArea();
private Font mainTextFont = new Font("Avenir", Font.PLAIN, 20);

// PANEL MAINBUTTONS GAME
private JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
private JButton button1 = new JButton();
private JButton button2 = new JButton();
private JButton button3 = new JButton();
private JButton button4 = new JButton();

// PANEL PLAYERINFO GAME
private JPanel playerInfo = new JPanel();
private JLabel playerHp, playerHpNumber, playerWeapon, playerWeaponName;


// HANDLERS OBJECTS
private TitleHandler tHandler = new TitleHandler();
private ButtonsHandler cHandler = new ButtonsHandler();

// DEFAULT CONSTRUCTOR
public GamePanel() {

    this.setBackground(Color.darkGray);

    // TITLE SETUP
    titleSection.setBounds(100,80,600,150);
    titleSection.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    this.add(titleSection);
    titleName.setForeground(Color.white);
    titleName.setFont(titleFont);
    titleSection.add(titleName);

    // STARTBUTTON SETUP
    buttonSection.setBounds(300,400,200,100);
    buttonSection.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    this.add(buttonSection);
    buttonStart.setForeground(Color.black);
    buttonStart.setFont(buttonFont);
    buttonStart.addActionListener(tHandler);
    buttonSection.add(buttonStart);
}

public void createGameScreen() {

    // MENU SCREEN DISABLE
    titleSection.setVisible(false);
    buttonSection.setVisible(false);

    // MAINTEXT SETUP
    mainTextSection.setBounds(100,100,600,250);
    mainTextSection.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    this.add(mainTextSection);
    mainTextArea.setBounds(100,100,600,250);
    mainTextArea.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    mainTextArea.setForeground(Color.white);
    mainTextArea.setFont(mainTextFont);
    mainTextArea.setLineWrap(true);
    mainTextSection.add(mainTextArea);

    // MAINBUTTONS SETUP
    buttonPanel.setBounds(250,350,300,150);
    buttonPanel.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4,1));
    this.add(buttonPanel);
    button1.setForeground(Color.black);
    button1.setFont(mainTextFont);
    button1.addActionListener(cHandler);
    button1.setActionCommand("c1");
    buttonPanel.add(button1);
    button2.setForeground(Color.black);
    button2.setFont(mainTextFont);
    //button2.addActionListener(cHandler);
    //button2.setActionCommand("c2");
    buttonPanel.add(button2);
    button3.setForeground(Color.black);
    button3.setFont(mainTextFont);
    //button3.addActionListener(cHandler);
    //button3.setActionCommand("c3");
    buttonPanel.add(button3);
    button4.setForeground(Color.black);
    button4.setFont(mainTextFont);
    //button4.addActionListener(cHandler);
    //button4.setActionCommand("c4");
    buttonPanel.add(button4);

    // PLAYERINFO SETUP
    playerInfo.setBounds(100,25,600,50);
    playerInfo.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    playerInfo.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,4));
    this.add(playerInfo);
    playerHp = new JLabel("HP :");
    playerHp.setFont(mainTextFont);
    playerHp.setForeground(Color.white);
    playerInfo.add(playerHp);
    playerHpNumber = new JLabel();
    playerHpNumber.setFont(mainTextFont);
    playerHpNumber.setForeground(Color.white);
    playerInfo.add(playerHpNumber);
    playerWeapon = new JLabel("Weapon :");
    playerWeapon.setFont(mainTextFont);
    playerWeapon.setForeground(Color.white);
    playerInfo.add(playerWeapon);
    playerWeaponName = new JLabel("None");
    playerWeaponName.setFont(mainTextFont);
    playerWeaponName.setForeground(Color.white);
    playerInfo.add(playerWeaponName);
    repaint();
}

public void setMainTextArea(String t) {
    this.mainTextArea.setText(t);
}
public void setButton1(String t) {
    this.button1.setText(t);
}
public void setButton2(String t) {
    this.button2.setText(t);
}
public void setButton3(String t) {
    this.button3.setText(t);
}
public void setButton4(String t) {
    this.button4.setText(t);
}


public class ButtonsHandler implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        defineEvent(e);
    }

    public void defineEvent(ActionEvent e) {
        if (true) {
            // call Story functions for test
        } else {

        }
    }
}

// NESTED CLASS FOR HANDLING MENU STARTBUTTON
public class TitleHandler implements ActionListener {

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        createGameScreen();
    }
}
}

故事类：

public class Story {

protected String position = "Start";
protected GamePanel p;

public Story() {

}

// FUNCTIONS
public void gameStart() {
    this.position = "Start";
    p.setMainTextArea("...\nYou're waking up in a forest.\nYour head hurts a lot.\nWhy are you here ?\n\n" +
            "You decide to explore through the forest, looking for clues.");
    p.setButton1(">");
}

// GETTERS & SETTERS
public String getPosition() {
    return position;
}
public GamePanel getP() {
    return p;
}

public void setGamePanel(GamePanel p) {
    this.p = p;
}
}

（对不起，似乎我的代码在括号中有问题）

我猜我的代码结构不好，但是我找不到找到Story和Panel类的方法。

任何帮助将不胜感激！：）

Answer 1

您需要看一下MVC（模型视图控制器）体系结构，在您的情况下，我相信您可以使用其更简单的姊妹模型MV（模型视图）。

痛苦的原因是将模型（故事）和视图（面板）混合到同一类（Story.java）中。您可以使用状态机模式（相对）轻松地实现模型。

您可能还需要实现观察者模式，其中观察者是面板，可观察者是故事。您可以让GamePanel实现PropertyChangeListener，并且模型（Story）每次状态更改时都会触发 propertyChange 事件。有关更多信息，您可以找到at this article。

如何正确构造我的JFrame项目？

1 个答案: