Question

我遇到了SpringBoot应用程序的问题。我的ICS在该API上报告了高响应时间，但是我的代码指标表明这一切都很好，例如，发送至我的API的查询仅需50毫秒即可运行“业务“代码，但有效响应需要500毫秒以上！

我的JVM的内部日志表明，即使凭据正确且API可以正常工作，但在每次请求时，我都有一个“ UsernameNotFoundExcption ”。这就是为什么我认为我的问题来自SpringSecurity层，但我无法确定原因。

我的切入点：

@Component
public class BasicAuthenticationPoint extends BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint {
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authEx)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.addHeader("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=" + getRealmName());
        response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
        writer.println("HTTP Status 401 - " + authEx.getMessage());
    }

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        setRealmName("MYAPI");
        super.afterPropertiesSet();
    }
}

还有我的适配器：

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SpringSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private BasicAuthenticationPoint basicAuthenticationPoint;

    @Bean
    public BCryptPasswordEncoder encoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        HttpSecurity httpSec = http.csrf().disable();
        httpSec = httpSec.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/my-business-resources/**").hasRole("USER")
                .antMatchers("/actuator/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
                .and();
        httpSec.httpBasic().authenticationEntryPoint(basicAuthenticationPoint).and()
        .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        // Load users file
        Resource confFile = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:users.list");

        // Returns users from the configuration file <username, password (BCrypted), admin (boolean)>
        List<ApiUser> users = ApiUtils.getUsersFromFile(confFile);

        for(ApiUser u : users){
            // Add the username/password to the in-memory authentication manager
            if (u.admin)
                auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser(u.username).password(u.password).roles("USER", "ADMIN");
            else
                auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser(u.username).password(u.password).roles("USER");

        }
    }
}

我错过了什么吗？

PS：我的Spring Boot应用程序打包为WAR，并在Tomcat服务器内执行，以实现标准化目的。

编辑：

这是完整的UsernameNotFound堆栈跟踪（ICS格式）：

Exception Details
Type:   UsernameNotFoundException
Exception Class:    org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException
API:    Exception
Thread Name:    https-openssl-apr-9343-exec-10 <522634598>

Exception StackTrace
Method  Class   Line    File Name
loadUserByUsername  org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager    146 <unknown>
retrieveUser    org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider   104 <unknown>
authenticate    org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider   144 <unknown>
authenticate    org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager 174 <unknown>
authenticate    org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager 199 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter   180 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain    334 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter 116 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain    334 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter  66  <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain    334 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter   105 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain    334 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter 56  <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain    334 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy   215 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy   178 <unknown>
invokeDelegate  org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy    357 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy    270 <unknown>
internalDoFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 193 <unknown>
doFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 166 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.ErrorPageFilter    130 <unknown>
access$000  org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.ErrorPageFilter    66  <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.ErrorPageFilter$1  105 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.ErrorPageFilter    123 <unknown>
internalDoFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 193 <unknown>
doFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 166 <unknown>
filterAndRecordMetrics  org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter    155 <unknown>
filterAndRecordMetrics  org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter    123 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter    108 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
internalDoFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 193 <unknown>
doFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 166 <unknown>
doFilterInternal    org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter  200 <unknown>
doFilter    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter 107 <unknown>
internalDoFilter    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain 193 <unknown>

Answer 1

我认为之所以要花费500毫秒是因为密码编码。 BCrypt是一种编码机制，旨在使身份验证花费更长的时间，以缓解暴力攻击。

通常，通过将长期凭证（例如密码）与短暂令牌（例如令牌）交换来解决此性能问题。 OAuth是一个试图标准化这种做法的框架。 Spring Security 5.1 introduces support for protecting APIs with OAuth 2.0。这可能不会立即解决您的性能问题，因为它可能需要引入更多的基础结构，但从长远来看，它可能是更好的安全设计选择。

作为替代，您可以使用较弱的编码器，也可以使用较少的BCrypt轮，但是请注意，这两者都是性能安全的折衷方案。您可以将BCryptPasswordEncoder换成其他内容，例如：

@Bean
public PasswordEncoder encoder() {
    // ...
}

编辑：很高兴您发现了问题！切向地，建议您清理描述身份验证管理器的方式。可以将其替换为UserDetailsService：

@Bean
@Override
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
    Resource confFile = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:users.list");
    Collection<UserDetails> users = ApiUtils.getUsersFromFile(confFile)
        .stream().map(this::toUserDetails)
        .collect(Collectors.toList());
    return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(users);
}

private UserDetails toUserDetails(ApiUser apiUser) {
    UserBuilder builder = User.builder()
        .username(apiUser.username)
        .password(apiUser.password);
    return apiUser.admin ?
        builder.roles("USER", "ADMIN").build() :
        builder.roles("USER").build();
}

这很好，因为它的配置占用空间较小（身份验证管理器比用户详细信息服务“更大”）。如果您只想提供用户，则通常使用override the UserDetailsService而不是AuthenticationManager。

Answer 2

好的，经过大量调试，我发现了问题！

问题出在我用来填充内存身份验证器的代码中：

for(ApiUser u : users){
    // Add the username/password to the in-memory authentication manager
    if (u.admin)
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser(u.username).password(u.password).roles("USER", "ADMIN");
    else
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser(u.username).password(u.password).roles("USER");
}

多次调用auth.inMemoryAuthentication()的事实每次都会创建一个新的InMemoryUserDetailsManagerConfigurer<AuthenticationManagerBuilder>（Spring code），因此我们拥有与用户一样多的AuthenticationManager（一个用户每个），以便对每个请求多次执行身份验证过程。

这是我修复错误的方法：

@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
    // Load users file
    Resource confFile = resourceLoader.getResource("classpath:users.list");

    // Returns users from the configuration file <username, password (BCrypted), admin (boolean)>
    List<ApiUser> users = ApiUtils.getUsersFromFile(confFile);

    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    UserDetailsBuilder udb = null;

    for(ApiUser u : users){
        // Add the username/password to the in-memory authentication manager
        if (udb == null)
            udb = auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser(u.username).password(u.password);
        else
            udb = udb.and().withUser(u.username).password(u.password);

        if (u.admin)
            udb.roles("USER", "ADMIN");
        else
            udb.roles("USER");
    }
}

现在我的平均响应时间是80毫秒

Answer 3

您正在对资源和其他文件执行安全检查。您应该完全排除它们以进行身份验证。

在这里看看：Spring Security: how to exclude certain resources?

Spring安全性-错误会导致性能问题

3 个答案: