找到天气并将其显示后,单击摄氏应运行unitHandler
,然后将转换温度值,然后更新状态。但是,当更新this.state.currentWeather.temp
(一个已经存在的属性,因此我认为它将执行“浅”合并,而只是“更新”状态)时,它将清除当前存在的其余状态属性。
我想知道为什么它不按照React Docs显示here的示例的方式进行“浅”合并,而是清除掉我其余的状态吗?是否是因为React有时会分批进行多个setState()
性能调用,如下文档所示?
状态更新可能是异步的React可能会批处理多个setState() 调用一次更新以提高性能。
由于this.props和this.state可能会异步更新,因此您 不应依赖于它们的值来计算下一个状态。
我想我只是感到困惑,因为在文档下方,它说在更新/合并时将使其他状态保持不变:
状态更新被合并当您调用setState()时,React合并 您提供的当前状态的对象。合并很浅,所以 this.setState({comments})保持this.state.posts不变,但是 完全替换this.state.comments。
做一些研究,我认为可以通过将prevState
函数传递到this.setState
中来防止这种情况的发生,但是,我无法使用散布运算符正确编写该函数。
const root = document.querySelector('.root');
class App extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
unit: '',
currentWeather: {
main: '',
desc: '',
temp: '',
}
}
this.getWeather = this.getWeather.bind(this);
this.unitHandler = this.unitHandler.bind(this);
}
getWeather(e) {
e.preventDefault();
const city = e.target.elements.city.value;
const country = e.target.elements.country.value;
const appID = 'bf6cdb2b4f3c1293c29610bd1d54512b';
const currentWeatherURL = `https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=${city},${country}&units=imperial&APPID=${appID}`;
const forecastURL = `https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?q=${city},${country}&units=imperial&APPID=${appID}`;
//fetch CURRENT weather data ONLY
fetch(currentWeatherURL)
.then((response) => response.json())
.then((data) => {
this.setState({
unit: '°F',
currentWeather: {
main: data.weather[0].main,
desc: data.weather[0].description,
temp: data.main.temp,
}
});
})
.catch(() => {console.log('something went wrong, but we caught the error')});
}
unitHandler(e) {
function convertToCelsius(fahrenheit) {
return ((fahrenheit-32)*5/9)
}
function convertToFahrenheit(celsius) {
return ((celsius*9/5) + 32)
}
//if fahrenheit is checked
if(e.target.value === 'fahrenheit') {
const fahrenheitTemp = convertToFahrenheit(this.state.currentWeather.temp);
this.setState({unit: '°F',currentWeather: {temp: fahrenheitTemp}});
}
//otherwise, celsius is checked
else {
const celsiusTemp = convertToCelsius(this.state.currentWeather.temp);
this.setState({unit: '°C', currentWeather: {temp: celsiusTemp}});
}
}
render() {
console.log('handler state');
console.log(this.state);
return (
<div className='weather-app'>
<LocationInput getWeather={this.getWeather} unitHandler={this.unitHandler}/>
<CurrentWeather weatherStats={this.state.currentWeather} unit={this.state.unit} />
</div>
)
}
}
// Component where you enter your City and State
function LocationInput(props) {
return (
<div className='location-container'>
<form className='location-form' onSubmit={props.getWeather}>
<input type='text' name='city' placeholder='City'/>
<input type='text' name='country' placeholder='Country'/>
<button>Search</button>
<UnitConverter unitHandler={props.unitHandler} />
</form>
</div>
)
}
// Component to convert all units (fahrenheit <---> Celsius)
function UnitConverter(props) {
return (
<div className='unit-converter' onChange={props.unitHandler}>
<label for='fahrenheit'>
<input type='radio' name='unit' value='fahrenheit' defaultChecked/>
Fahrenheit
</label>
<label for='celsius'>
<input type='radio' name='unit' value='celsius'/>
Celsius
</label>
</div>
)
}
// Base weather component (intention of making specialized components for weekly forecast)
function Weather (props) {
console.log('component state');
console.log(props);
const icons = {
thunderstorm: <i class="fas fa-bolt"></i>,
drizzle: <i class="fas fa-cloud-rain"></i>,
rain: <i class="fas fa-cloud-showers-heavy"></i>,
snow: <i class="far fa-snowflake"></i>,
clear: <i class="fas fa-sun"></i>,
atmosphere: 'No Icon Available',
clouds: <i class="fas fa-cloud"></i>,
};
let currentIcon = icons[props.weatherStats.main.toLowerCase()];
return (
<div className={'weather-' + props.type}>
<h1>{props.location}</h1>
<h2>{props.day}</h2>
<figure className='weather-icon'>
<div className='weather-icon'>
{currentIcon}
</div>
<figcaption>
<h3 className='weather-main'>{props.weatherStats.main}</h3>
<div className='weather-desc'>{props.weatherStats.desc}</div>
{props.weatherStats.temp && <div className='weather-temp'>{Math.round(props.weatherStats.temp)}{props.unit}</div>}
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
)
}
// Using the specialization concept of React to create a more specific Weather component from base
function CurrentWeather(props) {
const dateObj = new Date();
const days = ['Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday'];
const currentDay = days[dateObj.getDay()];
return (
<Weather
type={'current'}
weatherStats={props.weatherStats}
day={currentDay}
unit={props.unit}
/>
)
}
ReactDOM.render(<App />, root);
.weather-app {
text-align: center;
}
.weather-current {
display: inline-block;
}
.wf-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.6.3/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.6.3/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
<div class="root"></div>
答案 0 :(得分:3)
那是因为您完全替换了当前的天气对象。您必须保留其他当前天气属性,以使其正常运行:
this.setState((state) => ({
unit: '°C',
currentWeather: {
...state.currentWeather,
temp: celsiusTemp
}
}));
当然,对于其他转换方法,您必须执行相同的操作。
Here是有效的示例。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
您的setState()应该如下所示:
this.setState(prevState => ({
...prevState,
currentWeather: { ...prevState.currentWeather, temp: celsiusTemp }
}));