Question

您好，我想用R中的简单图形功能，如何制作条形图来显示变量结果的比例（按年计算未解决的凶杀案），可以认为是将任何特定年份未解决的凶杀案除以当年未解决凶杀的总数年。从每个计算的百分比中，我想将它们全部放入一个大条形图中到目前为止，我已经做到了：

#create a table with desired data (Total cases and year)
(TC<-table(dataset$Crime.Solved,dataset$Year))

 **Year** 
 1980  1981  1982  1983  1984  1985  1986  1987  1988  1989  1990  1991  
       1992  1993  1994

 **No** 
  6104  5177  5252  4925  4573  4522  4975  5076  5171  5491  5985  7048  
       7676  7654  7095

 **Yes**
 16371 15446 14720 14179 12915 13250 14380 13101 13042 13834 14642 14876 
       15506 16050 15469

  **Year** 
  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  
   2007  2008  2009

  **No** 
  6571  5681  5458  4542  4241  4289  4608  4821  5112  4917  5082  5191  
  5371  4931  4532

 **Yes**
  13970 12727 11735 10949  9896  9831 10627 10917 10854 10827 11249 11550 
  11392 10186 10856

 **Year**
 2010  2011  2012  2013  2014

 **No**
  4328  4236  4391  4321  4312

 **Yes**
 10406 10163 10340  9774  9689

#create a table with desired data (unsolved cases and year)
(USC<-table(unsolvedCASES$Crime.Solved =="No",unsolvedCASES$Year))

**Year**
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 
       1994 1995 1996 1997

  **TRUE**
  6104 5177 5252 4925 4573 4522 4975 5076 5171 5491 5985 7048 7676 7654 
       7095 6571 5681 5458

  **Year**
  1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 
       2012 2013 2014

  **TRUE**
  4542 4241 4289 4608 4821 5112 4917 5082 5191 5371 4931 4532 4328 4236 
       4391 4321 4312

#now try to get the percent of unsolved homicides each year by deviding unsolved homicides each year by total homicides each year

proportions <- table((dataset$Crime.Solved=="No"/dataset$Crime.Solved ),dataset$Year)

但这只是给我说了错误

（“否”，dataset $ Crime.Solved）：“ /”对因素没有意义

地狱！

谢谢！

[https://i.stack.imgur.com/8ED9l.png][1]

Answer 1

（这是我对先前答案的修改）这是一个简单的解决方案：假设您的数据大致如下所示（仅包含您感兴趣的两个变量）：

df <- data.frame(
  Year = c(rep(1980,4), rep(1981,5), rep(1982,6)),
  Crime.Solved = c("yes","no","yes","yes","no","yes","no","no","yes","yes","no","no","yes","no","no"    )
)

现在您创建一个2x2频率列表：

freq <- table(df$Year, df$Crime.Solved)

接下来，您将按行计算比例（参见数字1）：

data <- prop.table(freq, 1) 
              no       yes
  1980 0.2500000 0.7500000
  1981 0.6000000 0.4000000
  1982 0.6666667 0.3333333

您最关注的数据-每年未解决的犯罪比例-在最左边的列中，即data[,1]中；要在每个栏中显示相应的年份，请通过rownames(data)访问它们：

barplot(data[,1], main = "Proportions of unsolved crime per year",
    names.arg = row.names(data), las = 3)

Answer 2

这是一个非常简单的解决方案：

首先，像这样构造数据（每个变量都在单独的列中）：

df <- data.frame(
  year = c(paste("198", 0:9, sep="")),
  crimes = c(sample(100, 10)),
  unsolved = c(sample(40, 10))
)
head(df)
  year crimes unsolved
1 1980     86        2
2 1981     43       23
3 1982     75       37
4 1983      4       33
5 1984     99       20
6 1985     37       28

要获取所有犯罪中未解决犯罪的比例，请定义新变量$prop.unsolved，方法是将$unsolved除以$crimes：

df$prop.unsolved <- df$unsolved/df$crimes

现在您可以在条形图中绘制这些比例：

barplot(df$prop.unsolved, main = "Proportions of unsolved crime per year",
    names.arg = df$year, las = 3)

变量内某个平均值的比例条形图

2 个答案: